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== References == === Citations === {{Reflist|refs= <ref name="Adams1915">{{cite journal | bibcode=1915PASP...27..236A | title=The Spectrum of the Companion of Sirius | first=W. S. | last=Adams | journal=Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific | volume=27 |issue=161 |date=December 1915 | pages=236–237 | doi=10.1086/122440 | s2cid=122478459 | doi-access= }}</ref> <ref name=JDavis2010>{{cite journal | title=The Angular Diameter and Fundamental Parameters of Sirius A | last=Davis |first=J. |display-authors=etal | journal=Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia | volume=28 |date=October 2010 | doi=10.1071/AS10010 | pages=58–65 |arxiv=1010.3790 }}</ref> <ref name="Adelman2004">{{cite conference | first=Saul J. | last=Adelman | title=The Physical Properties of normal A stars | book-title=Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union | pages=1–11 | publisher=Cambridge University Press | date= 8–13 July 2004 | volume=2004 | location=Poprad, Slovakia | bibcode=2004IAUS..224....1A |doi = 10.1017/S1743921304004314 | doi-access=free }}</ref> <ref name="Agrippa1533">{{cite book |first=Cornelius |last=Agrippa |date=1992 |orig-date=First published 1531 |editor1-last=Oberman |editor1-first=Heiko A. |editor2-last=Chadwick |editor2-first=Henry |editor3-last=Pelikan |editor3-first=Jaroslav |editor4-last=Tierney |editor4-first=Brian |editor5-last=Vanderjagt |editor5-first=A.J. |title=De Occulta Philosophia |trans-title=Studies in the History of Christian Thought |language=la |publisher=E.J. Brill |isbn=90-04-09421-0}}</ref> <ref name="Aitken1942">{{cite journal | last=Aitken | first=R. G. | date=1942 | title=Edmund Halley and Stellar Proper Motions | journal=Astronomical Society of the Pacific Leaflets | volume=4 | issue=164 | pages=103–112 | bibcode=1942ASPL....4..103A }}</ref> <ref name="Allen1899">{{cite book | first=Richard Allen | last=Hinckley | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5xQuAAAAIAAJ | title=Star-names and Their Meanings | publisher=G. E. Stechert | location=New York | date=1899 | pages=117–129}}</ref> <ref name="Angrum2005">{{cite web | last=Angrum | first=Andrea | date=25 August 2005 | url =http://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/mission/interstellar.html | title=Interstellar Mission | publisher=NASA/JPL | access-date=7 May 2007}}</ref> <ref name="Araujo2009">{{cite web|first=Paulo Araújo |last=Duarte |title=Astronomia na Bandeira Brasileira |publisher=Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina |url=http://www.cfh.ufsc.br/~planetar/textos/astroban.htm |access-date=9 July 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080502120005/http://www.cfh.ufsc.br/~planetar/textos/astroban.htm |archive-date=2 May 2008 }}</ref> <ref name="Aufdenberg2006">{{cite journal | last1=Aufdenberg | first1=J.P. | last2=Ridgway | first2=S.T. | title=First results from the CHARA Array: VII. Long-Baseline Interferometric Measurements of Vega Consistent with a Pole-On, Rapidly Rotating Star? | journal=Astrophysical Journal | date=2006 | volume=645 | issue=1 | pages=664–675 | url=http://www.chara.gsu.edu/CHARA/Papers/Paper6.pdf | access-date=9 November 2007 | doi=10.1086/504149 | bibcode=2006ApJ...645..664A | arxiv=astro-ph/0603327 | s2cid=13501650 | display-authors=etal | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070715181809/http://www.chara.gsu.edu/CHARA/Papers/Paper6.pdf | archive-date=15 July 2007 }}</ref> <ref name="Backman1986">{{cite conference | first=D. E. | last=Backman | editor=Gillett, F. C. |editor2=Low, F. J. | title=IRAS observations of nearby main sequence stars and modeling of excess infrared emission | book-title=Proceedings, 6th Topical Meetings and Workshop on Cosmic Dust and Space Debris | publisher=COSPAR and IAF | date=30 June – 11 July 1986 | volume=6 | issue=7 | pages=43–46 | location=Toulouse, France | bibcode=1986AdSpR...6...43B | issn=0273-1177 |doi = 10.1016/0273-1177(86)90209-7 }}</ref> <ref name="Baker1977">{{cite book | first=Douglas | last=Baker | date=1977 | title=The Seven Rays: Key to the Mysteries | location=Wellingborough, Herts. | isbn=0-87728-377-X | publisher=Aquarian Press }}</ref> <ref name="Barstow2005">{{cite journal |author1=Barstow, M. A. |author2=Bond, Howard E. |author3=Holberg, J. B. |author4=Burleigh, M. R. |author5=Hubeny, I. |author6=Koester, D. | title=Hubble Space Telescope spectroscopy of the Balmer lines in Sirius B | journal=[[Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society]] | date=2005 | volume=362 | issue=4 | pages=1134–1142 | bibcode=2005MNRAS.362.1134B | doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09359.x |doi-access=free |arxiv = astro-ph/0506600 |s2cid=4607496 }}</ref> <ref name="Benest1995">{{cite journal | author1=Benest, D. | author2=Duvent, J. L. | title=Is Sirius a triple star? | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics |date=July 1995 | volume=299 | pages=621–628 | bibcode=1995A&A...299..621B }} – For the instability of an orbit around Sirius B, see § 3.2.</ref> <ref name="Bessel1844">{{cite journal | bibcode=1844MNRAS...6R.136B | title=On the Variations of the Proper Motions of ''Procyon'' and ''Sirius'' | journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | volume=6 | issue=11 |date=December 1844 | pages=136–141 | doi=10.1093/mnras/6.11.136a| last1=Bessel | first1=F. W. | doi-access=free }}</ref> <ref name="BonnetBidaud2008">{{cite journal |author1=Bonnet-Bidaud, J. M. |author2=Pantin, E. | title=ADONIS high contrast infrared imaging of Sirius-B | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=489 | issue=2 | pages=651–655 |date=October 2008 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20078937 | arxiv=0809.4871 | bibcode=2008A&A...489..651B|s2cid=14743554 }}</ref> <ref name="Braganca2003">{{cite web | last=Bragança | first=Pedro | date=15 July 2003 | url=http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/brightest_stars_030715-1.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090616051842/http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/brightest_stars_030715-1.html |archive-date= 16 June 2009 | title=The 10 Brightest Stars | publisher=SPACE.com | access-date=4 August 2006}}</ref> <ref name="Brosch2008-21">{{harvard citation no brackets|Brosch|2008|p=21}}</ref> <ref name="Brosch2008-33">{{harvard citation no brackets|Brosch|2008|p=33}}</ref> <ref name="Brosch2008-126">{{harvard citation no brackets|Brosch|2008|p=126}}</ref> <ref name="Ceragioli1995">{{cite journal | last=Ceragioli | first=R. C. | title=The Debate Concerning 'Red' Sirius | journal=Journal for the History of Astronomy | date=1995 | volume=26 | issue=3 | pages=187–226 | bibcode=1995JHA....26..187C | doi=10.1177/002182869502600301 | s2cid=117111146 }}</ref> <ref name="Croswell2005">{{cite web | url=http://www.astronomy.com/asy/default.aspx?c=a&id=3391 | title=The life and times of Sirius B | first=Ken | last=Croswell | work=astronomy.com | date=27 July 2005 | access-date=19 October 2007}}</ref> <ref name="Daintith1994">{{cite book | date=1994 | first1=John | last1=Daintith | last2=Mitchell |first2=Sarah |last3=Tootill |first3=Elizabeth |last4=Gjertsen |first4=D. | title=Biographical Encyclopedia of Scientists | page=442 | publisher=CRC Press | isbn=0-7503-0287-9 }}</ref> <ref name="Darling">{{cite encyclopedia | last=Darling | first=David | url=http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/W/Winter_Triangle.html | title=Winter Triangle | encyclopedia=The Internet Encyclopedia of Science | access-date=20 October 2007}}</ref> <ref name="Dictionary.com">{{cite web | url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/sirius | title=Sirius | work=Dictionary.com Unabridged (v 1.1) | publisher=Random House, Inc | access-date=6 April 2008}}</ref> <ref name="Eggen1992">{{cite journal | last=Eggen | first=Olin J. | title=The Sirius supercluster in the FK5 | journal=Astronomical Journal | date=1992 | volume=104 | issue=4 | pages=1493–1504 | bibcode=1992AJ....104.1493E | doi=10.1086/116334 }}</ref> <ref name="Espenak-Mars">{{cite web | last=Espenak | first=Fred | url=http://sunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov/eclipse/TYPE/mars2.html | title=Mars Ephemeris | work=Twelve Year Planetary Ephemeris: 1995–2006, NASA Reference Publication 1349 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130217093743/http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/TYPE/mars2.html | archive-date=17 February 2013 }}</ref> <ref name="Flammarion1877">{{Cite journal |last=Flammarion |first=Camille |date=August 1877 |title=The Companion of Sirius |journal=The Astronomical Register |volume=15 |issue=176 |pages=186–189 |bibcode=1877AReg...15..186F}}</ref> <ref name="Frommert2003">{{cite web | last1=Frommert | first1=Hartmut | last2=Kronberg |first2=Christine | date=26 April 2003 | url=http://seds.lpl.arizona.edu/Messier/xtra/ngc/uma-cl.html | title=The Ursa Major Moving Cluster, Collinder 285 | publisher=SEDS | access-date=22 November 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071220045208/http://seds.lpl.arizona.edu/Messier/xtra/ngc/uma-cl.html|archive-date=20 December 2007}}</ref> <ref name="Guardian2005">{{Cite news |last=Service |first=Tom |author-link=Tom Service |date=13 October 2005 |title=Beam Me up, Stocky |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2005/oct/13/classicalmusicandopera |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> <ref name="Hanbury1958">{{cite journal | last1=Hanbury Brown | first1=R. | last2=Twiss | first2=R. Q. | title=Interferometry of the Intensity Fluctuations in Light. IV. A Test of an Intensity Interferometer on Sirius A | journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society of London | date=1958 | volume=248 | issue=1253 | pages=222–237 | bibcode=1958RSPSA.248..222B | doi=10.1098/rspa.1958.0240 |s2cid=124546373 }}</ref> <ref name="Henshaw1984">{{cite journal | first=C. | last=Henshaw | title=On the Visibility of Sirius in Daylight | journal=Journal of the British Astronomical Association | date=1984 | volume=94 | issue=5 | pages=221–222 | bibcode=1984JBAA...94..221H }}</ref> <ref name="Hoffleit1991">{{cite book | chapter-url=http://vizier.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-S?HR%202491 | chapter=Entry for HR 2491 | title=Bright Star Catalogue|edition= 5th Revised Ed. (Preliminary Version) |last1=Hoffleit|first1=D. | last2=Warren|first2= W. H. Jr. | date=1991 | publisher=[[Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg|CDS]] | url=http://vizier.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/Cat?V/50|bibcode= 1991bsc..book.....H}}</ref> <ref name="Holberg1998">{{cite journal | last=Holberg | first=J. B. | author2=Barstow, M. A. | author3=Bruhweiler, F. C. | author4=Cruise, A. M. | author5=Penny, A. J. | title=Sirius B: A New, More Accurate View | journal=The Astrophysical Journal | date=1998 | volume=497 | issue=2 | pages=935–942 | doi=10.1086/305489 | bibcode=1998ApJ...497..935H | doi-access=free }}</ref> <ref name="Holberg2004">{{cite journal | last1=Holberg | first1=J. B. | last2=Barstow | first2=M. A. | last3=Burleigh | first3=M. R. | last4=Kruk | first4=J. W. | last5=Hubeny | first5=I. | last6=Koester | first6=D. | title=FUSE observations of Sirius B | journal=Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society | date=2004 | volume=36 | page=1514 | bibcode=2004AAS...20510303H }}</ref> <ref name="Holberg2005">{{cite journal | last=Holberg | first=J. B. | title=How Degenerate Stars Came to be Known as White Dwarfs | journal=Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society | date=2005 | volume=37 | issue=2 | page=1503 | bibcode=2005AAS...20720501H }}</ref> <ref name="Holberg2007-xi">{{harvard citation no brackets|Holberg|2007|p=xi}}</ref> <ref name="Holberg2007-4-5">{{harvard citation no brackets|Holberg|2007|pp=4–5}}</ref> <ref name="Holberg2007-15-16">{{harvard citation no brackets|Holberg|2007|pp=15–16}}</ref> <ref name="Holberg2007-16-17">{{harvard citation no brackets|Holberg|2007|pp=16–17}}</ref> <ref name="Holberg2007-19">{{harvard citation no brackets|Holberg|2007|p=19}}</ref> <ref name="Holberg2007-20">{{harvard citation no brackets|Holberg|2007|p=20}}</ref> <ref name="Holberg2007-22">{{harvard citation no brackets|Holberg|2007|p=22}}</ref> <ref name="Holberg2007-23">{{harvard citation no brackets|Holberg|2007|p=23}}</ref> <ref name="Holberg2007-24">{{harvard citation no brackets|Holberg|2007|p=24}}</ref> <ref name="Holberg2007-25">{{harvard citation no brackets|Holberg|2007|p=25}}</ref> <ref name="Holberg2007-25-26">{{harvard citation no brackets|Holberg|2007|pp=25–26}}</ref> <ref name="Holberg2007-32">{{harvard citation no brackets|Holberg|2007|p=32}}</ref> <ref name="Holberg2007-41-42">{{harvard citation no brackets|Holberg|2007|pp=41–42}}</ref> <ref name="Holberg2007-45">{{harvard citation no brackets|Holberg|2007|p=45}}</ref> <ref name="Holberg2007-82">{{harvard citation no brackets|Holberg|2007|p=82}}</ref> <ref name="Holberg2007-157">{{harvard citation no brackets|Holberg|2007|p=157}}</ref> <ref name="Holberg2007-158">{{harvard citation no brackets|Holberg|2007|p=158}}</ref> <ref name="Holberg2007-161">{{harvard citation no brackets|Holberg|2007|p=161}}</ref> <ref name="Holberg2007-162">{{harvard citation no brackets|Holberg|2007|p=162}}</ref> <ref name="Holberg2007-163">{{harvard citation no brackets|Holberg|2007|p=163}}</ref> <ref name="Holberg2007-214">{{harvard citation no brackets|Holberg|2007|p=214}}</ref> <ref name="Holberg2007-184–189">{{harvard citation no brackets|Holberg|2007|p=184–189}}</ref> <ref name="Homer">{{cite book | last=Homer | date=1997 | others=Trans. 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Measurement of v sin i in the southern hemisphere | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | arxiv=astro-ph/0110490 | date=2002 | volume=381 | issue=1 | pages=105–121 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20011422 | bibcode=2002A&A...381..105R| s2cid=13133418 }}</ref> <ref name="Schaaf2008">{{cite book | first=Fred | last=Schaaf | title=The Brightest Stars | location=Hoboken, New Jersey | publisher=John Wiley & Sons | date=2008 | page=94 | isbn=978-0-471-70410-2 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LvnNFyPAQyUC&pg=PA94}}</ref> <ref name="Schlosser1985">{{cite journal |author1=Schlosser, W. |author2=Bergmann, W. |date=November 1985 | title=An early-medieval account on the red colour of Sirius and its astrophysical implications | journal=Nature | issue=6041 | pages=45–46 | doi=10.1038/318045a0 | volume=318|bibcode = 1985Natur.318...45S |s2cid=4323130 }}</ref> <ref name="Siess2000">{{cite web | last=Siess | first=Lionel | date=2000 | url = http://www.astro.ulb.ac.be/~siess/WWWTools/Isochrones|title = Computation of Isochrones | publisher = Institut d'Astronomie et d'Astrophysique, Université libre de Bruxelles| access-date=24 March 2007}}</ref> <ref name="SIMBADa">{{cite web | url= http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=name+sirius+a |title= Sirius A |work = SIMBAD Astronomical Database|publisher=Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg |access-date = 20 October 2007}}</ref> <ref name="SIMBADb">{{cite web | url= http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=name+sirius+b |title= Sirius B |work = SIMBAD Astronomical Database|publisher=Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg |access-date =23 October 2007}}</ref> <ref name="SolStation">{{cite web | url=http://www.solstation.com/stars/sirius2.htm|title = Sirius 2 | publisher = SolStation | access-date = 4 August 2006}}</ref> <ref name="Spahn1996">{{cite book |author1=Spahn, Mark |author2=Hadamitzky, Wolfgang |author3=Fujie-Winter, Kimiko | title=The Kanji dictionary | page=724 | series=Tuttle language library | date=1996 | publisher=Tuttle Publishing | isbn=0-8048-2058-9 }}</ref> <!-- <ref name="Staff2007">{{cite web | date=2007 | url=http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9067991/Sirius | title=Sirius | publisher=Britannica Online Encyclopedia | access-date=10 September 2007}}</ref> --> <ref name="Stargazers2000">{{cite web | url=http://www.stargazers.iinet.net.au/Canismajor.htm | date=2000 | title=Stories from the Stars | publisher=Stargazers Astronomy Shop | access-date=17 December 2008 | archive-date=29 March 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200329024352/http://www.stargazers.iinet.net.au/Canismajor.htm | url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name="Todd2006">{{cite web|last=Henry |first=Todd J. |date=1 July 2006 |url=http://www.chara.gsu.edu/RECONS/TOP100.posted.htm |title=The One Hundred Nearest Star Systems |publisher=RECONS |access-date=4 August 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513202710/http://www.chara.gsu.edu/RECONS/TOP100.posted.htm |archive-date=13 May 2012 }}</ref> <!-- <ref name="tom1977">{{cite web | date = 9 July 2012 | url = http://www.qtafsir.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1679&Itemid=109 | title = Tafsir Ibn Kathir | access-date = 9 February 2012 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130121233818/http://www.qtafsir.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1679&Itemid=109 | archive-date = 21 January 2013 | url-status = dead }}</ref> --> <ref name="Tyson1993">{{cite book | first1=Donald | last1=Tyson | date=1993 | last2=Freake |first2=James | title=Three Books of Occult Philosophy | publisher=Llewellyn Worldwide | isbn=0-87542-832-0 }}</ref> <ref name="VanGent1987">{{cite journal | last=van Gent |first=R. H. |date=January 1987 | title=The colour of Sirius in the sixth century | journal=Nature | issue=325 | pages=87–89 | doi=10.1038/325087b0 | volume=318 |bibcode = 1987Natur.325...87V |s2cid=186243165 }}</ref> <ref name="Wendorf2001">{{cite book | first=Fred | last=Wendorf |author2=Schild, Romuald | date=2001 | title=Holocene Settlement of the Egyptian Sahara: Volume 1, The Archaeology of Nabta Plain | page=500 | publisher=Springer | isbn=0-306-46612-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qUk0GyDJRCoC&pg=PP1| format=Google Book Search preview}}</ref> <ref name="Whittet1999">{{cite journal | last=Whittet |first=D. C. B. | title=A physical interpretation of the 'red Sirius' anomaly | journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | date=1999 | volume=310 | issue=2 | pages=355–359 | bibcode=1999MNRAS.310..355W|doi=10.1046/j.1365-8711.1999.02975.x | doi-access=free }}</ref> <ref name=craig>{{cite web | last1=Craig |first1=John |last2=Gravatt |first2=William |last3=Slater |first3=Thomas |last4=Rennie |first4=George | title=The Craig Telescope | work=craig-telescope.co.uk | url=http://www.craig-telescope.co.uk/lens.html | access-date=3 January 2011}}</ref> <ref name=auriere2010>{{cite journal | title=No detection of large-scale magnetic fields at the surfaces of Am and HgMn stars | last=Aurière |first=M. |display-authors=etal | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=523 |date=November 2010 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201014848 | bibcode=2010A&A...523A..40A | pages=A40 |arxiv = 1008.3086 | s2cid=118643022 }}</ref> <ref name="petit2011">{{Cite journal |last1=Petit |first1=P. |last2=Lignières |first2=F. |last3=Aurière |first3=M. |last4=Wade |first4=G. A. |last5=Alina |first5=D. |last6=Ballot |first6=J. |last7=Böhm |first7=T. |last8=Jouve |first8=L. |last9=Oza |first9=A. |last10=Paletou |first10=F. |last11=Théado |first11=S. |display-authors=3 |date=August 2011 |title=Detection of a weak surface magnetic field on Sirius A: are all tepid stars magnetic? |journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics |volume=532 |pages=L13 |arxiv=1106.5363 |bibcode=2011A&A...532L..13P |doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201117573 |issn=0004-6361 |s2cid=119106028}}</ref> <ref name=rydberg1889>{{cite book | first=Viktor | last=Rydberg | date=1889 | title=Teutonic mythology | volume=1 | editor=Rasmus Björn Anderson | publisher=S. Sonnenschein & co | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZHnXAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA610 }}</ref> }} === Bibliography === * {{Cite book |last=Brosch |first=Noah |url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/214308374 |title=Sirius matters |publisher=[[Springer Netherlands]] |year=2008 |isbn=978-1-4020-8318-1 |series=Astrophysics and space science library |volume=354 |location=Dordrecht |pages=185–202 |chapter=Sirius revealed – a synthesis of the information |doi=10.1007/978-1-4020-8319-8_10 |oclc=214308374}} * {{Cite book |last=Holberg |first=Jay Brian |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CEk6SZQK0C0C |title=Sirius: Brightest Diamond in the Night Sky |publisher=[[Springer Publishers|Springer]] |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-387-48941-4 |series=Springer Praxis Books in Popular Astronomy |location=Berlin}}
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