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=== Negative === *Powerful people are prone to take risky, inappropriate, or unethical decisions and often overstep their [[Personal boundaries|boundaries]]<ref>Emler, N. & Cook, T. (2001). Moral integrity in leadership: Why it matters and why it may be difficult to achieve. In Roberts, B. & Hogan, R. (Eds.). Personality psychology in the workplace. Washington, DC: APA Press (pp. 277β298).</ref><ref>Clark, R.D., & Sechrest, L.B. (1976). The mandate phenomenon. ''Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 34,'' 1057β1061.</ref> * They tend to generate negative emotional reactions in their subordinates, particularly when there is a conflict in the group<ref>Fodor, E.M., & Riordan, J.M. (1995). Leader power motive and group conflict as influences on leader behavior and group member self-affect. ''Journal of Research in Personality, 29,'' 418β431.</ref> * When individuals gain power, their self-evaluation become more positive, while their evaluations of others become more negative<ref>Georgesen, J. C., & Harris, M. J. (1998). Why's my boss always holding me down? A meta-analysis of power effects on performance evaluation. ''Personality and Social Psychology Review, 2,'' 184β195.</ref> * Power tends to weaken one's social attentiveness, which leads to difficulty understanding other people's point of view<ref>Galinsky, A. D., Magee, J. C., Inesi, M. E., & Gruenfeld, D. H. (2006). Power and perspectives not taken. ''Psychological Science, 17,'' 1068β1074.</ref> * Powerful people also spend less time collecting and processing information about their subordinates and often perceive them in a stereotypical fashion<ref>Fiske, S.T. (1993a). Controlling other people: The impact of power on stereotyping. ''American Psychologist, 48,'' 621β628.</ref> * People with power tend to use more coercive tactics, increase social distance between themselves and subordinates, believe that non-powerful individuals are untrustworthy, and devalue work and ability of less powerful individuals<ref>Kipnis. D. (1974). The powerholders. In J. T. Tedeschi (Ed.). Perspectives on social power (pp. 82β122). Chicago; Aldine.</ref>
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