Editing Norway (section)

=== Transport ===
{{Main|Transport in Norway|Rail transport in Norway|List of airports in Norway}}

Due to the low population density, narrow shape and long coastlines of Norway, its public transport is less developed than in many European countries, especially outside the major cities. The country has long-standing water transport traditions, but the [[Norwegian Ministry of Transport and Communications]] has in recent years implemented rail, road, and air transport through numerous subsidiaries to develop the country's infrastructure.<ref>Norwegian Ministry of Transport and Communication, 2003: 3</ref> Under discussion is development of a new high-speed rail system between the nation's largest cities.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://theforeigner.no/pages/news/updated-majority-in-favour-of-high-speed-trains/ |title=Majority in Favor of High-Speed Trains |publisher=Theforeigner.no |access-date=23 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724185049/http://theforeigner.no/pages/news/updated-majority-in-favour-of-high-speed-trains/ |archive-date=24 July 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Skjeggestad |first1=Sveinung Berg Bentzrød Helene |title=De aller fleste sier ja takk til lyntog |url=https://www.aftenposten.no/norge/i/8mz8G/De-aller-fleste-sier-ja-takk-til-lyntog |access-date=23 February 2019 |work=Aftenposten |date=7 March 2011 |language=nb-NO |archive-date=24 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190224115743/https://www.aftenposten.no/norge/i/8mz8G/De-aller-fleste-sier-ja-takk-til-lyntog |url-status=live }}</ref>

Norway's main railway network consists of {{convert|4114|km|mi}} of [[standard gauge]] lines, of which {{convert|242|km|mi}} is [[double track]] and {{convert|64|km|mi}} [[high-speed rail]] (210&nbsp;km/h) while 62% is electrified at {{15 kV AC}}. In 2023, the railways transported 78,220,000 passengers, 3,153 million [[Units of transportation measurement|passenger-kilometres]], and 32,230,000 tonnes of cargo for 3,928 million [[Units of transportation measurement|tonne-kilometres]].<ref name="ReferenceB">[https://www.ssb.no/en/transport-og-reiseliv/landtransport/statistikk/jernbanetransport Rail transport] ''Statistics Norway'' (2023). Retrieved 29 March 2025</ref> The entire network is owned by [[Bane NOR]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.regjeringen.no/no/tema/transport-og-kommunikasjon/jernbane_og_jernbanetransport/jernbaneorganisering/id2344653/ | title=Slik er norsk jernbane organisert | date=3 July 2023 | access-date=29 March 2024 | archive-date=6 February 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240206162105/https://www.regjeringen.no/no/tema/transport-og-kommunikasjon/jernbane_og_jernbanetransport/jernbaneorganisering/id2344653/ | url-status=live }}</ref> Domestic passenger trains are operated by various companies, including [[Vy]], [[SJ AB#SJ Norge|SJ]], [[Go-Ahead Nordic|Go-Ahead]] and [[Flytoget]], while freight trains are operated by [[CargoNet]] and [[OnRail]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Slik er norsk jernbane organisert |url=https://www.regjeringen.no/no/tema/transport-og-kommunikasjon/jernbane_og_jernbanetransport/jernbaneorganisering/id2344653/ |website=Regjeringen.no |publisher=Norwegian Government |access-date=9 August 2024 |language=nb-NO |date=3 July 2023}}</ref>

Investment in new infrastructure and maintenance is financed through the state budget,<ref name=jbvabout>{{cite web|url=http://www.jernbaneverket.no/english/about/ |title=About |author=Norwegian National Rail Administration |access-date=15 July 2008|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071216163520/http://www.jernbaneverket.no/english/about/|archive-date=16 December 2007}}</ref> and subsidies are provided for passenger train operations.<ref name=minpt>{{cite web |url=http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/sd/tema/kollektivtransport.html?id=1387 |title=Kollektivtransport |author=Norwegian Ministry of Transport |access-date=15 July 2008 |language=no |date=16 June 2006 |archive-date=20 June 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080620034301/http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/sd/tema/kollektivtransport.html?id=1387 |url-status=live }}</ref> NSB operates long-haul trains, including [[NSB Night Train|night trains]], regional services and four [[commuter rail|commuter train]] systems, around [[Oslo Commuter Rail|Oslo]], [[Trøndelag Commuter Rail|Trondheim]], [[Bergen Commuter Rail|Bergen]] and [[Jæren Line|Stavanger]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nsb.no/about_nsb/train_facts/ |title=Train facts |author=Norges Statsbaner |access-date=15 July 2008|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080612161348/http://www.nsb.no/about_nsb/train_facts/|archive-date =12 June 2008 |author-link=Norwegian State Railways}}</ref>
[[File:Oslo_Airport_terminal_night_view.jpg|thumb|[[Oslo Airport, Gardermoen]]]]
Norway has approximately {{convert|95120|km|mi}} of road network, of which {{convert|72033|km|mi}} are paved and {{convert|664|km|mi}} are motorway.<ref name="factbook"/> The four tiers of road routes are national, county, municipal and private, with national and primary county roads numbered en route. The most important national routes are part of the [[International E-road network|European route]] scheme. The two most prominent are the [[European route E6]] going north–south through the entire country, and the [[European route E39|E39]], which follows the West Coast. National and county roads are managed by the [[Norwegian Public Roads Administration]].<ref>Norwegian Ministry of Transport and Communications, 2003: 15</ref>

Norway has the world's largest registered stock of [[plug-in electric vehicles in Norway|plug-in electric vehicles per capita]].<ref name=NorwayLargest>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/motoring/electric-cars-take-off-in-norway-2284439.html |title=Electric cars take off in Norway |agency=[[Agence France-Presse]] |work=[[The Independent]] |date=15 May 2011 |access-date=9 October 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110517153515/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/motoring/electric-cars-take-off-in-norway-2284439.html |archive-date=17 May 2011}}</ref><ref name=AVERE>{{cite web|url=http://www.avere.org/www/newsMgr.php?action=view&frmNewsId=611%C2%A7ion%3D&type=&SGLSESSID=tqiice0pmjdclt7l4q0s3s1o27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170203054338/http://www.avere.org/www/newsMgr.php?action=view&frmNewsId=611%C2%A7ion=&type=&SGLSESSID=tqiice0pmjdclt7l4q0s3s1o27|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 February 2017|title=Norwegian Parliament extends electric car initiatives until 2018|author=European Association for Battery, Hybrid and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (AVERE)|publisher=AVERE|date=3 September 2012|access-date=10 April 2013}}</ref><ref name=NorwaySales2011>{{cite web|url=http://gronnbil.no/nyheter/eventyrlig-elbilsalg-i-2011-article218-239.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207090813/http://gronnbil.no/nyheter/eventyrlig-elbilsalg-i-2011-article218-239.html|archive-date=7 February 2012|title=Eventyrlig elbilsalg i 2011|trans-title=Adventurous electric vehicle sales in 2011|author=Hannisdahl, Ole Henrik|publisher=Grønn bil|date=9 January 2012|access-date=14 January 2012|language=no|url-status=dead}} ''See table "Elbilsalg i 2011 fordelt på måned og merke" (Electric vehicle sales in 2011, by month and brand) to see monthly sales for 2011.''</ref> In March 2014, Norway became the first country where over 1 in every 100 passenger cars on the roads is a plug-in electric.<ref name=NorwayEVSales032014>{{cite web|url=http://www.gronnbil.no/nyheter/elbilsalget-i-mars-slo-alle-rekorder-article380-239.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140405182251/http://www.gronnbil.no/nyheter/elbilsalget-i-mars-slo-alle-rekorder-article380-239.html|archive-date=5 April 2014|title=Elbilsalget i mars slo alle rekorder|language=no|trans-title=Electric vehicle sales in March broke all records|publisher=Grønn bil|date=2 April 2014|access-date=3 April 2014}}</ref> The plug-in electric segment [[market share]] of new car sales is also the highest in the world.<ref name=Top6Global2013>{{cite web|url=http://www.hybridcars.com/top-6-plug-in-car-adopting-countries/|title=Top 6 Plug-In Vehicle Adopting Countries|author=Cobb, Jeff|publisher=HybridCars.com|date=16 January 2014|access-date=28 January 2015|archive-date=21 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150221092202/http://www.hybridcars.com/top-6-plug-in-car-adopting-countries/|url-status=live}}</ref> According to a report by {{Lang|no|[[Dagens Næringsliv]]}} in June 2016, the country would like to ban sales of gasoline and diesel powered vehicles as early as 2025.<ref>{{cite news |last=Siu |first=Jason |url=http://www.autoguide.com/auto-news/2016/06/norway-to-make-gas-powered-car-sales-illegal-by-2025.html |title=Norway Wants to Make Gas-Powered Cars Illegal by 2025 |work=AutoGuide.com |publisher=VerticalScope Inc. |date=6 June 2016 |access-date=7 June 2016 |archive-date=7 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160607114038/http://www.autoguide.com/auto-news/2016/06/norway-to-make-gas-powered-car-sales-illegal-by-2025.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

Of the 146 airports in Norway,<ref name="factbook"/> 52 are public,<ref name=avinorpassengers>{{cite web |url=http://www.avinor.no/tridionimages/2007%20Passasjerer_tcm181-51564.xls |title=2007 Passasjerer |author=Avinor |year=2008 |access-date=15 July 2008 |language=no |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101228235921/http://www.avinor.no/tridionimages/2007%20Passasjerer_tcm181-51564.xls |archive-date=28 December 2010 }}</ref> and 43 are operated by the state-owned [[Avinor]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.avinor.no/en/avinor/aboutavinor |title=About Avinor |author=Avinor |access-date=15 July 2008 |author-link=Avinor |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080331113335/http://www.avinor.no/en/avinor/aboutavinor |archive-date=31 March 2008 }}</ref> [[List of the largest airports in the Nordic countries|Seven airports]] have more than one million passengers annually.<ref name=avinorpassengers/> A total of 41,089,675 passengers passed through Norwegian airports in 2007, of whom 13,397,458 were international.<ref name=avinorpassengers/>

The central gateway to Norway by air is [[Oslo Airport, Gardermoen]].<ref name=avinorpassengers/> Located about {{convert|35|km|mi}} northeast of Oslo, it is [[airline hub|hub]] for the two major Norwegian airlines: [[Scandinavian Airlines]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sas.no/no/Misc/Service_Links_Container/Rutekart/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120628220717/http://www.sas.no/no/Misc/Service_Links_Container/Rutekart/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=28 June 2012 |title=Rutekart |author=Scandinavian Airlines System |access-date=15 July 2008 |author-link=Scandinavian Airlines }}</ref> and [[Norwegian Air Shuttle]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ip.norwegian.no/ip/RouteMapAction.aspx?app_language=en-GB |title=Route Map |author=Norwegian Air Shuttle |access-date=15 July 2008 |author-link=Norwegian Air Shuttle |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080714021439/http://ip.norwegian.no/ip/RouteMapAction.aspx?app_language=en-GB |archive-date=14 July 2008 }}</ref> and for regional aircraft from Western Norway.<ref name=wideroemap>{{cite web|url=http://www.wideroe.no/modules/module_123/proxy.asp?D=2&C=642&I=4274&language=NO |archive-url=https://archive.today/20080815052854/http://www.wideroe.no/modules/module_123/proxy.asp?D=2&C=642&I=4274&language=NO |url-status=dead |archive-date=15 August 2008 |title=Våre destinasjoner |author=Widerøe |access-date=15 July 2008 |author-link=Widerøe}}</ref> There are departures to most European countries and some intercontinental destinations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.osl.no/index.asp?startID=&topExpand=1000314&subExpand=1000318&menuid=1001352&menuid_1=1001348&pid_1=1001332&l=3&languagecode=9&strUrl=//templates/applications/internet/showobject.asp?infoobjectid=1006072 |title=Car |author=Oslo Lufthavn |access-date=15 July 2008 |author-link=Oslo Airport, Gardermoen |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080601232755/http://www.osl.no/index.asp?startID=&topExpand=1000314&subExpand=1000318&menuid=1001352&menuid_1=1001348&pid_1=1001332&l=3&languagecode=9&strUrl=%2F%2Ftemplates%2Fapplications%2Finternet%2Fshowobject.asp%3Finfoobjectid%3D1006072 |archive-date=1 June 2008 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.osl.no/index.asp?startID=&strUrl=//templates/applications/internet/showobject.asp?infoobjectid=1010847&showad=1&menuid=1001345&menuid_1=1001345&topExpand=1000314&subExpand=1000317&pid_1=1001332&l=2&languagecode=9 |title=International scheduled routes from Oslo |author=Oslo Lufthavn |access-date=15 July 2008 |author-link=Oslo Airport, Gardermoen |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080714220606/http://www.osl.no/index.asp?startID=&strUrl=%2F%2Ftemplates%2Fapplications%2Finternet%2Fshowobject.asp%3Finfoobjectid%3D1010847&showad=1&menuid=1001345&menuid_1=1001345&topExpand=1000314&subExpand=1000317&pid_1=1001332&l=2&languagecode=9 |archive-date=14 July 2008 }}</ref> A direct high-speed train connects to Oslo Central Station every 10 minutes for a 20 min ride.