Editing Pyridine (section)

==Hazards==
Pyridine is a toxic, flammable liquid with a strong and unpleasant fishy odour. Its [[odour threshold]] of 0.04 to 20 ppm is close to its [[threshold limit value|threshold limit]] of 5&nbsp;ppm for adverse effects,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.alfa.com/content/msds/english/19378.pdf |title=Pyridine MSDS |publisher=Alfa Aesar |access-date=3 June 2010 |archive-date=3 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403012740/http://www.alfa.com/content/msds/english/19378.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> thus most (but not all) adults will be able to tell when it is present at harmful levels. Pyridine easily dissolves in water and harms both animals and plants in aquatic systems.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/ |title=Database of the (EPA) |publisher=U.S. [[Environmental Protection Agency]] |access-date=7 January 2011 |archive-date=18 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110918110610/http://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Fire===
Pyridine has a [[flash point]] of 20&nbsp;°C and is therefore highly flammable. Combustion produces toxic fumes which can include [[bipyridine]]s, [[nitrogen oxide]]s, and [[carbon monoxide]].<ref name="GESTIS">{{GESTIS|ZVG=13850|Name=Pyridine}}</ref>

===Short-term exposure===
Pyridine can cause chemical burns on contact with the skin and its fumes may be irritating to the eyes or upon inhalation.<ref name = Aylward>{{cite book|last=Aylward |first=G |date=2008 |title=SI Chemical Data |publisher=Wiley |edition=6th |isbn=978-0-470-81638-7}}</ref> Pyridine depresses the [[nervous system]] giving symptoms similar to intoxication with vapor concentrations of above 3600&nbsp;[[parts per million|ppm]] posing a greater health risk.<ref name=ul/> The effects may have a delayed onset of several hours and include dizziness, headache, [[ataxia|lack of coordination]], nausea, [[saliva]]tion, and loss of appetite. They may progress into abdominal pain, [[pulmonary congestion]] and unconsciousness.<ref name="IARC1">{{cite web|last = International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)|author-link = International Agency for Research on Cancer|title = Pyridine Summary & Evaluation|work = IARC Summaries & Evaluations|publisher = IPCS INCHEM|date = 22 August 2000|url = http://www.inchem.org/documents/iarc/vol77/77-16.html|access-date = 17 January 2007|archive-date = 2 October 2018|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181002182604/http://www.inchem.org/documents/iarc/vol77/77-16.html|url-status = live}}</ref> The lowest known [[lethal dose]] (LD<sub>Lo</sub>) for the ingestion of pyridine in humans is 500&nbsp;mg/kg.

===Long-term exposure===
Prolonged exposure to pyridine may result in liver, heart and kidney damage.<ref name="GESTIS"/><ref name=osha/><ref name=bonnard/> Evaluations as a possible [[carcinogenic]] agent showed that there is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of pyridine, although there is sufficient evidence in experimental animals. Therefore, [[International Agency for Research on Cancer|IARC]] considers pyridine as possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B).<ref>{{Cite book|last=IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans|url=https://publications.iarc.fr/_publications/media/download/5722/be54378b09f7c8f559e7a529f6947cf8aa0515a6.pdf|title=Some chemicals that cause tumours of the urinary tract in rodents|date=2019|others=[[International Agency for Research on Cancer]]|pages=173–198|isbn=978-92-832-0186-1|location=Lyon, France|oclc=1086392170|access-date=2 June 2021|archive-date=6 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506214036/https://publications.iarc.fr/_publications/media/download/5722/be54378b09f7c8f559e7a529f6947cf8aa0515a6.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>