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==Chronology== {{Main|Timeline of the Samnite Wars}} '''First Samnite War (344 to 341 BC) ''' * 343 BC β Start of the First Samnite War. * 342 BC β [[Battle of Mount Gaurus]]. * 341 BC β Rome withdraws from the conflict with the Samnites and enters the [[Latin War]] on the side of the Samnites. '''Second (or Great) Samnite War (326 to 304 BC)''' * 327 BC β The Samnites declared war. * 327 BC β Start of the Roman siege of Neapolis. * 326 BC β Capture of Neapolis ([[Naples]]). * 325 BC β Land of the [[Vestini]] ravaged and two of their towns seized by Romans because they had allied with the Samnites. * 324 BC β Samnites defeated and sued for peace, but granted only a one-year truce. * 324 BC β First Roman operations in [[Daunia]], northern [[Apulia]]. * 321 BC β Roman humiliation at the [[Battle of the Caudine Forks|Caudine Forks]]. * 320 BC β Destruction of Fregellae by the Samnites. * 320 BC β Romans seized [[Lucera|Luceria]] and freed the Romans hostages. * 319 BC β Romans subdued [[Satricum]], which had rebelled and hosted a Samnite garrison. * 318 BC β Samnites sought peace. Rome turned this down. * 318 BC β The Apulian the cities of Teanum and [[Canusium]] submitted to Rome. * 317 BC β Romans seized [[Nerulum]] in Lucania. * 316 BC β Roman besieged [[Saticula]]. * 316 BC β Samnites besieged Plistica. * 315 BC β Samnites seized Plistica. * 315 BC β [[Battle of Lautulae]], Roman defeat * 313 BC β Romans seized [[Nola]]. * 314 BC β Romans destroyed the [[Ausoni]] cities of [[Ausona]], [[Minturnae]] and [[Vescia]]. * 314 BC β Romans defeated Samnites near [[Capua]]. * 314 BC β Romans seized [[Sora, Lazio|Sora]]. * 313 BC β Romans established colonies at [[Suessa Aurunca]], Interamna Sucasina and the island of Pontiae. * 313 BC β Samnites seized Roman garrison at Cluvius, Romans retook it. * 313 BC β Romans sacked [[Bovianum Undecumanorum|Bovianum]]. * 311 BC β Romans defeated Samnites at unspecified location in Samnium. * 311 BC β Beginning of war in [[Etruria]], [[Etruscans]] besieged [[Sutrium]], indecisive battle with Romans. * 311 BC β Romans defeated Etruscans near Sutrium. * 311 BC β Marcus Fabius' expedition through the Cimian Forest. * 310 BC β Romans defeat Etruscans at unspecified location. * 310 BC β The Etruscan cities of [[Perusia]] and [[Cortona]] and [[Arretium]] sued for peace and obtained a thirty-year truce. * 310 BC β [[Battle of Lake Vadimo (310 BC)|Battle of Lake Vadimo]] β Roman victory, the battle was said to have broken the might of the Etruscans for the first time. * 310 BC β Samnites fought the consul Gaius Marcius at unspecified location, indecisive battle, Romans lost several officers, consul wounded. * 309 BC β Etruscans broke the truce, Romans defeated them near [[Perusia]]. * 309 BC β Rome refused peace offers by Nuceria Alfaterna and seized it. * 309 BC β Romans defeated Marsi and Paeligni who had allied with Samnites in separate battles at unspecified locations. * 309 BC β Etruscans sued for peace, Rome only granted a one-year truce. * 306 BC β Romans fought campaign against Salentini of southern Apulia and seized several towns * 306 BC β Samnites defeated near [[Allifae]], some [[Hernici]] troops found among the enemy ranks, Rome investigated this, Hernici revolt. * 305 BC β Samnites and Hernici isolated one of the Roman consul each, Hernici surrendered, Samnites defeated. * 305 BC β Battle at Tifenum in Samnium, according to one source Romans defeated, according to another, they withdrew. * 305 BC β Romans defeated Samnites at unspecified location in Samnium. * 305 BC β Romans besieged Bovianum. * 304 BC β Samnites sued for peace, end of the war. '''Third Samnite War (298 to 290 BC) ''' * 298 BC β Start of the Third Samnite War. * 298 BC β Battle of Volterrae. * 298 BC β The Romans capture the Samnite cities of [[Bovianum Undecumanorum|Bovianum]] and [[Aufidena]] and/or, according to a dubious inscription, Taurasia and Cisauna. * 297 BC β [[Quintus Fabius Maximus Rullianus]] defeats the Samnites near [[Tifernum]]. * 296 BC β Publius Decius Mus seized Murgantia, Romulea and Ferentium. * 295 BC β [[Battle of Sentinum]]. * 294 BC β The Samintes nearly seized a Roman camp in an unspecified location but are repelled. * 294 BC β Lucius Postumius seized Milionia and Feritrum, two unidentified Samnite towns and defeated Volsini in Etruria. * 294 BC β Marcus Atilius was defeated at Luceria, but won another battle the next day. He then defeated Samnites who were trying to seize Interamna. * 293 BC β Lucius Papirius seized Aquilonia and Saepinum in Samnium. * 293 BC β Spurius Carvilius seized Cominium, Velia, Palumbinum and Herculaneum in Samnium. * 293 BC β Spurius Carvilius seized Troilum and five fortresses in Etruria. * 292 BC β Quintus Fabius Maximus Gurges defeated by Caudine Samnites, then defeated them with the help of his father Quintus Fabius Maximus Rullianus. * 291 BC β Quintus Fabius Maximus Gurges seized Cominium Ocritum, a stronghold of the Pentri Samnites. * 291 BC β Lucius Postimius Megellus seized Venusia, the chief town of the Hirpini Samnites. * 290 BC β Roman operations to mop up last pockets of Samnite resistance; end of the war.
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