Editing Whistleblowing (section)

===United Kingdom===
{{Main|Public Interest Disclosure Act 1998}}
Whistleblowing in the United Kingdom is protected by the [[Public Interest Disclosure Act 1998]] (PIDA). Amongst other things, under the Act protected disclosures are permitted even if a [[non-disclosure agreement]] has been signed between the employer and the former or current employee; a consultation on further restricting confidentiality clauses was held in 2019.<ref name=consult>{{Cite web|url=https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/783011/confidentiality-clauses-consultation.pdf|title=Consultation on Confidentiality Clauses|website=UK [[Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy]]|date=March 2019}}</ref>

The [[Freedom to Speak Up Review]] sets out 20 principles to bring about improvements to help whistleblowers in the [[National Health Service|NHS]], including:
* Culture of raising concerns&nbsp;– to make raising issues a part of the normal routine business of a well-led NHS organization.
* Culture free from bullying&nbsp;– freedom of staff to speak out relies on staff being able to work in a culture which is free from bullying.
* Training&nbsp;– every member of staff should receive training in their trust's approach to raising concerns and in receiving and acting on them.
* Support&nbsp;– all NHS trusts should ensure there is a dedicated person to whom concerns can be easily reported and without formality, a "speak up guardian".
* Support to find alternative employment in the NHS&nbsp;– where a worker who has raised a concern cannot, as a result, continue their role, the NHS should help them seek an alternative job.

[[Monitor (NHS)|Monitor]] produced a whistleblowing policy in November 2015 that all NHS organizations in England are obliged to follow. It explicitly says that anyone bullying or acting against a whistleblower could be potentially liable to disciplinary action.<ref>{{cite news|title=Monitor to reveal national whistleblowing policy|url=http://www.hsj.co.uk/topics/workforce/exclusive-monitor-to-reveal-national-whistleblowing-policy/7000188.article|access-date=18 December 2015|publisher=Health Service Journal|date=16 November 2015}}</ref> An observational and interviewed-based study of more than 80 Guardians found that a lack of resources, especially time, reduced their ability to respond to concerns, and to analyse and learn from data. Guardians struggled to develop their role, and create a more positive culture in which staff felt free to voice concerns. Guardians found their role stressful and received little psychological support and as a result many did not intend to stay in their role for long.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Jones |first1=Aled |last2=Maben |first2=Jill |last3=Adams |first3=Mary |last4=Mannion |first4=Russell |last5=Banks |first5=Carys |last6=Blake |first6=Joanne |last7=Job |first7=Kathleen |last8=Kelly |first8=Daniel |date=2022-08-15 |title=Implementation of 'Freedom to Speak Up Guardians' in NHS acute and mental health trusts in England: the FTSUG mixed-methods study |url=https://www.journalslibrary.nihr.ac.uk/hsdr/GUWS9067/ |journal=Health and Social Care Delivery Research |volume=10 |issue=23 |pages=1–124 |doi=10.3310/GUWS9067|pmid=35995060 |s2cid=251606554 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |date=31 August 2023 |title=Freedom to Speak Up Guardians need more support, study finds |url=https://evidence.nihr.ac.uk/alert/freedom-to-speak-up-guardians-need-more-support-study-finds/ |journal=NIHR Evidence|doi=10.3310/nihrevidence_59584 |s2cid=261453359 }}</ref>