Editing Romansh language (section)

== Literature, music and media ==
{{Main|Swiss literature#Romansh branch|l1=Romansh branch of Swiss literature}}

Romansh had a rich oral tradition before the appearance of Romansh writing, but apart from songs such as the ''Canzun da Sontga Margriata'', virtually none of it survives. Prior to the 16th century, Romansh writings are known from only a few fragments, although the Swiss Literary Archives do have a number of collections of Romansh literature, spanning from the late 19th to the early 21st century.<ref>{{Cite web|last=NL|first=Swiss National Library|title=Literary estates and archives in Romansh|url=https://www.nb.admin.ch/snl/en/home/ueber-uns/sla/nachlaesse-archive/raetoromanisch.html|access-date=2020-12-11|website=www.nb.admin.ch|language=en}}</ref>

The oldest known written records of Romansh dating from the period before 1500 are:
* the ''Würzburg manuscript'' (10th century);
* the ''Einsiedeln Homily'' dates from the early 12th century, discovered in 1907, and consists of a few lines, in an early form of the Romonsch dialect, of interlinear translation (with the original Latin text) of a sermon attributed to [[Augustine of Hippo|St Augustine]];
* the ''Müstair linguistic monument'' dated 1389 and consisting of a fragment of a document about [[grazing rights]] on common land in the [[Val Müstair]], it is a court testimony in Romansh attested in an otherwise Latin document:
{{Quote|{{Col-begin|width=96% }}
{{Col-break}}
''Introekk in sum la vall de Favergatscha et introekk eintt la vall da Vafergatscha; la e vcinn faitt una puntt chun dis punt alta<br />e chun dis eintt feder Vinayr''{{Col-break}}
As far up as the Favergatscha valley and into the Vafergatscha valley. There where they are building a bridge which they call ''punt alta''<br />and what they call ''eintt feder Vinayr''".{{col-end}}
}}
[[File:SynopsisRumantsch.png|thumb|Synopsis on Romansh authors, by birth and idiom (including Rumantsch Grischun)]]

The first substantial surviving work in Romansh is the ''Chianzun dalla guerra dagl Chiaste da Müs'' written in the Putèr dialect in 1527 by [[Gian Travers]]. It is an epic poem describing the [[Musso war|First Musso war]] which Travers himself had taken part in.{{sfn|Liver|1999|p=95}}

Subsequent works usually have religious themes, including Bible translations, manuals for religious instructions, and biblical plays. In 1560, the first Romansh translation of the New Testament: ''L'g Nuof Sainc Testamaint da nos Signer Jesu Christ'' by [[Giachem Bifrun]], was published. Two years later, in 1562, another writer from the Engadine, [[Durich Chiampel]], published the ''Cudesch da Psalms'', a collection of Romansh church songs in the Vallader dialect. In the Sursilvan dialect, the first surviving works are also religious works such as catechism by [[Daniel Bonifaci]], and in 1611 ''Ilg Vêr Sulaz da pievel giuvan'' ("The true joys of young people"), a series of religious instructions for Protestant youths was published by [[Steffan Gabriel]]. Four years later in 1615, a Catholic catechism ''Curt Mussament'' was published in response, written by [[Gion Antoni Calvenzano]]. The first translation of the New Testament into Sursilvan was published in 1648 by the son of Steffan Gabriel, [[Luci Gabriel]]. The first complete translation of the Bible, the ''Bibla da Cuera'' was published between 1717 and 1719.

In music, choirs have a long tradition in the Romansh-speaking areas. Apart from traditional music and song, Romansh is also used in contemporary pop or hip-hop music, some of which has become known outside the Romansh-speaking regions, for instance, in the [[Eurovision Song Contest 1989]], Switzerland was represented by a Romansh song, ''Viver senza tei''. Since 2004, the hip-hop group [[Liricas Analas]] has become known even outside of Grisons through their Romansh songs. Other contemporary groups include the rock-band ''Passiunai'' with its lead singer [[Pascal Gamboni]], or the rock/pop band [[The Capoonz]]. Composer Gion Antoni Derungs has written three operas with Romansh librettos: ''Il cerchel magic'' (1986), ''Il semiader'' (1998) and ''Tredeschin'' (2000).

[[File:Engadinder-Post-Posta-Ladina.png|thumb|Front page of the ''Engadiner Post/Posta Ladina'' in February 2010]]

Romansh is used to varying extents in newspapers, the radio, and television. Radio and television broadcasts in Romansh are produced by the [[Radiotelevisiun Svizra Rumantscha]], which is part of the Swiss public broadcasting company [[SRG SSR]]. The radio Radio Rumantsch broadcasts a 24-hour program including informational and music broadcasts. The broadcasters generally speak their own regional dialect on the air, which is considered a key factor in familiarizing Romansh speakers with the dialects outside their home region.{{sfn|Cathomas|2008|p=45}} News broadcasts are generally in the pan-regional variety [[Rumantsch Grischun]]. The two local radio stations [[Radio Grischa]] and [[Radio Engiadina]] occasionally broadcast in Romansh, but primarily use German. The Televisiun Rumantscha airs regular broadcasts on [[SF 1]], which are subtitled in German. Programs include the informational broadcast {{lang|rm|Telesguard}}, which is broadcast daily from Monday to Friday. The children's show {{lang|rm|Minisguard}} and the informational broadcast {{lang|rm|Cuntrasts}} are aired on weekends. Additionally, the shows {{lang|rm|Controvers}}, {{lang|rm|Pled sin via}}, and others are broadcast during irregular intervals.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Über Uns |url=http://www.rtr.ch/home/utensils/internaziunal/de.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301203126/http://www.rtr.ch/home/utensils/internaziunal/de.html |archive-date=2012-03-01 |access-date=2012-02-28 |website=Radiotelevisiun Svizra Rumantscha |language=de}}</ref>

The Romansh newspapers used to be heavily fragmented by regions and dialects. The more long-lived newspapers included the ''[[Gasetta Romontscha]]'' in the Surselva, the ''[[Fögl Ladin]]'' in the Engadine, ''[[Casa Paterna/La Punt]]'' in the Sutselva, and ''[[La Pagina da Surmeir]]'' in the Surmeir. Due to financial difficulties, most of these merged into a pan-regional daily newspaper called ''[[La Quotidiana]]'' in 1997. This newspaper includes articles in all five dialects and in Rumantsch Grischun. Apart from ''La Quotidiana'', ''La Pagina da Surmeir'' continues to be published to a regional audience, and the ''[[Engadiner Post]]'' includes two pages in Romansh. A Romansh [[news agency]], the [[Agentura da Novitads Rumantscha]], has been in existence since 1997.

Several Romansh-language magazines are also published regularly, including the youth magazine ''Punts'' and the yearly publications ''[[Calender Romontsch]]'' and ''[[Chalender Ladin]]''.

In September 2018, ''[[Amur senza fin]]'', the first-ever Romansh-language television film, debuted on Swiss national television.