Editing Māori language (section)

=== Pronouns ===

==== Personal pronouns ====
Pronouns have singular, dual and plural number. Different first-person forms in both the dual and the plural are used for groups inclusive or exclusive of the person(s) addressed.

[[File:Pronouns In New Zealand Te Reo Māori.svg|thumb|upright=1.5|Diagram of pronouns in Māori. Grammatical person: {{hlist
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}}]]

{| class="wikitable" 
|-
! colspan="2" | 
! Singular
! Dual
! Plural
|-
! rowspan="2" | 1st person
! {{small|exclusive}}
| rowspan="2" | {{wikt-lang|mi|au}} / {{wikt-lang|mi|ahau}}
| {{wikt-lang|mi|māua}}
| {{wikt-lang|mi|mātou}}
|-
! {{small|inclusive}}
| {{wikt-lang|mi|tāua}}
| {{wikt-lang|mi|tātou}}
|-
! colspan="2" | 2nd person
| {{wikt-lang|mi|koe}}
| {{wikt-lang|mi|kōrua}}
| {{wikt-lang|mi|koutou}}
|-
! colspan="2" | 3rd person
| {{wikt-lang|mi|ia}}
| {{wikt-lang|mi|rāua}}
| {{wikt-lang|mi|rātou}}
|}

Like other Polynesian languages, Māori has three [[Grammatical number|numbers]] for pronouns and possessives: singular, [[dual (grammatical number)|dual]] and plural. For example: {{lang|mi|ia}} (he/she), {{lang|mi|rāua}} (those two), {{lang|mi|rātou}} (they, three or more). Māori pronouns and possessives further distinguish exclusive "we" from inclusive "we", second and third. It has the plural pronouns: {{lang|mi|mātou}} (we, exc), {{lang|mi|tātou}} (we, inc), {{lang|mi|koutou}} (you), {{lang|mi|rātou}} (they). The language features the dual pronouns: {{lang|mi|māua}} (me and another), {{lang|mi|tāua}} (me and you), {{lang|mi|kōrua}} (you two), {{lang|mi|rāua}} (those two). The difference between [[Clusivity|exclusive and inclusive]] lies in the treatment of the person addressed. {{lang|mi|Mātou}} refers to the speaker and others but not the person or persons spoken to ("I and some others but not you"), and {{lang|mi|tātou}} refers to the speaker, the person or persons spoken to and everyone else ("you, I and others"):{{sfn|Bauer|1997|pages=261–262}}

* {{lang|mi|Tēnā koe}}: hello (to one person)
* {{lang|mi|Tēnā kōrua}}: hello (to two people)
* {{lang|mi|Tēnā koutou}}: hello (to more than two people)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.maorilanguage.net/maori-words-phrases/greetings-mihi/ |title=Greetings – Mihi |website=MāoriLanguage.net |access-date=22 September 2019 |archive-date=22 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190922103146/http://www.maorilanguage.net/maori-words-phrases/greetings-mihi/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

==== Possessive pronouns ====
The possessive pronouns vary according to person, number, [[clusivity]], and possessive class (a class or o class). Example: {{lang|mi|tāku pene}} (my pen), {{lang|mi|āku pene}} (my pens). For dual and plural subject pronouns, the possessive form is analytical, by just putting the possessive particle ('''tā/tō''' for singular objects or '''ā/ō''' for plural objects) before the personal pronouns, e.g. {{lang|mi|tā tātou karaihe}} (our class), {{lang|mi|tō rāua whare}} (their [dual] house); {{lang|mi|ā tātou karaihe}} (our classes). The neuter one must be followed by a noun and only occur for singular first, second and third persons. {{lang|mi|Taku}} is my, {{lang|mi|aku}} is my (plural, for many possessed items). The plural is made by deleting the initial [t].{{sfn|Biggs|1998|pages=46–48}}

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! colspan=2 | Subject
! colspan=6 | Object
|-
! rowspan=2 | Number
! rowspan=2 | Person
! colspan=3 | Singular
! colspan=3 | Plural
|-
! a class
! o class
! neutral
! a class
! o class
! neutral
|-
! rowspan="3" scope="row" |Singular
! scope="row" |1
|tāku
|tōku
|taku
|āku
|ōku
|aku
|-
! scope="row" |2
|tāu
|tōu
|tō
|āu
|ōu
|ō
|-
! scope="row" |3
|tāna
|tōna
|tana
|āna
|ōna
|ana
|}

==== Interrogative pronouns ====
* {{lang|mi|wai}} ('who')
* {{lang|mi|aha}} ('what')
* {{lang|mi|hea}} ('where')
* {{lang|mi|nō hea}} ('whence')
* {{lang|mi|āhea}} ('when')
* {{lang|mi|e hia}} ('how many [things]')
* {{lang|mi|tokohia}} ('how many [people]')
* {{lang|mi|pēhea}} ('how')
* {{lang|mi|tēhea}} ('which'), ēhea ('which [pl.]')
* {{lang|mi|he aha ... ai}} ('why [reason]')
* {{lang|mi|nā te aha ... ai}} ('why [cause]')<ref>{{cite web |url=https://kupu.maori.nz/sentences/questions |title=Questions |publisher=Kupu o te Rā |website=kupu.maori.nz |access-date=22 September 2019 |archive-date=1 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190901113709/https://kupu.maori.nz/sentences/questions |url-status=live }}</ref>