Editing Pierre Trudeau (section)

==== United States ====
[[File:President Richard Nixon and Prime Minister of Canada Pierre Trudeau at the Parliament Building in Ottawa.jpg|thumb|Trudeau in his office in Ottawa with U.S. President [[Richard Nixon]] on April 14, 1972]]
[[File:President Jimmy Carter with Canadian Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau.jpg|right|thumb|Trudeau with U.S. President [[Jimmy Carter]] in the [[Oval Office]] on September 9, 1977]]
Relations with the United States deteriorated on many points during the [[Presidency of Richard Nixon|Nixon presidency]] (1969–74), including trade disputes, defence agreements, energy, fishing, the environment, cultural imperialism, and foreign policy. On January 4, 1973, Trudeau voted for a resolution in the House of Commons that condemned the American [[Operation Linebacker II|Christmas bombings]] against North Vietnam between December 18 and 29, 1972.{{sfn|Hilliker|Halloran|Donaghy|2017|p=135}} As a consequence, Canadian-American relations, already under stress because of the mutual contempt between Nixon and Trudeau, reached a post-war nadir.{{sfn|Hilliker|Halloran|Donaghy|2017|p=144}} Nixon was infuriated by the resolution and refused to see Marcel Cadieux, now the Canadian ambassador in Washington, in protest for the rest of 1973.{{sfn|Hilliker|Halloran|Donaghy|2017|p=144}} Nixon was only prevented from lashing out more by his desire to have Canada continue as the pro-Western member on the International Control Commission for Vietnam.{{sfn|Hilliker|Halloran|Donaghy|2017|p=144}} Prompted by Halstead, who was known as a proponent of economic "rebalancing" by seeking closer economic ties with the EEC, Trudeau made a visit to Brussels in October 1973 to see [[François-Xavier Ortoli]], the president of the [[European Commission]], to ask for a Canadian-EEC free trade agreement.{{sfn|Hilliker|Halloran|Donaghy|2017|p=214}} Halstead used Nixon's displeasure with Canada as an argument that it was finally time for "economic rebalancing" by seeking closer ties with the EEC, a thesis that Halstead had been advocating ever since the early 1960s. Ortoli refused Trudeau's request for a free trade agreement with the EEC, saying that was out of the question, but did agree to open talks on lowering tariffs between Canada and the EEC.{{sfn|Hilliker|Halloran|Donaghy|2017|p=214}}

Trudeau continued his attempts at increasing Canada's international profile, including joining the [[G7]] group of major economic powers in 1976 at the behest of U.S. President [[Gerald Ford]].{{sfn|Trudeau (1993)|p=?}} American-Canadian relations changed for the better when Trudeau found a better rapport with Ford's successor, [[Jimmy Carter]]. The late 1970s saw a more sympathetic American attitude toward Canadian political and economic needs, the pardoning of draft evaders who had moved to Canada, and the passing of old sore points such as Watergate and the Vietnam War. Canada more than ever welcomed American investments during the "[[stagflation]]" (high inflation and high unemployment at the same time) that hurt both nations in the 1970s.<ref>{{cite journal |first=Lily |last=Gardner Feldman |title=Canada and the United States in the 1970s: Rift and Reconciliation |journal=The World Today |volume=34 |issue=12 |date=1978 |pp=484–492 |jstor=40395029}}</ref>