Editing History of logic (section)

===Logic in Hegel's philosophy===
[[File:G.W.F. Hegel (by Sichling, after Sebbers).jpg|thumb|Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel]]
[[G.W.F. Hegel]] indicated the importance of logic to his philosophical system when he condensed his extensive ''[[Science of Logic]]'' into a shorter work published in 1817 as the first volume of his ''Encyclopaedia of the Philosophical Sciences.'' The "Shorter" or "Encyclopaedia" ''Logic'', as it is often known, lays out a series of transitions which leads from the most empty and abstract of categories—Hegel begins with "Pure Being" and "Pure Nothing"—to the "[[Absolute (philosophy)|Absolute]]", the category which contains and resolves all the categories which preceded it. Despite the title, Hegel's ''Logic'' is not really a contribution to the science of valid inference. Rather than deriving conclusions about concepts through valid inference from premises, Hegel seeks to show that thinking about one concept compels thinking about another concept (one cannot, he argues, possess the concept of "Quality" without the concept of "Quantity"); this compulsion is, supposedly, not a matter of individual psychology, because it arises almost organically from the content of the concepts themselves. His purpose is to show the rational structure of the "Absolute"—indeed of rationality itself. The method by which thought is driven from one concept to its contrary, and then to further concepts, is known as the Hegelian [[dialectic]].

Although Hegel's ''Logic'' has had little impact on mainstream logical studies, its influence can be seen elsewhere:
* [[Carl von Prantl]]'s ''Geschichte der Logik im Abendland'' (1855–1867).<ref>Carl von Prantl (1855–1867), ''Geschichte von Logik in Abendland'', Leipzig:  S. Hirzl, anastatically reprinted in 1997, Hildesheim:  Georg Olds.</ref>
* The work of the [[British Idealism|British Idealists]], such as F. H. Bradley's ''Principles of Logic'' (1883).
* The economic, political, and philosophical studies of [[Karl Marx]], and in the various schools of [[Marxism]].