Editing Swastika (section)

===Modern adoptions===

A ''[[ugunskrusts]]'' ('fire cross') is used by the [[Baltic neopaganism]] movements [[Dievturība]] in Latvia and [[Romuva (religion)|Romuva]] in Lithuania.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://medium.com/@subhashkak1/romuva-and-the-vedic-gods-of-lithuania-3aae469ff2f1|title=Romuva and the Vedic Gods of Lithuania|last=Kak|first=Subhash|date=2018-07-09|website=Subhash Kak|access-date=2018-11-08}}</ref>

In the early 1990s, the former dissident and one of the founders of Russian neo-paganism [[Alexey Dobrovolsky]] first gave the name "kolovrat" ({{langx|ru|link=no|коловрат}}, literally 'spinning wheel') to a four-beam swastika, identical to the Nazi symbol, and later transferred this name to an eight-beam rectangular swastika.<ref>''[[Alexey Dobrovolsky|Dobroslav]]''. Природные корни русского национального социализма // Russkaya Pravda. 1996. Спецвыпуск No.&nbsp;1 (3). С. 3.</ref> According to the historian and religious scholar Roman Shizhensky, Dobrovolsky took the idea of the swastika from the work "The Chronicle of [[Oera Linda Book|Oera Linda]]"<ref>{{cite book|last= Wirth|first= Herman|author-link= Herman Wirth|date= 2007|title= Хроника Ура-Линда. Древнейшая история Европы |trans-title=Chronicle of Ura-Linda. Ancient history of Europe |location= Moscow|publisher= Вече|page= 454|isbn=|language=ru}}</ref> by the Nazi ideologist [[Herman Wirth]], the first head of the [[Ahnenerbe]].<ref name="Shizhensky 2012">{{cite web |last=Shizhensky |first=Roman |date= 2012 |title=Роман Шиженский: Опыт сравнительного анализа текстов А.А. Добровольскогои Г.Ф. Вирта (к вопросу об источниковой базе российских неоязычников) |trans-title=The experience of comparative analysis of the texts of A. A. Dobrovolsky and G. F. Wirth (to the question of the source base of Russian neo-pagans) |url= http://www.mesoeurasia.org/archives/8604 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160221091003/http://www.mesoeurasia.org/archives/8604 |archive-date=2016-02-21 |language=ru}}</ref>
Dobrovolsky introduced the eight-beam "kolovrat" as a symbol of "resurgent paganism."<ref>{{cite book |last= Kavykin |first= Oleg |date= 2007 |title= "Rodnovery". Self-identification of neo-pagans in modern Russia |url= http://www.inafran.ru/sites/default/files/page_file/rodnoveri.pdf |location= Moscow |publisher= Institute for African Studies RAS |page= 232 |isbn=978-5-91298-017-6 |language=ru}}</ref> He considered this version of the Kolovrat a pagan sign of the sun and, in 1996, declared it a symbol of the uncompromising "national liberation struggle" against the "[[Zhyd]] yoke".<ref>{{cite book |last=Dobrovolsky |first=Alexey Alexandrovich |title= Природные корни русского национального социализма |trans-title=The Natural Roots of Russian National Socialism |publisher=[[Russkaya Pravda]] |year=1996 |language=ru}}</ref> According to Dobrovolsky, the meaning of the "kolovrat" completely coincides with the meaning of the Nazi swastika.<ref>{{cite book |last= Schnirelmann |first= Victor |author-link= Victor Schnirelmann |date= 2015 |title= Aryan myth in the modern world |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=Aa8qCwAAQBAJ |location= |publisher= New literary review |page= |isbn=978-5-4448-0422-3 |language=ru}}</ref>
The ''kolovrat'' is the most commonly used religious symbol within neopagan [[Slavic Native Faith]] (a.k.a. Rodnovery).<ref>{{cite journal  |surname=Schnirelmann |given=Victor A. |date=2000 |title=Perun, Svarog and Others: Russian Neo-Paganism in Search of Itself |journal=The Cambridge Journal of Anthropology |volume=21 |number=3 |page=25 |jstor=23818709}}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia |surname1=Pilkington |given1=Hilary |surname2=Popov |given2=Anton |date=2009 |contribution=Understanding Neo-paganism in Russia: Religion? Ideology? Philosophy? Fantasy? |title=Subcultures and New Religious Movements in Russia and East-Central Europe |editor=George McKay |page=282 |publisher=Peter Lang |isbn=978-3-03911-921-9}}</ref>

In 2005, authorities in Tajikistan called for the widespread adoption of the swastika as a national [[symbol]]. President [[Emomali Rahmonov]] declared the swastika an [[Aryan]] symbol, and 2006 "the year of Aryan culture", which would be a time to "study and popularise Aryan contributions to the history of the world civilisation, raise a new generation (of Tajiks) with the spirit of national self-determination, and develop deeper ties with other ethnicities and cultures".<ref>{{cite web|last=Saidazimova |first=Gulnoza |url=http://www.rferl.org/featuresarticle/2005/12/27f36005-4b37-4ada-87e0-034f33867c8e.html |title=Tajikistan: Officials Say Swastika Part Of Their Aryan Heritage – Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty © 2008 |publisher=Rferl.org |date=23 December 2005 |access-date=2 March 2010}}</ref>

<gallery>
File:Fire Cross (Ugunskrusts).svg|The Baltic fire-cross
File:Kolovrat (Коловрат) Swastika (Свастика) - Rodnovery.svg|{{langx|pl|Słoneczko}} ("little sun"); ''kolovrat'' ("[[spinning wheel]]")
File:Kolovrat.svg|A kolovrat flag, introduced by [[Alexey Dobrovolsky]]
</gallery>