Editing Ashgabat (section)

==Transportation==
[[File:Ashgabat_Airport_(35816758890).jpg|thumb|left|The falcon shape of the international terminal of Ashgabat International Airport]]
[[File:Ashgabat Airport (36075375061).jpg|thumb|left|Inside the international terminal of Ashgabat International Airport]]

The city is served by the [[Ashgabat International Airport]], expansion of which cost $2.3&nbsp;billion and which has a design capacity of 14,000,000 passengers per year.<ref name=reuters>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-turkmenistan-airport/turkmenistan-opens-2-3-billion-bird-shaped-international-air-terminal-idUSKCN11N0QX|title=Turkmenistan opens $2.3&nbsp;billion bird-shaped international air terminal|date=September 17, 2016|publisher=Reuters}}</ref><ref name=poli>{{cite web|url=http://polimeks.com/en/buildingdetail/46/6/ashgabat-international-airport|title=Ashgabat International Airport, Turkmenistan 2016|publisher=Polimeks|access-date=July 26, 2020|archive-date=January 8, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200108183755/http://polimeks.com/en/buildingdetail/46/6/ashgabat-international-airport|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Ashgabat International Airport |url=https://centreforaviation.com/data/profiles/airports/ashgabat-international-airport-asb |website=CAPA Centre for Aviation |publisher=Aviation Week Network |access-date=2 Aug 2020}}</ref> [[Turkmenistan Airlines]] is headquartered at the airport.<ref>"Directory: World Airlines." ''[[Flight International]]''. March 30–5 April 2004. [http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2004/2004-09%20-%200330.html?search=%22Turkmenistan%20Airlines%2287].</ref> Ashgabat offers air service to and from all the major cities of the Turkmenistan. Since March 2020, in order to prevent the import and spread of coronavirus infection, all planes arriving in Turkmenistan from abroad are redirected to the Turkmenabat International Airport.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://turkmenportal.com/blog/25818/aviareisy-izza-predelov-turkmenistana-vremenno-perenapravlyayutsya-v-turkmenabat|title = Авиарейсы из-за пределов Туркменистана временно перенаправляются в Туркменабат &#124; Общество| date=May 12, 2023 }}</ref>

On 18 October 2006, the [[Ashgabat Cable Car]] opened, connecting the city with the foothills of the [[Kopetdag]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.turkmenistan.ru/en/node/5009 |title=Turkmen president attends inaugurations of three facilities dated to 15th anniversary of Turkmenistan |publisher=Turkmenistan.ru |access-date=2013-11-24 |archive-date=July 26, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726100450/http://www.turkmenistan.ru/en/node/5009 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

[[Ashgabat Monorail]] commenced service in 2016, becoming the first monorail in the [[Central Asia]] region.<ref>{{cite web|title=Intamin Transportation |url=http://www.intaminworldwide.com/transportation/Home/news/Ashgabat |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419150734/http://www.intaminworldwide.com/transportation/Home/news/Ashgabat |archive-date=April 19, 2016}}</ref><ref name=mono2>{{cite news|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/turkmenistan-asian-games-opening/28740101.html |title=International Games Open In Ashgabat |date=17 September 2017 |publisher=[[RFE/RL]]}}</ref><ref name=mono3>{{cite web|url=https://www.monorails.org/tMspages/CnstAshgabat01.html |title=Construction Gallery - Ashgabat, Turkmenistan |publisher=The Monorail Society |date=May 2014}}</ref> It is a loop 5.2 kilometers long and circulates exclusively on the territory of the Olympic Village ({{langx|tk|Olimpiýa şäherçesi}}).<ref name=mono2 /><ref name=mono3 />

In January 2018, it was reported that black cars had been impounded for weeks in Ashgabat, a result of President [[Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedov]]'s conviction that black cars bring bad luck.<ref>{{cite news|title='Bad Luck' For Black Car Owners in Turkmen Capital|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/turkmenistan-black-car-owners-bad-luck/28963539.html|publisher=[[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty]]|date=January 8, 2018}}</ref>

The Ukrainian construction firm Interbudmontazh has proposed construction of a [[Rapid transit|subway (metropolitan)]] line, to connect the Ashgabat-Siti residential area in the northern suburbs to downtown Ashgabat.<ref name=metro>{{cite news|url=https://www.hronikatm.com/2020/05/metro/|title=Представлен проект метрополитена, который свяжет столицу Туркменистана с "Ашхабад-сити"|date=27 May 2020 |language=Russian |publisher=Chronicles of Turkmenistan}}</ref>

=== Autobahn ===
[[File:Streets of Ashgabat (2) (31110029667).jpg|thumb|Streets of Ashgabat]]
Ashgabat is linked<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mir24.tv/news/16481168/novaya-trassa-prezident-turkmenistana-proehal-po-uchastku-avtobana-ashhabad-turkmenabat-na-kamaze|title=Новая трасса: президент Туркменистана проехал по участку автобана Ашхабад – Туркменабат на КамАЗе}}</ref> to [[Tejen]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://orient.tm/ru/post/35050/skorostnaya-trassa-ashhabad-tedzhen-otkryvaetsya-29-oktyabrya|title=Скоростная трасса Ашхабад-Теджен открывается 29 октября|date=October 29, 2021|website=Orient}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://turkmenportal.com/blog/43361/novaya-doroga-soedinit-tedzhen-i-turkmenabat|title=Новая дорога соединит Теджен и Туркменабат &#124; Общество}}</ref> [[Mary, Turkmenistan|Mary]], [[Türkmenabat]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mir24.tv/news/16577740/stroitelstvo-tretego-etapa-avtobana-ashhabad-turkmenabat-nachali-v-turkmenistane|title=Строительство третьего этапа автобана Ашхабад – Туркменабат начал Туркменистан}}</ref> and neighbouring countries<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://business.com.tm/ru/post/10827/turkmenistan-avtomagistral-ashhabadturkmenabat-posposobstvuet-razvitiyu-transportnogo-soobshcheniya-s-uzbekistanom|title=Туркменистан: Автомагистраль Ашхабад–Туркменабат поспособствует развитию транспортного сообщения с Узбекистаном &#124; Региональный|date=September 28, 2023|website=Информационный центр}}</ref> by the country's 600&nbsp;km [[autobahn]] network.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://turkmenistan.gov.tm/ru/post/58206/prezident-turkmenistana-prinyal-uchastie-v-torzhestvennoj-ceremonii-vvoda-v-stroj-uchastka-ashhabad-tedzhen-vysokoskorostnoj-avtomagistrali|title=Президент Гурбангулы Бердымухамедов принял участие в открытии участка Ашхабад–Теджен автобана Ашхабад–Туркменабат|date=October 29, 2021|website=turkmenistan.gov.tm}}</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240119163959/https://salamnews.tm/ru/section/ykdysadyyet/ulag-kommunikasiya/turkmenistan-vstupil-v-stroitelstvo-zaklyuchitelnogo-etapa-vysokoskorostnoj-trassy-ashhabad-turkmenabad-0574d4 В Туркменистане приступили к заключительному третьему этапу строительства высокоскоростной автомобильной дороги Ашхабад-Туркменабат]</ref>

=== Railway ===
[[File:Turkmen Diesel locomotive2.jpg|thumb|Turkmenistan Railways Diesel locomotive CKD9A in Ashgabat]]
{{Main|Rail transport in Turkmenistan}}
Ashgabat has a single central railway station. In May 2009 the restoration of the [[Ashgabat railway station]] was completed. The railway station is made in Soviet-style architecture with its long point on the building roof.

The Trans-Caspian Railway ([[Türkmenbaşy, Turkmenistan|Türkmenbaşy]]–[[Balkanabat]]–[[Bereket]]–Ashgabat–[[Mary, Turkmenistan|Mary]]–[[Türkmenabat]]) runs through Ashgabat from east to west. Since 2006 there is also a train line from Ashgabat to the north, the [[Trans-Karakum Railway]].<ref name=rail>{{cite web|url=https://www.railway.gov.tm/|title=Turkmenistan Railways|language=tk, ru|publisher="Türkmendemirýollary" agentligi|access-date=July 28, 2020|archive-date=April 13, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413135742/https://railway.gov.tm/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

As of July 2021, the following railway routes are scheduled from and to Ashgabat:<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sng.today/ashkhabad/17259-turkmenistan-vosstanovil-vnutrennee-zheleznodorozhnoe-soobschenie.html|title = Туркменистан восстановил внутреннее железнодорожное сообщение}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.trend.az/business/transport/3432205.html|title=В Туркменистане полностью восстановлено ж/д сообщение|date=May 31, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://turkmenportal.com/blog/37296/v-turkmenistane-vveli-novyi-grafik-s-bolshim-chislom-poezdov-po-strane|title = В Туркменистане ввели новый график с большим числом поездов по стране &#124; Туризм| date=May 12, 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.railway.gov.tm/ru/schedule|title=Расписание &#124; АООТ "Демирёллары"|access-date=September 5, 2021|archive-date=January 19, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210119214435/https://railway.gov.tm/ru/schedule|url-status=dead}}</ref>

*Ashgabat-[[Balkanabat]]
*Ashgabat-[[Türkmenbaşy, Turkmenistan|Türkmenbaşy]]
* Ashgabat-[[Dashoguz]]
* Ashgabat-[[Sarahs]]
* Ashgabat-[[Serhetabat]]
* Ashgabat-[[Amu Dar'ya (town)|Amyderýa]]

=== City buses and trolleybus ===
[[File:Ashgabat bus stop IMG 5627 (26085205046).jpg|thumb|Bus stop with air conditioning in Ashgabat]]
[[File:10-Ýyl Abadanchylyk Avenue.jpg|thumb|10-Ýyl Abadanchylyk Avenue]]
Public transport in the city consists mainly of buses. More than 100 bus<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ayauk.gov.tm/ru/route/a/index?type=0 |title=Route &#124; |publisher=Ayauk.gov.tm |date= |access-date=2022-03-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://ayauk.gov.tm/ru/item/947|title = В Ашхабаде будет запущен новый автобусный маршрут}}</ref> lines cover a total range of more than {{convert|2230|km|0|abbr=off}} with 700 buses running on urban routes. The city primarily uses [[Iran Khodro]] 0457 (Mercedes-Benz) and [[Hyundai Aero City|Hyundai New Super Aero City]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://awtoulag.gov.tm/ru/gallery/13|title=Türkmenawtoulaglar Agentligi|website=awtoulag.gov.tm}}</ref> buses.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.turkmenistan.gov.tm/?id=3215 |title=Туркменистан: золотой век |publisher=Turkmenistan.gov.tm |language=ru |date=2013-01-28 |access-date=2013-11-24 |archive-date=December 2, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202235050/http://www.turkmenistan.gov.tm/?id=3215 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bus timetables and detailed schematic map of the route are at every stop. Distances between stops are about 300–500 meters.

Travel in the Ashgabat city public transport for the majority of the country's population incurs a fee. Money is thrown into a box next to the driver. Large bills are given to the driver, he gives change. The fare for travel in city public transport is 50 Turkmen tenge (since 2017).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.kdmid.ru/docs.aspx?lst=country_wiki&it=/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD.aspx |title=ТУРКМЕНИСТАН |language=ru |trans-title=Turkmenistan |publisher=Consular Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia |date= |access-date=2022-03-16 |archive-date=March 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331102442/https://www.kdmid.ru/docs.aspx?lst=country_wiki&it=/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> Route taxi ([[marshrutka]]) is 1 manat.

Information about bus routes and stops in Ashgabat is available in the mobile application [https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.takykcheshme.gps&hl=ru&gl=US Duralga].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://turkmenportal.com/blog/43888/novoe-mobilnoe-prilozhenie-duralga-predostavit-informaciyu-ob-avtobusnyh-marshrutah-i-ostanovkah-ashhabada|title=Новое мобильное приложение Duralga предоставит информацию об автобусных маршрутах и остановках Ашхабада &#124; Авто}}</ref>

From November 1, 2017, the electronic system of payment for public transport came into full force in Ashgabat. Payment can be made using an electronic transport card. There are three types of electronic cards: school, for pensioners and general. When entering through the front door of the bus, the passenger must present the electronic card to the validator. The term of use of the transport electronic card is 4 years.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://turkmenportal.com/blog/12377/v-stolice-turkmenistane-perehodyat-na-elektronnuyu-sistemu-oplaty-proezda-v-avtobusah|title=В столице Туркменистане переходят на электронную систему оплаты проезда в автобусах &#124; Культура}}</ref>

The new [[International Passenger Bus Terminal of Ashgabat]] was inaugurated on September 5, 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://centralasiaonline.com/en_GB/articles/caii/newsbriefs/2014/09/09/newsbrief-14|title=Turkmenistan to launch international bus service|access-date=August 2, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.turkmenistan.ru/ru/articles/38045.html |title=В Ашхабаде будет построен пассажирский автовокзал международного класса &#124; Интернет-газета |publisher=Turkmenistan.ru|language=ru |access-date=2013-11-24}}</ref> It offers intercity service to [[Bäherden]], [[Türkmenbaşy, Turkmenistan|Türkmenbaşy]], [[Dashoguz]], [[Turkmenabat]], [[Archman]], [[Konye-Urgench]], and Mollagara, as well as points in between.<ref name=busmenzil>{{cite web|url=http://www.awtomenzil.gov.tm/index.php?page=routes|title=International Bus Terminal of Ashgabat|language=tk, ru, en}}</ref> The main intracity bus terminals serving Ashgabat are near the Teke Bazaar and at the domestic airport terminal. Intercity lines are operated by [[Hyundai Universe]] Luxury, [[Iran Khodro]] SC 0457, [[Sahab Renault]] and [[Yutong]] ZK6129H.

Also, suburban communication has been established with [[Ýaşlyk]], [[Geok Tepe]], [[Gorjaw]], [[Yzgant]], [[Babarap]], [[Bugdaýly]], [[Anau, Turkmenistan|Annau]], [[Gämi]], [[Owadandepe]], Watan, Khurmant, Onaldy, Gami Dacha, Kasamly Julge, [[Gäwers, Turkmenistan|Gäwers]], Yashyldepe, Akdashayak, Niyazow, Suitchilik, [[Parahat]]. [[Pavlovo Bus Factory|PAZ]] 32054 buses and [[Volkswagen]] minibuses operate on suburban routes.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://awtomenzil.gov.tm/index.php?page=routes&spid=1 |title=Aşgabat şäherindäki halkara ýolagçy awtomenzili |access-date=September 5, 2021 |archive-date=September 13, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140913013130/http://awtomenzil.gov.tm/index.php?page=routes&spid=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Some intercity buses also stop at various other points in Ashgabat, including the airport and railway station.
 
From 19 October 1964 to 31 December 2011 the city also had the [[Trolleybuses in Ashgabat|Ashgabat trolleybus system]]. At the beginning of the twentieth century a narrow-gauge steam railway connected the city with the suburb of [[Archabil District|Firyuza]]. As of 2011, there were 7 routes in the city. As of 2011, the Ashgabat trolleybus fleet had 47 trolleybuses ([[Škoda 14Tr]]M) on its balance sheet. In 2000, the last obsolete trolleybuses of the JuMZ-T2 model were written off.

=== Taxi ===
In Ashgabat and Turkmenistan, taxicabs are mostly white or yellow coloured . Taxis have a small green illuminated cylinder-like "TAXI" sign on the roof of the car.<ref>[https://salamnews.tm/ru/section/ykdysadyyet/ulag-kommunikasiya/onlayn-taksi-hyzmatynda-indi-yol-nyrhyny-onunden-bilip-bolyar-93eb88 В приложении «Onlaýn taksi» теперь можно узнать цену проезда перед заказом | SalamNews]</ref>

Typically the taxicabs are  [[Toyota Corolla]], [[JAC J7]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://auh.com.tm/ru/item/644|title=Awtomobil Ulag Hyzmaty|website=auh.com.tm}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sng.today/ashkhabad/30619-v-turkmenistan-postupili-jelektromobili-jac-e-j7-dlja-goroda-arkadag.html|title=В Туркменистан поступили электромобили JAC E-J7 для города Аркадаг » "СНГ СЕГОДНЯ" - последние новости стран СНГ читайте на SNG.TODAY|website="СНГ СЕГОДНЯ" - последние новости стран СНГ читайте на SNG.TODAY}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://turkmenportal.com/en/blog/61474/jac-ej7-electric-car-presented-at-transport-exhibition-in-ashgabat|title=JAC E-J7 electric car presented at transport exhibition in Ashgabat &#124; Auto}}</ref> and [[Hyundai Elantra]] along with other, mainly Asian, brands. Taxicabs are either sedans, station wagons, or MPVs.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://turkmenportal.com/blog/52422/novye-toyota-corolla-popolnili-taksopark-sluzhby-onlayn-taksi|title=Новые Toyota Corolla пополнили таксопарк службы Onlaýn taksi &#124; Общество}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://turkmenistan.gov.tm/ru/post/59981/vyzvat-taksi-v-ashhabade-stalo-namnogo-proshche-i-udobnej | title=Вызвать такси в Ашхабаде стало намного проще и удобней | date=January 6, 2022 }}</ref> Most taxicabs are automatic transmission, and some have navigation systems on board.

In Ashgabat taxis are available at any time of the day or night. Passengers may also hire taxicabs via mobile apps.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://awtoulag.gov.tm/ru/item/287 |title=Onlaýn taksi – новый сервис по вызову такси в Ашхабаде |publisher=Awtoulag.gov.tm |date= |access-date=2022-03-16}}</ref> Other hailing methods, such as telephone based calls or raising one's hand on the street, are also common as well.