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==Deaths== ===January=== [[File:EdwinHowardArmstrong.jpg|thumb|100px|right|[[Edwin Howard Armstrong]]]] * [[January 1]] – [[José Millán-Astray]], Spanish general, founder of the [[Spanish Legion]] (b. [[1879]]) * [[January 5]] – [[Lillian Rich]], English actress (b. [[1900]])<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/person/161093%7C99136/Lillian-Rich/#overview |title=Lillian Rich |publisher=[[Turner Classic Movies, Inc.]] |access-date=November 5, 2022}}</ref> * [[January 8]] – [[Eduard Wiiralt]], Estonian artist (b. [[1898]])<ref>{{cite book |title=The Yale University Library Gazette |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3NMaAAAAMAAJ |year=1978 |publisher=[[Yale University Library]] |page=159 }}</ref> * [[January 11]] ** [[John Simon, 1st Viscount Simon]], British politician (b. [[1873]])<ref>{{cite web |url=https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/people/mr-john-simon-1/index.html |title=Mr John Simon (Hansard) |publisher=[[UK Parliament]] |access-date=November 5, 2022}}</ref> ** [[Oscar Straus (composer)|Oscar Straus]], Austrian composer (b. [[1870]])<ref>{{cite book |last=Randel |first=Don Michael |title=The Harvard Concise Dictionary of Music and Musicians |date=October 30, 2002 |publisher=[[Harvard University Press]] |isbn=978-0-674-25572-2 |page=866 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HXILEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT866}}</ref> * [[January 18]] – [[Sydney Greenstreet]], English actor (b. [[1879]])<ref>{{cite book |last=Donnelley |first=Paul |title=Fade to Black: A Book of Movie Obituaries |date=2003 |publisher=[[Music Sales Group]] |isbn=9780711995123 |page=295 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qAhtNiAl3YsC&q=%22Sydney+Hughes+Greenstreet%22&pg=PA295 |access-date=April 1, 2017 }}</ref> * [[January 31]] ** [[Edwin Howard Armstrong]], American electrical engineer (b. [[1890]])<ref>{{cite news |title=Armstrong, FM Inventor, Dies in Leap From East Side Suite |newspaper=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331 |date=February 2, 1954 |page=1 |quote=Maj. Edwin H. Armstrong, whose inventions provided much of the basis for modern broadcasting, was found dead yesterday morning on a third-floor balcony of River House, 435 East Fifty-second Street. The 63-year-old electrical engineer had plunged from a window of his luxurious thirteenth-floor apartment, apparently late Sunday evening or during the night.}}</ref> ** [[Florence Bates]], American actress (b. [[1888]])<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.allmovie.com/artist/p4525 |last=Erickson |first=Hal |author-link=Hal Erickson (author) |title=Florence Bates {{!}} Biography, Movie Highlights and Photos |publisher=[[AllMovie]], Netaktion LLC |access-date=November 4, 2022}}</ref> ===February=== [[File:Axel Pehrsson-Bramstorp.jpg|thumb|100px|right|[[Axel Pehrsson-Bramstorp]]]] * [[February 8]] – [[Laurence Trimble]], American actor (b. [[1885]]) * [[February 9]] – [[Mabel Paige]], American actress (b. [[1880]]) * [[February 12]] – [[Dziga Vertov]], Russian filmmaker (b. [[1896]]) * [[February 19]] – [[Axel Pehrsson-Bramstorp]], 24th [[Prime Minister of Sweden]] (b. [[1883]]) * [[February 21]] – [[William K. Howard]], American film director (b. [[1899]]) ===March=== [[File:Otto Paul Hermann Diels.jpg|thumb|100px|right|[[Otto Diels]]]] * [[March 7]] ** [[Otto Diels]], German chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1876]]) ** [[Will H. Hays]], Namesake for the [[Motion Picture Production Code|Hays Code]] (b. [[1879]]) * [[March 9]] – [[Vagn Walfrid Ekman]], Swedish oceanographer (b. [[1874]]) * [[March 12]] – [[Marianne Weber]], German sociologist and suffragist (b. [[1870]])<ref>{{cite book | first1=Patricia M. | last1=Lengermann | first2=Jill | last2=Niebrugge-Brantley | chapter=Marianne Weber (1870- 1954): A Woman-Centered Sociology | title=The Women Founders: Sociology and Social Theory, 1830-1930 : a Text/reader | location=Boston | publisher=McGraw-Hill | year=1998 | isbn=978-1-57766-509-0 | page=194}}</ref> * [[March 13]] – [[Cesar Klein]], German painter (b. [[1876]]) * [[March 24]] – [[Thành Thái]], [[Emperor of Vietnam]] (b. [[1879]]) * [[March 26]] – [[Louis Silvers]], American film composer (b. [[1889]]) * [[March 30]] – [[Fritz London]], German physicist (b. [[1900]]) ===April=== [[File:Léon Jouhaux nobel.jpg|thumb|100px|right|[[Léon Jouhaux]]]] * [[April 2]] ** [[Hoyt Vandenberg]], [[United States Air Force|U.S. Air Force general]] (b. [[1899]]) ** [[Maud Barger-Wallach]], American tennis player (b. [[1870]]) * [[April 3]] – [[Aristides de Sousa Mendes]], Portuguese diplomat and humanitarian (b. [[1885]])<ref>[https://www.centerofportugal.com/tour/aristides-de-sousa-mendes-the-insubordinate-consul Aristides de Sousa Mendes: the insubordinate consul]</ref> * [[April 7]] – [[Saburō Kurusu]], Japanese diplomat (b. [[1886]]) * [[April 10]] – [[Auguste and Louis Lumière|Auguste Lumière]], French film pioneer (b. [[1862]]) * [[April 17]] – [[Lucrețiu Pătrășcanu]], Romanian communist activist and sociologist (b. [[1900]]) * [[April 27]] ** [[Antoni Bolesław Dobrowolski]], Polish scientist and explorer who participated in the [[Belgian Antarctic Expedition|Belgian Antarctic expedition]] (b. [[1872]])<ref>{{cite book|title=Polish Polar Research|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_W0fAQAAIAAJ|year=1998|publisher=Państwowe Wydawn. Naukowe|page=10}}</ref> ** [[Thorvald Ellegaard]], Danish track cyclist (b. [[1877]])<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 27, 2017 |title=Today in Transportation History – 1954: The Passing of a Danish Cycling Legend |url=https://transportationhistory.org/2017/04/27/today-in-transportation-history-1954-the-passing-of-a-danish-cycling-legend/ |access-date=December 28, 2023 |website=Transportation History}}</ref> * [[April 28]] – [[Léon Jouhaux]], French labor leader, recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] (b. [[1879]]) * [[April 29]] – [[Joe May]], Austrian-born film director (b. [[1880]]) ===May=== [[File:Heinz Guderian portrait.jpg|thumb|100px|right|[[Heinz Guderian]]]] * [[May 1]] – [[Tom Tyler]], American actor (b. [[1903]]) * [[May 5]] – [[Henri Laurens]], French sculptor and illustrator (b. [[1885]]) * [[May 6]] – [[B. C. Forbes]], Scottish-born publisher (b. [[1880]]) * [[May 14]] – [[Heinz Guderian]], German [[World War II]] general (b. [[1888]]) * [[May 15]] – [[William March]], American writer and soldier (b. [[1893]]) * [[May 19]] – [[Charles Ives]], American composer (b. [[1874]]) * [[May 22]] – [[Chief Bender]], Native-American baseball player (b. [[1884]]) * [[May 25]] – [[Robert Capa]], Hungarian-born photojournalist (b. [[1913]]) * [[May 26]] – [[Omer Nishani]], Albanian medical doctor and political figure (b. [[1887]]) ===June=== [[File:Alan Turing (1912-1954) in 1936 at Princeton University.jpg|thumb|100px|right|[[Alan Turing]]]] * [[June 7]] – [[Alan Turing]], British mathematician, cryptanalyst, and pioneer computer scientist (b. [[1912]])<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alan-Turing#toc330986 |title=Alan Turing. Biography, Facts, & Education |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=October 11, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011184445/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alan-Turing#toc330986 |archive-date=October 11, 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref> * [[June 9]] – [[Alain LeRoy Locke]], American writer, philosopher and educator (b. [[1885]]) * [[June 24]] – [[Thomas Denman, 3rd Baron Denman]], 5th [[Governor-General of Australia]] (b. [[1874]]) * [[June 30]] – [[Andrass Samuelsen]], 1st prime minister of Faroe Islands (b. [[1873]]) ===July=== [[File:Frida Kahlo, by Guillermo Kahlo.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Frida Kahlo]]]] [[File:Jacinto Benavente y Martinez.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Jacinto Benavente]]]] * [[July 1]] ** [[Thea von Harbou]], German actress (b. [[1888]]) ** [[Tomás Monje]], 41st [[President of Bolivia]] (b. [[1884]]) * [[July 6]] ** [[Gabriel Pascal]], Hungarian-born film producer and director (b. [[1894]]) ** [[Cornelia Sorabji]], Indian-born lawyer (b. [[1866]]) * [[July 13]] ** [[Frida Kahlo]], Mexican painter (b. [[1907]])<ref>{{cite book |last=Zamora |first=Martha |title=Frida Kahlo: The Brush of Anguish |url=https://archive.org/details/fridakahlobrusho0000zamo |url-access=registration |year=1990 |publisher=[[Chronicle Books]] |isbn=978-0-87701-746-2 |page=12}}</ref> ** [[Irving Pichel]], American actor and director (b. [[1891]]) * [[July 14]] – [[Jacinto Benavente]], Spanish dramatist, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1866]]) * [[July 16]] – [[Herms Niel]], German composer (b. [[1888]]) * [[July 17]] – [[Machine Gun Kelly (gangster)|Machine Gun Kelly]], American gangster (b. [[1895]]) * [[July 19]] – [[Hannes Meyer]], Swiss architect (b. [[1889]]) * [[July 28]] – [[Sōjin Kamiyama]] or "Sojin", Japanese film star during the silent film era (b. [[1884]]) ===August=== [[File:Alcide de Gasperi 2.jpg|thumbnail|right|100px|[[Alcide de Gasperi]]]] * [[August 3]] – [[Colette]], French novelist (b. [[1873]])<ref>{{cite book |last1 = Portuges |first1 = Catherine |last2 = Jouve |first2 = Nicole Ward |chapter = Colette |editor1-last = Sartori |editor1-first = Eva Martin |editor2-last = Zimmerman |editor2-first = Dorothy Wynne |title = French Women Writers |publisher = University of Nebraska Press |year = 1994 |isbn = 0803292244 |pages=80–81}}</ref> * [[August 11]] – [[Murray Kinnell]], English actor (b. [[1889]])<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190103043517/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2ba32d14de Murray Kinnell]</ref> * [[August 14]] – [[Hugo Eckener]], German president of the Zeppelin Dirigible Company (b. [[1868]]) * [[August 19]] – [[Alcide De Gasperi]], Italian statesman and Christian Democracy politician, 30th [[Prime Minister of Italy]] (b. [[1881]]) * [[August 24]] – [[Getúlio Vargas]], 14th and 17th [[President of Brazil]] (b. [[1882]]) ===September=== * [[September 2]] – [[Franz Leopold Neumann]], German political activist and Marxist theorist (b. [[1900]]) * [[September 3]] – [[Eugene Pallette]], American actor (b. [[1889]]) * [[September 5]] – [[Eugen Schiffer]], German politician (b. [[1860]]) * [[September 7]] – [[Bud Fisher]], American cartoonist (b. [[1885]])<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1954/09/08/archives/harry-c-bud-fisher-creator-of-mutt-and-jeff-is-deadat-69-he-began.html|title= Harry C. (Bud) Fisher, Creator Of 'Mutt and Jeff,' Is Dead at 69; He Began Famous Comic Strip 'Early in Century--Owned 'String of Thoroughbreds| work=The New York Times|date=September 8, 1954}} (abstract) {{subscription required}}</ref> * [[September 8]] – [[André Derain]], French artist, painter and sculptor (b. [[1880]]) * [[September 21]] – [[Kokichi Mikimoto]], Japanese pearl farm pioneer (b. [[1858]])<ref>{{cite web |url=http://alist-magazine.com/home/unforgattable-dream/ |author=Svetlana Kim|title= Kokichi Mikimoto's Unforgettable Dream |work=alist-magazine.com |access-date=October 10, 2024}}</ref> * [[September 25]] – [[Eugenio d'Ors]], Spanish writer (b. [[1881]]) * [[September 26]] – [[Ellen Roosevelt]], American tennis player (b. [[1868]]) * [[September 27]] – [[Maximilian von Weichs]], German field marshal (b. [[1881]]) * [[September 28]] – [[Bert Lytell]], American actor (b. [[1885]]) * [[September 29]] – [[Martin Wetzer]], Finnish general (b. [[1868]]) ===October=== [[File:Roberthjackson.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Robert H. Jackson]]]] * [[October 9]] – [[Robert H. Jackson]], United States Supreme Court associate justice and chief prosecutor at the Nuremberg Trials (b. [[1892]]) * [[October 12]] – [[George Welch (pilot)|George Welch]], American aviator (b. [[1918]]) * [[October 19]] – [[Hugh Duffy]], American baseball player ([[Boston Braves (baseball)|Boston Braves]]) and a member of the [[MLB Hall of Fame]] (b. [[1866]]) * [[October 22]] – [[Jibanananda Das]], Indian poet, writer, novelist and essayist in [[Bengali language|Bengali]] (b. [[1899]]) * [[October 28]] – [[Austin Hobart Clark]], American zoologist (b. [[1880]]) * [[October 30]] – [[Wilbur Shaw]], American racing driver (b. [[1902]]) ===November=== [[File:Henri Matisse, 1913, photograph by Alvin Langdon Coburn.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Henri Matisse]]]] [[File:Enrico Fermi 1943-49.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Enrico Fermi]]]] [[File:Wilhelm Furtwängler.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Wilhelm Furtwängler]]]] * [[November 3]] – [[Henri Matisse]], French painter (b. [[1869]])<ref>{{cite book | last =Schneider | first =Pierre | title =Matisse | publisher =George Braziller | date =1984 | location =New York | pages =740 | isbn =0500091668}}</ref> * [[November 10]] – [[Édouard Le Roy]], French philosopher and mathematician (b. [[1870]]) * [[November 13]] – [[Paul Ludwig Ewald von Kleist]], German field marshal (b. [[1881]]) * [[November 15]] – [[Lionel Barrymore]], American actor (b. [[1878]]) * [[November 16]] – [[Albert Francis Blakeslee]], American botanist (b. [[1874]]) * [[November 20]] – [[Clyde Cessna]], American aviator and aircraft designer and manufacturer, founder of the [[Cessna|Cessna Aircraft Corporation]] (b. [[1879]]) * [[November 22]] ** [[Moroni Olsen]], American actor (b. [[1889]]) ** [[Andrey Vyshinsky]], Russian jurist and diplomat, former [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Soviet Union)|Soviet Foreign Minister]] (b. [[1883]]) * [[November 28]] – [[Enrico Fermi]], Italian physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1901]])<ref>{{cite news|date=November 29, 1954|title=Enrico Fermi Dead at 53; Architect of Atomic Bomb|newspaper=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/bday/0929.html|url-status=dead|access-date=January 21, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190314034514/https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/bday/0929.html|archive-date=March 14, 2019}}</ref> * [[November 30]] – [[Wilhelm Furtwängler]], German conductor (b. [[1886]]) ===December=== * [[December 1]] – [[Fred Rose (songwriter)|Fred Rose]], American songwriter (b. [[1898]]) * [[December 8]] ** [[Claude Cahun]], French photographer and writer (b. [[1894]]) ** [[Gladys George]], American actress (b. [[1904]]) * [[December 20]] – [[James Hilton (novelist)|James Hilton]], English novelist (b. [[1900]]) * [[December 30]] ** [[Archduke Eugen of Austria]], Austrian field marshal (b. [[1863]]) ** [[Günther Quandt]], German industrialist who founded an industrial empire that today includes BMW and Altana (b. [[1881]])
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