Editing Tuberculosis (section)

=== New onset ===

The recommended treatment of new-onset pulmonary tuberculosis, {{as of|2010|lc=yes}}, is six months of a combination of antibiotics containing rifampicin, isoniazid, [[pyrazinamide]], and [[ethambutol]] for the first two months, and only rifampicin and isoniazid for the last four months.<ref name="Lawn-2011" /> Where resistance to isoniazid is high, ethambutol may be added for the last four months as an alternative.<ref name="Lawn-2011" /> Treatment with anti-TB drugs for at least 6 months results in higher success rates when compared with treatment less than 6 months, even though the difference is small. Shorter treatment regimen may be recommended for those with compliance issues.<ref name="Gelband_1999">{{cite journal | vauthors = Gelband H | title = Regimens of less than six months for treating tuberculosis | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | issue = 2 | pages = CD001362 | date = 25 October 1999 | volume = 1999 | pmid = 10796641 | pmc = 6532732 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD001362 | collaboration = Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group }}</ref> There is also no evidence to support shorter anti-tuberculosis treatment regimens when compared to a 6-month treatment regimen.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Grace AG, Mittal A, Jain S, Tripathy JP, Satyanarayana S, Tharyan P, Kirubakaran R | title = Shortened treatment regimens versus the standard regimen for drug-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | volume = 12 | pages = CD012918 | date = December 2019 | issue = 12 | pmid = 31828771 | pmc = 6953336 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD012918.pub2 | collaboration = Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group }}</ref> However, results presented in 2020 from an international, randomized, controlled clinical trial indicate that a four-month daily treatment regimen containing high-dose, or "optimized", rifapentine with moxifloxacin (2PHZM/2PHM) is as safe and effective as the existing standard six-month daily regimen at curing drug-susceptible tuberculosis (TB) disease.<ref>{{cite web |title=Landmark TB Trial Identifies Shorter-Course Treatment Regimen |url=https://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/newsroom/2020/landmark-tb-trial-media-statement.html |website=CDC |date=20 October 2020 |publisher=NCHHSTP Media Team Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |access-date=27 November 2021 |archive-date=27 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211127171700/https://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/newsroom/2020/landmark-tb-trial-media-statement.html |url-status=live }}</ref>