Editing Perak (section)

== Culture ==
{{see also|Culture of Malaysia}}
{{multiple image|perrow=2|align=left
| image1 = Cantonese opera, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia.jpg
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| image2 = 2017 Thaipusam Festival, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia.jpg
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| image3 = Dance at the 2017 Ipoh Cultural Parade.jpg
| width3 = 250
| footer = Multiculturalism in Perak. Clockwise from top right: [[Thaipusam]] festival, Cultural Parade, and [[Cantonese opera]] performance
}}
[[File:Labu Sayong Kuala Kangsar, Perak, Malaysia.jpg|thumb|122px|''Labu sayong'' [[pottery]] traditional in Kuala Kangsar<ref name="Kuala Kangsar pottery">{{cite journal|url=http://web.usm.my/km/33(Supp.2)2015/km33s22015_07.pdf|title=Traditional Malay Pottery of Kuala Kangsar: Its History and Development|author=Azmi Arifin|journal=Malaysia Research|via=Universiti Sains Malaysia|year=2015|volume=33|issue=2|pages=113–133|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191024091848/http://web.usm.my/km/33(Supp.2)2015/km33s22015_07.pdf|archive-date=24 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>]]

Perak's [[multiculturalism|multicultural]] society reflects the influences of different ethnicities throughout its history. Several Malay art forms, such as [[embroidery]] and performances like ''dabus'', show apparent [[Arab culture|Arab cultural]] influence. The state's characteristic embroidery, ''tekat emas'' (gold embroidery), was once presented to royalty. Designs are based on [[floral]], animal, and [[geometric]] motifs.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.goingplacesmagazine.com/golden-heritage-the-malaysian-art-of-gold-embroidery/|title=Golden Heritage: The Malaysian Art Of Gold Embroidery|author=Rachael Lum|publisher=Going Places Magazine|via=Malaysia Airlines|date=28 June 2019|access-date=24 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191024085612/https://www.goingplacesmagazine.com/golden-heritage-the-malaysian-art-of-gold-embroidery/|archive-date=24 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> ''Dabus'' has existed for some 300 years, and is inseparable from a ritual involving [[incantation]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/metro/metro-news/2017/09/16/bringing-old-dances-to-new-audiences|title=Bringing old dances to new audiences|author=Ivan Loh|work=The Star|date=16 September 2017|access-date=26 October 2019}}</ref> It was brought to Perak by traders from Sumatra, and practised by the Malay community in Lumut, Pasir Panjang Laut Village in Sitiawan, and Teluk Intan.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kkmm.gov.my/pdf/buku/dabus.pdf|title=Dabus (Pengenalan)|trans-title=Dabus (Introduction)|language=ms|publisher=Ministry of Communications and Multimedia of Malaysia|year=2003|access-date=24 October 2019}}</ref> The traditional Malay [[pottery]] handicraft called ''labu sayong'' is part of the art heritage of Kuala Kangsar. Its unique design is uninfluenced by foreign techniques.<ref name="Kuala Kangsar pottery"/> ''Labu sayong'' is associated with a dance called the ''sayong''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tourism.gov.my/media/view/the-many-colours-of-malaysia|title=The Many Colours of Malaysia|publisher=[[Tourism Malaysia]]|date=24 March 2003|access-date=26 October 2019|quote=The most famous product which has every tourist in awe is the ''labu sayong'' - a calabash shaped [[urn]] used during mystical rituals or simply for storing water. It's a wonder as the water stored in it is always cool. The people of Perak even have a dance called the ''labu sayong''.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191025225806/https://www.tourism.gov.my/media/view/the-many-colours-of-malaysia|archive-date=25 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> Another dance local to the Malays of Perak is the ''bubu'', known for 120 years, which originates from Tanjung Bidara Village on Tiga Parit Island.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://commonrepo.um.edu.my/7275/1/Perak-perkenal_n2-241287.jpg|title=Perak perkenal Tarian Bubu sebagai seni budaya Melayu|trans-title=Perak introduces Bubu Dance as Malay cultural art|author=Raihana Abdullah|language=ms|via=University of Malaya Common Repository|year=1987|access-date=26 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191025231001/http://commonrepo.um.edu.my/7275/1/Perak-perkenal_n2-241287.jpg|archive-date=25 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>

[[Cantonese opera]] once flourished in the town of Ipoh, as the majority of Chinese there were Cantonese.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.travelandleisureasia.com/features/2987465/ipohs_old_town_revival.html|title=Ipoh's Old Town Revival|magazine=Travel + Leisure|date=25 March 2016|access-date=25 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191025082500/http://www.travelandleisureasia.com/features/2987465/ipohs_old_town_revival.html|archive-date=25 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://mysinchew.sinchew.com.my/node/61711|title=Untiring commitment for Cantonese opera|author=Chan Li Lin|publisher=Sin Chew Daily|date=5 August 2011|access-date=25 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191025082559/http://mysinchew.sinchew.com.my/node/61711|archive-date=25 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=http://web.usm.my/km/29(Supp1)2011/KM%20Vol.%2029%20Supp.%201%20-%20Art.%205%20-%20(Ngo%20Sheau%20Shi).pdf|title=The Shaw Brothers' Wuxia Pian: An Early Identity and Business-Cultural Connection for the Chinese in Malaya|author=Ngo Sheau Shi|journal=Malaysia Research|via=Universiti Sains Malaysia|year=2011|volume=29|issue=1|pages=75–93|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191025090805/http://web.usm.my/km/29(Supp1)2011/KM%20Vol.%2029%20Supp.%201%20-%20Art.%205%20-%20(Ngo%20Sheau%20Shi).pdf|archive-date=25 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> The [[history of China]], and particularly [[History of Hong Kong|Hong Kong]], is recreated in Qing Xin Ling Leisure and Cultural Village (nicknamed Little [[Guilin]]) in Ipoh, with painted wooden structures around a lake set among limestone hills and caves.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.malaymail.com/news/life/2016/07/24/a-walk-through-time-at-ipohs-qing-xin-ling-leisure-cultural-village/1167711|title=A walk through time at Ipoh's Qing Xin Ling Leisure & Cultural Village|author=Vivian Chong|newspaper=The Malay Mail|date=24 July 2016|access-date=26 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026023020/https://www.malaymail.com/news/life/2016/07/24/a-walk-through-time-at-ipohs-qing-xin-ling-leisure-cultural-village/1167711|archive-date=26 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.star2.com/travel/malaysia/2018/03/19/qing-xin-ling-leisure-cultural-village/|title=What to do at Qing Xin Ling Leisure and Cultural Village in Ipoh, Perak|author=Ming Teoh|publisher=Star2.com|date=19 March 2018|access-date=26 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026023329/https://www.star2.com/travel/malaysia/2018/03/19/qing-xin-ling-leisure-cultural-village/|archive-date=26 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> Another ethnic Chinese cultural location in Perak is [[Bercham]], originally called ''Wo Tau Kok'' in Cantonese in the 1950s. The area was formerly a tin mining centre, which also become one of the relocation points for Malayan ethnic Chinese during the British era under the government's [[Briggs Plan]] to protect and distance them from communist influence.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/metro/community/2015/11/26/booming-township-bercham-a-former-tin-mining-centre-has-been-developing-rapidly-since-the-british-co|title=Bercham - former tin mining centre turned booming township|author=Amanda Yeap|work=The Star|date=26 November 2015|access-date=26 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/metro/community/2017/01/16/insight-into-chinese-culture-cultural-tourist-centre-to-have-displays-on-bercham-new-villages-60year|title=Insight into Chinese culture|author=Amanda Yeap|work=The Star|date=16 January 2017|access-date=26 October 2019}}</ref> Perak's Malay, Chinese, and Indian communities, representing its three main ethnic groups, each have their own traditional arts and dance associations to maintain and preserve their respective cultural heritage.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jmm.gov.my/files/5-PERAK.pdf|title=Senarai Persatuan/Pertubuhan Tarian dan Seni Kebudayaan Kaum di Perak|trans-title=List of Ethnic Folk Dance and Cultural Arts Association/Organisation in Perak|language=ms|publisher=Department of Museums Malaysia|access-date=26 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026025300/http://www.jmm.gov.my/files/5-PERAK.pdf|archive-date=26 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>

=== Cuisine ===
{{see also|Ipoh cuisine}}
[[File:IpohWhiteCoffee..jpg|thumb|right|[[Ipoh white coffee]], Perak's signature [[drink]]<ref name="Ipoh white coffee">{{cite news|url=https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/leisure/2019/09/10/intriguing-and-interesting-inception-of-ipoh-white-coffee/|title=Intriguing and interesting inception of Ipoh White Coffee|author=Dave Avran|work=Free Malaysia Today|date=10 September 2019|access-date=26 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026044300/https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/leisure/2019/09/10/intriguing-and-interesting-inception-of-ipoh-white-coffee/|archive-date=26 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>]]

As a melting pot of different cultures, Perak features various cuisines. ''[[Lemang]]'', a Malay delicacy made from [[glutinous rice]] cooked in a [[bamboo]] tube over a slow fire, is very popular in the state. It is mainly served during the festivities of [[Eid al-Fitr]] (''Hari Raya Aidilfitri'') and [[Eid al-Adha]] (''Hari Raya Haji''), along with ''[[rendang]]''.<ref name="Perak cuisine">{{cite web|url=http://www.peraktourism.com.my/about-perak/2014-11-14-20-40-24/food-and-cuisine.html|title=Food and Cuisine|publisher=Perak Tourism|access-date=26 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026031613/http://www.peraktourism.com.my/about-perak/2014-11-14-20-40-24/food-and-cuisine.html|archive-date=26 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> The method of its preparation is believed to derive partly from the indigenous Orang Asli of Perak, explaining the origins of the dish. Another popular Malay delicacy is ''[[tempoyak]]'', a durian extract that is preserved and kept in a traditional urn. It is commonly mixed with [[bird's eye chilli]]es and eaten with other dishes.<ref name="Perak cuisine"/> [[Malaysian Chinese cuisine|Chinese cuisine]] is very common in Perak, because of the state's history of Chinese migration and trade relations over centuries. It was traditionally popular chiefly in Ipoh. Through over 2,000 years of contact with India, the [[Malaysian Indian cuisine|influence of Indian cuisine]] also spread in Perak.<ref name="Perak cuisine"/> The state is particularly known as a producer of the Bali [[pomelo]] (''limau bali''). This fruit was introduced by Hugh Low, Perak's fourth British Resident, who brought [[seed]]lings from the neighbouring [[Dutch East Indies]] and distributed them both in Penang and in Perak (mainly in Tambun).<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://eprints.utar.edu.my/1975/1/Pomelo_-_Citrus_maxima_-_the_indigenous_mega-citrus_of_South-East_Asia.pdf|title=Pomelo—''Citrus maxima''—the indigenous mega-citrus of South-East Asia|author=Casey Ng|journal=UTAR Agriculture Science Journal|via=[[Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman]]|volume=1|number=3|year=2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026033640/http://eprints.utar.edu.my/1975/1/Pomelo_-_Citrus_maxima_-_the_indigenous_mega-citrus_of_South-East_Asia.pdf|archive-date=26 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> Other districts are also known for their agricultural production: Bidor for its [[guava]], Hulu Perak (durian), Menglembu ([[peanut|groundnut]]), and Tapah ([[petai]]).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/opinion/letters/2007/08/01/please-keep-pomelos-special-to-perak|title=Please keep pomelos special to Perak|author=Zari Mahmood|work=The Star|date=1 August 2007|access-date=26 October 2019|quote=Talking about fruits, Perak is one state where particular districts are known for certain fruits. Bidor is famous for the guava, Tapah the petai, Menglembu the groundnuts, Hulu Perak the durians, and of course Tambun for the pomelo.}}</ref> [[Ipoh white coffee]], a popular Malaysian [[drink]], traces its origin to Ipoh.<ref name="Ipoh white coffee"/>

=== Sports ===
[[File:Perak football supporters, 2017 Malaysia Cup quarter-finals.jpg|thumb|left|[[Perak F.C.]] football supporters at the [[2017 Malaysia Cup|Malaysia Cup]] quarter-finals against [[Pahang FA|Pahang]], [[Perak Stadium]], Ipoh, 24 September 2017]]

Perak became a part of Malaya since 1957, and its athletes have represented Malaya, and later Malaysia, at the [[Summer Olympic Games]], [[Commonwealth Games]], [[Asian Games]], and [[Southeast Asian Games]]. The Perak State Youth and Sports Department was established in 1964 to raise the standard of sports in the state.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jbsn.gov.my/en/2015-12-09-03-05-18.html|title=Sejarah JBS Perak|trans-title=History of Perak YSD|language=ms|publisher=Perak State Youth and Sports Department|access-date=26 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919051521/http://www.jbsn.gov.my/en/2015-12-09-03-24-43.html|archive-date=19 September 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> Perak hosted the [[Sukma Games]] in 1994 and [[2018 Sukma Games|2018]]. The state has a number of sports complexes, located around Ipoh and in other districts.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mbi.gov.my/en/citizens/services/sports-complex|title=Sports Complex|publisher=Ipoh City Council|access-date=26 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026053250/http://www.mbi.gov.my/en/citizens/services/sports-complex|archive-date=26 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> The state government allocates funds for sports development to each district-level sports association.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/sport/community-sports/2019/10/01/boost-in-funding-for-district-level-sports-associations|title=Boost in funding for district-level sports associations|author=Ili Aqilah|work=The Star|date=1 October 2019|access-date=26 October 2019}}</ref>

Ipoh's [[Perak Stadium]] is the main stadium for [[Perak F.C.]] (formerly Perak FA). The team was formed in 1951, although the state had had a football team since 1921.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://johorsoutherntigers.com.my/team/perak-fa/|title=Perak FA|publisher=Johor Southern Tigers|access-date=26 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026054540/http://johorsoutherntigers.com.my/team/perak-fa/|archive-date=26 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> Perak F.C. won the [[Malaysia FA Cup]] in 1990 and 2004; the [[Malaysia Cup]] in 1926, 1931, 1957, 1967, 1970, 1998, 2000, and [[2018 Malaysia Cup|2018]]; was runner-up in the [[Malaysia Super League]] in [[2006–07 Malaysia Super League|2006–07]] and [[2018 Malaysia Super League|2018]]; and won the [[President Cup Malaysia]] in 2006–07, 2012 and 2014. The state women's football team was runner-up in the [[Tun Sharifah Rodziah Cup]] in 1977, 1979 and 1992. Another notable stadium in the state is [[Naval Base Stadium]] in [[Lumut, Perak|Lumut]].

The annual [[field hockey]] tournament in Perak, the [[Sultan Azlan Shah Cup]], traced its roots to former state Sultan [[Azlan Shah of Perak|Azlan Shah]], an avid fan of the sport.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/opinion/columnists/why-not/2014/05/30/a-sultans-legacy|title=A Sultan's legacy|author=Dorairaj Nadason|work=The Star|date=30 May 2014|access-date=26 October 2019}}</ref> Perak was the first Malaysian state to introduce [[e-sports]], in the Sukma Games. The state government is further targeting e-sports development with the increase in youth interest.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://teknoratz.com/perak-menjadi-negeri-pertama-memperkenalkan-e-sukan-dalam-temasya-sukma-2018/|title=Perak Menjadi Negeri Pertama Memperkenalkan E-Sukan Dalam Temasya SUKMA 2018|trans-title=Perak Becomes The First State To Introduce E-Sports At SUKMA Games 2018|author=Azuan|language=ms|publisher=TeknoRatz|date=24 September 2018|access-date=26 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026055230/https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/wilayah/2019/03/536657/perak-mahu-bina-stadium-e-sports|archive-date=26 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/wilayah/2019/03/536657/perak-mahu-bina-stadium-e-sports|title=Perak mahu bina stadium e-sports|trans-title=Perak wants to build an e-sports stadium|author=Shamsul Kamal Amarudin|language=ms|newspaper=Berita Harian|date=2 March 2019|access-date=26 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191030065109/https://teknoratz.com/perak-menjadi-negeri-pertama-memperkenalkan-e-sukan-dalam-temasya-sukma-2018/|archive-date=30 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>
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