Editing Plato (section)

===Modern===
{{see also|Transmission of the Greek Classics}}
[[File:Sanzio 01 Plato Aristotle.jpg|thumb|upright|''[[The School of Athens]]'' [[fresco]] by [[Raphael]] features Plato (left) also as a central figure, holding his ''[[Timaeus (dialogue)|Timaeus]]'' while he gestures to the heavens. Aristotle (right) gestures to the earth while holding a copy of his ''[[Nicomachean Ethics]]'' in his hand.]] During the [[Renaissance]], [[Gemistos Plethon]] brought Plato's original writings to Florence from Constantinople in the century of its fall. Many of the greatest early modern scientists and artists who broke with [[Scholasticism]], with the support of the Plato-inspired [[Lorenzo de' Medici|Lorenzo]] (grandson of Cosimo), saw Plato's philosophy as the basis for progress in the arts and sciences. The 17th century [[Cambridge Platonists]] sought to reconcile Plato's more problematic beliefs, such as [[metempsychosis]] and [[polyamory]], with Christianity.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |last=Carrigan |first=Henry L. Jr. |title=Cambridge Platonists |year=2012 |orig-date=2011 |encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of Christian Civilization |location=[[Chichester, West Sussex]] |publisher=[[Wiley-Blackwell]] |doi=10.1002/9780470670606.wbecc0219 |isbn=978-1405157629}}</ref> By the 19th century, Plato's reputation was restored, and at least on par with Aristotle's. Plato's influence has been especially strong in mathematics and the sciences. Plato's resurgence further inspired some of the greatest advances in logic since Aristotle, primarily through [[Gottlob Frege]]. [[Albert Einstein]] suggested that the scientist who takes philosophy seriously would have to avoid systematization and take on many different roles, and possibly appear as a Platonist or Pythagorean, in that such a one would have "the viewpoint of logical simplicity as an indispensable and effective tool of his research."{{sfn|Einstein|1949|pp=683–684}} British philosopher [[Alfred North Whitehead]] said: "the safest general characterization of the European philosophical tradition is that it consists of a series of [[Note (typography)|footnotes]] to Plato."{{sfn|Whitehead|1978|p=39}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=A.N Whitehead on Plato |url=https://www.college.columbia.edu/core/content/whitehead-plato |access-date= |website=Columbia College |archive-date=29 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231029153617/https://www.college.columbia.edu/core/content/whitehead-plato |url-status=live }}</ref> Adapting examples from Plato's ''[[Theaetetus (dialogue)|Theaetetus]]'', [[Edmund Gettier]] famously demonstrated the [[Gettier problem]] for the "justified true belief account" of knowledge, challenging the prevelant notion in Analytic philosophy at the time that had been popularized by [[A. J. Ayer]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Gettier |first1=E. L. |title=Is Justified True Belief Knowledge? |journal=Analysis |date=1 June 1963 |volume=23 |issue=6 |pages=121–123 |doi=10.1093/analys/23.6.121}}</ref>