Editing Roosevelt Island (section)

=== Utilities ===
Parts of [[New York City Water Tunnel No. 3]], which provides fresh water to much of New York City, pass underneath the island; the section under Roosevelt Island opened in 1998<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Armistead |first=Thomas F. |date=July 13, 1998 |title=New Route for New York Water Will Be Opened This Month |magazine=Engineering News-Record |page=16 |volume=241 |issue=2 |id={{ProQuest|235769376}}}}</ref><ref name="Baltimore Sun 1998">{{cite web |date=August 21, 1998 |title=New York opens first segment of 3rd water tunnel 60-mile, $6 billion project will be done in about 20 years |url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/1998/08/21/new-york-opens-first-segment-of-3rd-water-tunnel-60-mile-6-billion-project-will-be-done-in-about-20-years/ |access-date=March 23, 2024 |website=Baltimore Sun}}</ref> and travels as much as {{convert|780|ft}} under the island.<ref name="Baltimore Sun 1998" /> Roosevelt Island also had its own steam plant behind the Roosevelt Island Tramway's terminal until 2013.<ref>{{cite web |last=Young |first=Michelle |date=October 22, 2013 |title=Community Group Hopes to Turn Roosevelt Island's Steam Plant Into a Museum for Technology, Art and Science |url=https://untappedcities.com/2013/10/22/community-group-hopes-to-turn-roosevelt-islands-steam-plant-into-a-museum-for-technology-art-and-science/ |access-date=March 23, 2024 |website=Untapped New York}}</ref> In addition, [[Verdant Power]] installed [[Tidal power|tidal turbines]] under the East River's eastern channel in the 2000s as part of the [[Verdant Power#RITE Project|Roosevelt Island Tidal Energy]] project;<ref>{{cite web |last=Urbina |first=Ian |date=July 10, 2004 |title=In Search of New Power Source, City Looks Underwater |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/07/10/nyregion/in-search-of-new-power-source-city-looks-underwater.html |access-date=March 25, 2024 |website=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331 |postscript=none}}; {{cite web |last=Frangoul |first=Anmar |date=November 24, 2020 |title=In New York's East River, a tidal power project takes shape |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2020/11/24/in-new-yorks-east-river-a-tidal-power-project-takes-shape.html |access-date=March 23, 2024 |website=CNBC}}</ref> The turbines powered small parts of the island.<ref>{{cite news |id={{ProQuest|306103455}} |title=That's Flower Power. Roosevelt Island Gets Green Light as Turbines Harness East River Current |first=Brendan |last=Brosh |date=May 1, 2007 |page=1 |work=New York Daily News |issn=2692-1251 }}</ref> Three new turbines were installed in the 2020s.<ref>{{cite news |last=Kadet |first=Anne |title=The East River Becomes a New Energy Source for New York City |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-east-river-becomes-a-new-energy-source-for-new-york-city-11600178401 |language=en-US |access-date=March 28, 2024 |work=The Wall Street Journal |issn=0099-9660  |date=September 15, 2020 |postscript=none}}; {{cite web |date=May 4, 2021 |title=Experimental Tidal Turbines In East River To Be Replaced As Part Of Roosevelt Island Tidal Energy Project |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/newyork/news/roosevelt-island-tidal-energy-project/ |access-date=March 23, 2024 |website=CBS New York}}</ref>

==== Waste disposal ====
Before the 1970s, raw waste from Roosevelt Island was dumped directly into the East River.<ref name="Buckley 1973" /> Garbage on Roosevelt Island is collected by an [[automated vacuum collection]] (AVAC) system, which consists of [[pneumatic tube]]s measuring either {{convert|20|in}},<ref name="Mason 2010">{{cite magazine |last=Mason |first=Betsy |date=August 16, 2010 |title=New York City's Trash-Sucking Island |url=https://www.wired.com/2010/08/trash-sucking-island/ |access-date=March 7, 2023 |magazine=WIRED}}</ref> {{convert|22|in|cm}},<ref name="Chaban 2015">{{cite news |last=Chaban |first=Matt A.V. |date=August 3, 2015 |title=Garbage Collection, Without the Noise or the Smell |work=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/04/nyregion/garbage-collection-without-the-noise-or-the-smell.html?_r=0 |access-date=July 28, 2017 |quote=While vehicles still found their way onto the island, garbage trucks were largely banished, thanks to the pneumatic tube system, one of the largest in the world. It sucks up roughly 10 tons of trash from the island's 12,000 residents each day.... After they drop garbage down chutes in their buildings, it collects at the bottom until a trapdoor is activated, releasing the waste into 22-inch-wide red steel tubes that run underground. |archive-date=July 29, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729023054/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/04/nyregion/garbage-collection-without-the-noise-or-the-smell.html?_r=0 |url-status=live}}</ref> or {{convert|24|in|cm}} wide.<ref name="Bodarky 2017">{{cite web |first=George |last=Bodarky |title=How New York's Roosevelt Island Sucks Away Summer Trash Stink |website=NPR |date=July 26, 2017 |url=https://www.npr.org/2017/07/26/539304811/how-new-york-s-roosevelt-island-sucks-away-summer-trash-stink |access-date=February 27, 2023 }}</ref> Manufactured by Swedish firm [[Envac]] and installed in 1975, it was the second AVAC system in the U.S. at the time of its installation, after the [[Disney utilidor system]].<ref name="Mason 2010" /><ref name="Bodarky 2017" /> It is one of the world's largest AVAC systems,<ref name="Chaban 2015" /> collecting trash from 16 residential towers.<ref name="Mason 2010" /> Trash from each tower is transported to the Central Collections and Compaction Plant<ref name="Chaban 2015" /> at up to {{Convert|60|mph}}.<ref name="Mason 2010" /> The collection facility contains three turbines that spin the garbage;<ref name="Bodarky 2017" /> the trash is then compacted and sent to a landfill.<ref name="Mason 2010" /><ref name="Bodarky 2017" /> The pneumatic tube system collects {{convert|6|ST}}<ref name="Bodarky 2017" /> or {{convert|10|ST}} of trash each day.<ref name="Chaban 2015" /> On several occasions, tenants have damaged the system by throwing large objects, such as strollers and Christmas trees, into the tubes.<ref name="Mason 2010" /><ref name="Bodarky 2017" />