Editing Grammatical aspect (section)

==Terms for various aspects==
The following aspectual terms are found in the literature. Approximate English equivalents are given.
* [[Perfective aspect|Perfective]]: 'I struck the bell' (an event viewed in its entirety, without reference to its temporal structure during its occurrence)
* [[Momentane]]: 'The mouse squeaked once' (contrasted to 'The mouse squeaked / was squeaking')
* [[Perfect (grammar)|Perfect]] (a common conflation of aspect and tense): 'I have arrived' (brings attention to the consequences of a situation in the past)
** [[Recent perfect]], also known as ''after perfect'': 'I just ate' or 'I am after eating' ([[Hiberno-English]])
* [[Discontinuous past]]: In English a sentence such as "I put it on the table" is neutral in implication (the object could still be on the table or not), but in some languages such as [[Chewa language|Chichewa]] the equivalent tense carries an implication that the object is no longer there. It is thus the opposite of the perfect aspect.
* [[Prospective aspect|Prospective]] (a conflation of aspect and tense): 'He is about to fall', 'I am going to cry" (brings attention to the anticipation of a future situation)
* [[Imperfective aspect|Imperfective]] (an activity with ongoing nature: combines the meanings of both the continuous and the habitual aspects): 'I was walking to work' (continuous) or 'I walked (used to walk, would walk) to work every day' (habitual).
** [[Habitual aspect|Habitual]]: 'I used to walk home from work', 'I would walk home from work every day', 'I walk home from work every day' (a subtype of imperfective)
** [[Continuous aspect|Continuous]]: 'I am eating' or 'I know' (situation is described as ongoing and either evolving or unevolving; a subtype of imperfective)
*** [[Progressive aspect|Progressive]]: 'I am eating' (action is described as ongoing and evolving; a subtype of continuous)
*** [[Stative verb|Stative]]: 'I know French' (situation is described as ongoing but not evolving; a subtype of continuous)
* [[Gnomic aspect|Gnomic/generic]]: 'Fish swim and birds fly' (general truths)
* [[Episodic aspect|Episodic]]: 'The bird flew' (non-gnomic)
* [[Continuative aspect]]: 'I am still eating'
* [[Inceptive aspect|Inceptive/ingressive]]: 'I started to run' (beginning of a new action: dynamic)
* [[Inchoative]]: 'The flowers started to bloom' (beginning of a new state: static)
* [[Terminative aspect|Terminative/cessative]]: 'I finished eating/reading'
* [[Defective aspect|Defective]]: 'I almost fell'
* [[Pausative aspect|Pausative]]: 'I stopped working for a while'
* [[Resumptive aspect|Resumptive]]: 'I resumed sleeping'
* [[Punctual aspect|Punctual]]: 'I slept'
* [[Delimitative aspect|Durative/Delimitative]]: 'I slept for a while'
* [[Protractive aspect|Protractive]]: 'The argument went on and on'
* [[Iterative aspect|Iterative]]: 'I read the same books again and again'
* [[Frequentative]]: 'It sparkled', contrasted with 'It sparked'. Or, 'I run around', vs. 'I run'
* Experiential: 'I have gone to school many times' (see for example [[Chinese grammar#Aspects|Chinese aspects]])
* [[Intentional aspect|Intentional]]: 'I listened carefully'
* [[Accidental aspect|Accidental]]: 'I accidentally knocked over the chair'
* [[Intensive]]: 'It glared'
* [[Attenuative aspect|Attenuative]]: 'It glimmered'
* [[Segmentative aspect|Segmentative]]: 'It is coming out in successive multitudes'<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Whorf | first1 = Benjamin Lee | year = 1936 | title = The punctual and segmentative aspects of verbs in Hopi | journal = Language | volume = 12 | issue = 2| pages = 127–131 | doi = 10.2307/408755 | jstor = 408755 }}</ref>