Editing Remote work (section)

===Isolation and mental health===
Research by psychologist [[Julianne Holt-Lunstad]] at [[Brigham Young University]] has indicated that [[social integration]] is one of the strongest predictors of longevity.<ref name=downside/><ref>{{Cite journal | title=A pandemic of social isolation? | first=Julianne | last=Holt-Lunstad | journal=World Psychiatry | author-link=Julianne Holt-Lunstad | publisher=[[Wiley Online Library]] | date=January 12, 2021| volume=20 | issue=1 | pages=55–56 | doi=10.1002/wps.20839 | pmid=33432754 | pmc=7801834 }}</ref> Similarly, a study conducted by researchers at the [[University of Chicago]] found that routine social interactions can benefit mental health.<ref name="downside" /><ref>{{Cite news | url=https://news.uchicago.edu/story/cities-depression-lower-rates-mental-health-psychology-socioeconomic-networks | title=How do cities impact mental health? A new study finds lower rates of depression | first=Sarah | last=Steimer | work=[[University of Chicago]] | date=July 28, 2021|access-date=April 23, 2023}}</ref>

Workplace relationships also play a role in employee commitment. A 2018 study by [[Sigal G. Barsade]] found that employees experiencing greater loneliness reported feeling less committed to their employers and coworkers.<ref name="downside" /><ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://faculty.wharton.upenn.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Ozcelik-and-Barsade_WorkplaceLoneliness_2018.pdf|title=No Employee an Island: Workplace Loneliness and Job Performance|first1=Hakan|last1=Ozcelik|first2=Sigal G.|last2=Barsade|author-link2=Sigal G. Barsade|journal=[[Academy of Management Journal]]|volume=61|number=6|pages=2343–2366|doi=10.5465/amj.2015.1066|publisher=[[Academy of Management]]|year=2018|s2cid=149199657 |access-date=April 23, 2023}}</ref> Remote work, by reducing opportunities for informal interaction, can hinder the development of workplace friendships.<ref>{{Cite news | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2021/09/24/working-home-productivity-pandemic-remote/ | title=You may get more work done at home. But you'd have better ideas at the office. | first1=Edward |last1=Glaeser | first2=David | last2=Cutler | newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] | date=September 24, 2021}}</ref><ref name="masterclass" />

Concerns have been raised that remote work might negatively affect career progression and workplace relationships. However, a 2007 study found no overall detrimental effects on the quality of workplace relationships or career outcomes among remote workers. In fact, remote work was associated with improvements in employee-supervisor relationships, and job satisfaction was partly linked to the quality of these relationships. The study noted that only high-intensity remote work—defined as working remotely more than 2.5 days per week—was associated with weaker relationships among coworkers, although it also reduced work-family conflict.<ref name="positive" /><ref name="consequences" />

Individual responses to the characteristics of remote work may vary. According to job characteristics theory from the 1970s, the degree to which employees respond to job features such as autonomy and feedback is influenced by their personal need for accomplishment and development, referred to as "growth need strength".<ref name="Hackman1971" /> Employees with higher growth need strength may respond more positively to increased autonomy and more negatively to reduced feedback in remote work environments than those with lower growth need strength.

A 2021 report from Prudential claimed that a majority of workers preferred a hybrid model combining remote and in-person work. The report also indicated that two-thirds of workers believed in-person interactions were important for career advancement. Fully remote workers were more likely to feel hesitant about taking vacations, to perceive a need to be constantly available, and to report feelings of isolation. Overall, the findings suggested that while workers value flexibility, many also wished to retain the benefits associated with in-person workplace interactions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Workplace in a Post-COVID World |url=https://mcguiredevelopment.com/blog/the-workplace-in-a-post-covid-world/ |website=McGuire Development Company |date=August 10, 2021 }}</ref>