Editing African trypanosomiasis (section)

=== Clock gene expression induced by Infection with Trypanosoma brucei ===

Studies using transgenic rat models infected with Trypanosoma Brucei and maintained in a 12:12 LD cycle no significant effect on oscillations of Per1-luciferase expression or in real time qPCR, in SCN tissue, significant alterations to circadian rhythms were present in the Pituitary, Pineal, and Spleen tissue. Pituitary gland tissue expressed a significantly shorter period of Per1-luc expression from infected rats. In Pineal gland, Per1 and Bmal1 expressed diurnal differences in both infected and control mice and Clock gene mRNA expression was significantly reduced indicating an alteration in rhythmic pineal function. Real-time PCR analysis revealed a significantly reduced expression of Bmal1 mRNA in the spleen of infected rats.<ref name="Lundkvist, Gabriella B S">{{Cite journal |last1=Lundkvist |first1=Gabriella B. S. |last2=Sellix |first2=Michael T. |last3=Nygård |first3=Mikael |last4=Davis |first4=Erin |last5=Straume |first5=Marty |last6=Kristensson |first6=Krister |last7=Block |first7=Gene D. |date=April 2010 |title=Clock Gene Expression during Chronic Inflammation Induced by Infection with Trypanosoma brucei brucei in Rats |journal=Journal of Biological Rhythms |language=en |volume=25 |issue=2 |pages=92–102 |doi=10.1177/0748730409360963 |issn=0748-7304 |pmc=2897063 |pmid=20348460}}</ref>