Editing Wrocław (section)

===Old Town===
{{See also|Ostrów Tumski, Wrocław|Market Square, Wrocław|Wrocław Old Town}}
{{multiple image
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| image1 = Wrocław, Kolegiata Świętego Krzyża i św. Bartłomieja we Wrocławiu DZolopa 2019-07-20 163338 0577.jpg
| alt1 = Collegiate Church of the Holy Cross and St. Bartholomew 
| caption1 = [[Cathedral Island, Wrocław|Cathedral Island]] - [[Collegiate Church of the Holy Cross and St. Bartholomew, Wrocław|Collegiate Church of the Holy Cross and St. Bartholomew]] whose [[scholaster]] was [[Nicolaus Copernicus]]
| image2 = Rynek Starego Miasta We Wroclawiu (152991773).jpeg
| alt2 = Market Square and Old Town
| caption2 = [[Wrocław Old Town]]
| image3 = Opera, Breslavia, Polonia, 2017-12-20, DD 23-25 HDR.jpg
| alt3 = Opera
| caption3 = [[Wrocław Opera]] by night
| image4 = Jaś i Małgosia e83.jpg
| alt4 = Jaś i Małgosia
| caption4 = [[:pl:Kamienice Jaś i Małgosia we Wrocławiu|Two houses known as ''Jaś i Małgosia'']] 
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The Old Town of Wrocław is listed in the [[Registry of Objects of Cultural Heritage]] and is, since 1994, on Poland's prestigious list of [[List of Historic Monuments (Poland)|National Monuments]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nid.pl/pl/Informacje_ogolne/Zabytki_w_Polsce/Pomniki_historii/Lista_miejsc/miejsce.php?ID=320|title=Wrocław – zespół historycznego centrum|website=www.nid.pl|access-date=7 December 2020|archive-date=20 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020090809/https://www.nid.pl/pl/Informacje_ogolne/Zabytki_w_Polsce/Pomniki_historii/Lista_miejsc/miejsce.php?ID=320|url-status=dead}}</ref> Several architectural landmarks and edifices are one of the best examples of [[Brick Gothic]] and [[Baroque architecture|Baroque]] architecture in the country.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://atrakcje-wroclawia.pl.tl/%26%239679%3B-Barok.htm|title=Atrakcje Wrocławia – ● Barok|accessdate=26 March 2023|archive-date=1 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201183400/https://atrakcje-wroclawia.pl.tl/%26%239679%3B-Barok.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> Fine examples of [[Neoclassical architecture|Neoclassicism]], {{Lang|de|[[Gründerzeit]]}} and [[Historicism]] are also scattered across the city's central precinct. The [[Wrocław Opera|Wrocław Opera House]], [[Monopol Hotel]], [[:pl:Gmach Biblioteki Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego przy ul. Karola Szajnochy we Wrocławiu|University Library]], [[Ossolineum]], the [[National Museum, Wrocław|National Museum]] and the [[castle]]-like District Court are among some of the grandest and most recognizable historic structures. There are several examples of [[Art Nouveau]] and [[Modernist architecture|Modernism]] in pre-war retail establishments such as the [[Barasch Brothers' Department Store|Barasch-Feniks]], [[:pl:Dom Handlowy Kameleon|Petersdorff-Kameleon]] and [[Renoma (Wrocław)|Renoma]] department stores.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://issuu.com/polandinyourpocket/docs/wroclaw_43_web/s/22450|title=Modernism & Beyond Wrocław's 20th-Century Architecture|website=issuu|access-date=7 December 2020|archive-date=9 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220409112149/https://issuu.com/polandinyourpocket/docs/wroclaw_43_web/s/22450|url-status=live}}</ref>

The [[Ostrów Tumski in Wrocław|Ostrów Tumski]] (Cathedral Island) is the oldest section of the city; it was once an isolated islet between the branches of the Oder River. The [[Wrocław Cathedral]], one of the tallest churches in Poland, was erected in the mid 10th century and later expanded over the next hundreds of years. The island is also home to five other Christian temples and churches, the [[:pl:Pałac arcybiskupi we Wrocławiu|Archbishop's Palace]], the Archdiocese Museum, a 9.5-metre 18th-century monument dedicated to Saint [[John of Nepomuk]], historic tenements and the steel [[Tumski Bridge]] from 1889.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://visitwroclaw.eu/en/tumski-bridge-for-repair-padlocks-will-disappear|title=Tumski Bridge for repair – padlocks will disappear|website=VisitWroclaw.eu|access-date=7 December 2020|archive-date=18 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210918235708/https://visitwroclaw.eu/en/tumski-bridge-for-repair-padlocks-will-disappear|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://voxvratislaviensia.eu/wroclawskie-nepomuki-pomniki-jana-nepomucena-w-nadodrzanskim-wroclawiu/|title=Wrocławskie Nepomuki – pomniki Jana Nepomucena w nadodrzańskim Wrocławiu|first=Grzegorz|last=Sobczak|date=7 December 2018|access-date=7 December 2020|archive-date=29 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201229162716/http://voxvratislaviensia.eu/wroclawskie-nepomuki-pomniki-jana-nepomucena-w-nadodrzanskim-wroclawiu/|url-status=live}}</ref> A notable attraction are 102 original [[gas lighting|gas lanterns]] which are manually lit each evening by a cloaked [[lamplighter]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://wroclaw.wyborcza.pl/wroclaw/7,35771,24419482,latarnik-codziennie-zapala-i-gasi-102-latarnie-gazowe-na-ostrowie.html?disableRedirects=true|title=Wyborcza.pl|website=wroclaw.wyborcza.pl|access-date=7 December 2020|archive-date=28 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210728201745/https://wroclaw.wyborcza.pl/wroclaw/7,35771,24419482,latarnik-codziennie-zapala-i-gasi-102-latarnie-gazowe-na-ostrowie.html?disableRedirects=true|url-status=live}}</ref>

The early 13th-century Main Market Square (Rynek) is the oldest medieval public square in Poland, and also one of the largest (the area of the main square together with the auxiliary square is 48,500 m²).<ref name="polskazachwyca">{{cite web|url=https://polskazachwyca.pl/top-10/najciekawsze-rynki-w-polsce-top-10/|title=Najciekawsze rynki w Polsce – Top 10 rekordów|first=Weronika|last=Skupin|date=5 April 2018|access-date=7 December 2020|archive-date=30 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130051936/https://polskazachwyca.pl/top-10/najciekawsze-rynki-w-polsce-top-10/|url-status=live}}</ref> It features the ornate Gothic [[Wrocław Town Hall|Old Town Hall]], the oldest of its kind in the country.<ref name="polskazachwyca"/> In the north-west corner of the square is [[St. Elisabeth's Church, Wrocław|St. Elisabeth's Church]] (Bazylika Św. Elżbiety) with its 91.5-metre-high tower and an observation deck at an altitude of 75 metres. Beneath the basilica are two small medieval houses connected by an arched gate that once led into a [[churchyard]]; these were reshaped into their current form in the 1700s. Today, the two connected buildings are known to the city's residents as "Jaś i Małgosia", named after the children's fairy tale characters from [[Hansel and Gretel]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.globtroterek.com/kamieniczki-jas-i-malgosia-we-wroclawiu/|title=Jaś i Małgosia Wrocław – kamieniczki mające ponad 500 lat|date=15 October 2018|access-date=7 December 2020|archive-date=15 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115140923/https://www.globtroterek.com/kamieniczki-jas-i-malgosia-we-wroclawiu/|url-status=live}}</ref> North of the church are so-called "[[Slaughterhouse|shambles]]" (Polish: ''jatki''), a former meat market with a [[:pl:Pomnik Pamięci Zwierząt Rzeźnych|Monument of Remembrance for Slaughtered Animals]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Jatki (The Shambles)|url=https://visitwroclaw.eu/en/place/jatki-the-shambles-wroclaw|access-date=2020-11-28|website=VisitWroclaw.eu|archive-date=24 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124055848/https://visitwroclaw.eu/en/place/jatki-the-shambles-wroclaw|url-status=live}}</ref> The Salt Square (now a flower market) opened in 1242 is located at the south-western corner of the Market Square – close to the square, between Szewska and Łaciarska streets, is the domeless 13th-century [[St. Mary Magdalene Church (Wrocław)|St. Mary Magdalene Church]], which during the [[Reformation]] (1523) was converted into Wrocław's first Protestant temple.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tuwroclaw.com/wiadomosci,odkrywamy-wroclaw-kosciol-sw-marii-magdaleny,wia5-3266-10068.html|title=Odkrywamy Wrocław: Kościół św. Marii Magdaleny|website=www.tuwroclaw.com|access-date=7 December 2020|archive-date=9 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220409112148/https://www.tuwroclaw.com/wiadomosci,odkrywamy-wroclaw-kosciol-sw-marii-magdaleny,wia5-3266-10068.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

The [[Cathedral of St. Vincent and St. James, Wrocław|Cathedral of St. Vincent and St. James]] and the [[Collegiate Church of the Holy Cross and St. Bartholomew, Wrocław|Holy Cross and St. Bartholomew's Collegiate Church]] are burial sites of [[List of Polish monarchs|Polish monarchs]], [[Henry II the Pious]] and [[Henry IV Probus]], respectively.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://medievalis.przewodnikwroclaw.eu/2017/01/tajemnica-pewnego-pochowku/|title=Tajemnica pewnego pochówku – Medievalis|website=medievalis.przewodnikwroclaw.eu|access-date=7 December 2020|archive-date=30 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230145404/https://medievalis.przewodnikwroclaw.eu/2017/01/tajemnica-pewnego-pochowku/|url-status=live}}</ref>

The ''Pan Tadeusz Museum'', open since May 2016, is located in the "House under the Golden Sun" at 6 Market Square. The manuscript of the national [[Epic poem|epos]], ''[[Pan Tadeusz]]'', is housed there as part of the [[Ossolineum|Ossolineum National Institute]], with multimedia and interactive educational opportunities.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pan Tadeusz Museum|url=https://visitwroclaw.eu/en/place/pan-tadeusz-museum|access-date=2020-11-28|website=VisitWroclaw.eu|archive-date=31 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201231122556/https://visitwroclaw.eu/en/place/pan-tadeusz-museum|url-status=dead}}</ref>