Editing Mining (section)

=== Indigenous peoples ===
There have also been instances of killings and evictions attributed to conflicts with mining companies. Almost a third of 227 murders in 2020 were of Indigenous peoples rights activists on the frontlines of [[Individual action on climate change|climate change activism]] linked to [[logging]], mining, large-scale [[agribusiness]], hydroelectric dams, and other infrastructure, according to [[Global Witness]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Marshall|first=Claire|date=2021-09-13|title=Record number of environmental activists murdered|url=https://news.yahoo.com/more-220-environment-land-rights-000300439.html|access-date=2021-09-13|website=BBC via Yahoo News|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-09-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210913042253/https://news.yahoo.com/more-220-environment-land-rights-000300439.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

The relationship between indigenous peoples and mining is defined by struggles over access to land. In Australia, the Aboriginal [[Bininj]] said mining posed a threat to their living culture and could damage sacred heritage sites.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Behrendt|first1=Larissa|last2=Strelein|first2=Lisa|date=March 2001|title=Old Habits Die Hard: Indigenous Land Rights and Mining in Australia|url=http://www.culturalsurvival.org/publications/cultural-survival-quarterly/old-habits-die-hard-indigenous-land-rights-and-mining|access-date=2021-09-13|website=Cultural Survival|language=en|archive-date=2021-09-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210913042257/https://www.culturalsurvival.org/publications/cultural-survival-quarterly/old-habits-die-hard-indigenous-land-rights-and-mining|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Uranium Mining – The Gundjeihmi Aboriginal Corporation|url=https://www.mirarr.net/pages/uranium-mining|access-date=2021-09-13|website=Mirarr}}</ref>

In the Philippines, an anti-mining movement has raised concerns regarding "the total disregard for [Indigenous communities'] ancestral land rights".<ref name="Tartlet-2001">{{cite web|last=Tartlet|first=R.K.|date=March 2001|title=The Cordillera People's Alliance: Mining and Indigenous Rights in the Luzon Highlands|url=http://www.culturalsurvival.org/publications/cultural-survival-quarterly/cordillera-peoples-alliance-mining-and-indigenous-rights|access-date=2021-09-13|website=Cultural Survival|language=en}}</ref> [[Igorot people|Ifugao peoples]]' opposition to mining led a governor to proclaim a ban on mining operations in Mountain Province, Philippines.<ref name="Tartlet-2001" />

In Brazil, more than 170 tribes organized a march to oppose controversial attempts to strip back indigenous land rights and open their territories to mining operations.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Phillips|first1=Tom|last2=Milhorance|first2=Flávia|date=2021-09-10|title=Indigenous warrior women take fight to save ancestral lands to Brazilian capital|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/sep/10/indigenous-warrior-women-brazil-ancestral-lands-protest|access-date=2021-09-13|website=The Guardian|language=en}}</ref> The [[United Nations Commission on Human Rights]] has called on Brazil's Supreme Court to uphold Indigenous land rights to prevent exploitation by mining groups and industrial agriculture.<ref>{{cite web|date=2021-08-23|title=Brazil: Supreme Court must uphold indigenous land rights – UN expert|url=https://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=27400|access-date=2021-09-13|website=UN OHCHR|archive-date=2021-09-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210913042253/https://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=27400|url-status=live}}</ref>