Editing Mahjong (section)

=== Scoring ===
{{Main|Hong Kong mahjong scoring rules}}

Old Hong Kong scoring is relatively simple. There is only one winner (or if there is a draw the hand is replayed). The winner must have a legal hand that meets the minimum ''faan'' points agreed to in advance (not including any bonus points). Only the winner scores, and the other players pay the winner various sums. After each hand ends, the winner counts their ''faan'' points.
* ''Faan'' points depend on:
** The composition of the entire hand
** How the hand was won
** Bonus tiles
** Special patterns
** A few other special criteria.
* In order to win, a player needs to have at least the minimum ''faan'' value agreed in advance (often 3). Bonus tiles and a few other elements are not included in the minimum ''faan'' value a player needs to form a legal winning hand. For example, in a three ''faan'' minimum game, if a player has two ''faan'' points and one bonus point, the player has not met the proper requirements to win and will need to gain another ''faan'' point before calling a win. Though the bonus points cannot be included in the minimum points needed to win, they are included in the overall score after a player wins.
* The other players do not score their hand. Once the winner has added their points (''faan'' points plus bonus points), the points must be converted into base points (the chart is below). These base points represent how much the opponents pay to the winner
* Players then pay the winner (in money or when not gambling with "chips or points") based on three factors:
** The base points (''faan'' points and bonus points converted into a payment unit)
** If the player won from the wall (doubles the points)
** If the player was the dealer (doubles the points).

==== Concealed vs. revealed meld and hand ====

A concealed meld is one that contains no tiles stolen from another player's discard. A concealed hand is one made up of only concealed melds. Many variations distinguish between a concealed hand (winning from the wall) and a semi concealed hand (the last tile is a stolen discard). In most mahjong variations having a concealed hand can be valuable in scoring. Hong Kong mahjong does not award concealed melds/hands as generously as others. Concealed hands only the case with a few limit hands or half-limit hands (thirteen orphans, heavenly gates, four concealed pungs) as well as a complete hand (seven pairs) and over several melds (three concealed pungs).

{|class=wikitable style="font-size:85%;"
|+Meld summary
|-
! rowspan=2 | Meld Type !! rowspan=2 | Quantity !! colspan=3 | Eligible tiles !! colspan=2 | When completed by ...
|-
! Suited !! Honors !! Bonus !! Drawing !! Seizing a discard
|-
! style="font-size:125%;" | Pung
| style="text-align:center;" | 3<br />(identical set) || [[File:Yes check.svg|15px|Yes]]&nbsp;Yes || [[File:Yes check.svg|15px|Yes]]&nbsp;Yes || [[File:X mark.svg|15px|No]]&nbsp;No || Concealed || Exposed
|-
! rowspan=2 style="font-size:125%;" | Kong
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:center;" | 4<br />(identical set) || rowspan=2 | [[File:Yes check.svg|15px|Yes]]&nbsp;Yes || rowspan=2 | [[File:Yes check.svg|15px|Yes]]&nbsp;Yes || rowspan=2 | [[File:X mark.svg|15px|No]]&nbsp;No || Concealed (add to concealed pung) || rowspan=2 | Exposed (add to concealed pung)
|-
| Exposed from exposed (add to exposed pung)
|-
! style="font-size:125%;" | Chow
| style="text-align:center;" | 3<br />(consecutive within suit) || [[File:Yes check.svg|15px|Yes]]&nbsp;Yes || [[File:X mark.svg|15px|No]]&nbsp;No || [[File:X mark.svg|15px|No]]&nbsp;No || Concealed || Exposed (only from preceding player)
|-
! style="font-size:125%;" | Eyes
| style="text-align:center;" | 2<br />(identical set) || [[File:Yes check.svg|15px|Yes]]&nbsp;Yes || [[File:Yes check.svg|15px|Yes]]&nbsp;Yes || [[File:X mark.svg|15px|No]]&nbsp;No || For the win, if hand has sufficient value || Only permitted to complete a winning hand
|}

==== ''Faan'' value ====

===== Basic ''faan'' value =====
A winning hand must include an agreed minimum amount of ''faan'' value (often 3). Some examples of scoring include:

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Sample ''faan'' scoring
! Type !! Item !! ''Faan'' value
|-
! rowspan=6 | Basic
| A pung/kong of dragons || 1
|-
| A pung/kong of seat wind or round wind || 1
|-
| All suited || 1
|-
| ''Common hand'': All chows and a pair of suited tiles || 1
|-
| ''All-pung (kong) hand'': Only pungs/kongs and any pair || 3
|-
| ''Clean hand'': Only one suit (bamboos, circles, or characters) with honors || 3
|-
! rowspan=6 | Advanced
| 3 concealed pungs/kongs || 3
|-
| 3 kongs || 3
|-
| 7 pairs (special pattern) || 4
|-
| ''Pure hand'': only one suit and no honors (only circles, bamboos or characters) || 7
|-
| ''Little dragons'': 2 pungs of dragons and a pair of the third dragon || 5
|-
| ''Little winds'': 3 pungs of winds and a pair of the fourth wind || 6
|}

===== Bonus ''faan'' =====
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Bonus ''faan'' by manner of winning (not counted towards the minimum ''faan'' needed)
! Item !! ''Faan'' value
|-
| Winning from the wall || 1
|-
| Robbing the kong || 1
|-
| Winning on the last tile from the wall or its subsequent discard || 1
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Bonus ''faan'' from flowers and seasons (not counted towards the minimum ''faan'' needed)
! Item !! ''Faan'' value
|-
| No flower or season tiles in hand || 1
|-
| Having own flower (seat flower)
|| 1
|-
| Having own season (seat season)
|| 1
|-
| All four flowers || 2 (plus 1 for own flower)
|-
| All four seasons || 2 (plus 1 for own season)
|-
| All eight flowers and seasons (exceedingly rare) || Automatic win with maximum payment
|}

A player only scores a bonus ''faan'' for flowers or seasons if it is their own flower or season (East=1, South=2, West=3 and North=4) or if the player has all four flowers or all four seasons (scoring 5 ''faan'' in total).

==== Payment ====

The losers pay the winning player points based on several criteria and depending on whether the game is for fun or for money. How points are reckoned is agreed by players beforehand. For example, they can keep a tally, exchange chips, or pay one another with money. The ''faan'' value of a hand is converted into base points which are then used to calculate the points the losers pay the winner. The table is progressive, doubling the number of base points when reaching a certain ''faan'' point target. The following is the Old Hong Kong simplified table; for other tables, see [[Hong Kong mahjong scoring rules]].
<!-- Background colours removed from this table as they were too low contrast and hard to read. -->
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+ Base points (Old Hong Kong Simplified)
! ''Faan'' points !!  Base points
|-
| 3 || 1
|-
| 4 || rowspan=3 | 2
|-
| 5
|-
| 6
|-
| 7 || rowspan=3 | 4
|-
| 8
|-
| 9
|-
| 10+ || 8 (limit)
|}

This table is based on play where 3 ''faan'' is the minimum needed in order to win with a legal hand. If a player has 3 ''faan'', then their hand is worth one base point. A winning hand with 9 ''faan'' is worth four base points. Losing players must give the winning player the value of these base points. The following special cases result in doubled base points:
* If the winner wins from the wall, their base points are doubled.
* If the hand was won by discard, the discarder doubles the amount they owe the winner.
* If the winner is east, all losers double the base points.
* If the east player is a losing player, they pay double the points to the winner.

If two of these criteria apply to any player, they must double and then redouble the points owed to the winner.

===== Examples =====
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Hand !! Player !! Base points
|-
| rowspan=5 style="font-size:250%" | '''1'''
| colspan=2 style="text-align:center" |West wins with 3 ''faan'' (scoring 1 base point) from the wall (doubling value)
|-
| East (dealer) || 1 (base points) ×2 (doubling for winning from wall) ×2 (doubling for being east) = –4
|-
| South || 1 (base points) ×2 (doubling for winning from wall) = –2
|-
| West || '''4''' (from east) + '''2''' (from south) + '''2''' (from north) = '''+8'''
|-
| North || 1 (base points) ×2 (doubling for winning from wall) = –2
|-
| rowspan=5 style="font-size:250%" | '''2'''
| colspan=2 style="text-align:center" |North wins with 6 ''faan'' (2 base points) on a discard from south (double penalty to South)
|-
| East (dealer) || 2 (base points) ×2 (doubling for being east) = –4
|-
| South || 2 (base points) ×2 (discarding winning piece) = –4
|-
| West || 2 (base points) = –2
|-
| North || '''4''' (from east) + '''4''' (from south) + '''2''' (from west) = '''+10'''
|-
| rowspan=5 style="font-size:250%" | '''3'''
| colspan=2 style="text-align:center" |East wins with 10 ''faan'' (8 base points) on discard from west (double penalty to West)
|-
| East (dealer) || '''16''' (from south) + '''32''' (from west) + '''16''' (from north) = '''+64'''
|-
| South || 8 (base points) ×2 (paying to east) = –16
|-
| West || 8 (base points) ×2 (paying to east) ×2 (discarding winning piece) = –32
|-
| North || 8 (base points) ×2 (paying to east) = –16
|}

Hong Kong mahjong is essentially a payment system of doubling and redoubling, where winning from the wall adds great value to the final payment and where the dealer is highly rewarded or penalised if they win or lose.

===== Limit hands =====
In Hong Kong mahjong there are a series of "limit hands". These are exceptional hands, difficult to obtain, and are very valuable in point scoring. As many table rules put a limit on the number of points a winner's hand can score, full limit hands score that maximum. Table rules dictate if these rare and special hands are allowed, which ones, and the limit for scoring. A common scoring limit is 64 points, which is the highest base points doubled twice. A winner receives the scoring limit from each player without any doubling.

Some limit hands by necessity must be completely concealed (not discards used) or semi-concealed (the only discard used is the one needed to win). This includes the 13 orphans, 4 concealed pungs, heavenly hand and earthly hand. It is usually expected that the heavenly gates hand be concealed or semi-concealed. As for the dragon limit hands and the great winds, table rules dictate whether the hand must be concealed or not. Some table rules claim that a semi-concealed hand (winning from a discard) scores a half-limit.

Some groups also play with the "great flowers" rule. If a player picks up all four flowers and all four seasons during their hand, they instantly win the hand and receive the maximum points from all of the players. This is exceptionally rare.

In all the hands that require pungs, each pung can be replaced by the corresponding kong.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Limit Hands (Maximum number of fan agreed)
! width=10% | Hand !! width=90% | Explanation with example
|-
! 天糊 <br>Heavenly hand
| The dealer draws a winning hand at the beginning of the game.
|-
! 地糊 <br>Earthly hand
| A player completes a winning hand with the dealer's first discard (in most variants, provided the dealer does not draw a kong).
|-
! rowspan=2 | 十三么 <br>Thirteen orphans
| 1 and 9 of each suit, one of each wind, one of each dragon, and one extra piece of any of those thirteen elements
|-
| [[File:MJf1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf2-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf3-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf4-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJd1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJd2-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJd3-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJs1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs9-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJw1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw9-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJt1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJt9-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJt9-.svg|25px]]
|-
! rowspan=2 | 么九 <br>Terminals
| Only 1s and 9s.
|-
| [[File:MJw1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw1-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJs9-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs9-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs9-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJs1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs1-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJw9-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw9-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw9-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJt1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJt1-.svg|25px]]
|-
! rowspan=2 | 綠一色 <br>Pure green hand
| All tiles are green in color, i.e. they can only comprise pungs, sequences and eye using 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 of bamboo or green dragon (not recognized in all games)
|-
| [[File:MJs2-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs3-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs4-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJs2-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs3-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs4-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJs6-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs6-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs6-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJs8-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs8-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs8-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJd2-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJd2-.svg|25px]]
|-
! rowspan=2 | 九蓮寶燈 <br>Nine Gates 
| 1112345678999 of any suit (that is, 1 to 9 plus two additional 1s and 9s); any one extra piece of the same suit suffices to win. This hand always has 4 melds (either 1 pung and 3 chows or 2 pungs and 2 chows, depending on the extra) and the eyes. In the example below, there are two pungs (111 and 999), two chows (234 and 678), and the extra 5 forms the eyes.
|-
| [[File:MJw1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw1-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJw2-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw3-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw4-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw5-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw6-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw7-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw8-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJw9-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw9-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw9-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJw5-.svg|25px]]
|-
! 四暗刻 <br>Self triplets
| Four concealed pungs, plus eyes
|-
! rowspan=2 | 十八羅漢 <br>All kongs
| Four kongs, plus eyes
|-
| [[File:MJs1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs1-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJt4-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJt4-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJt4-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJt4-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJs6-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs6-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs6-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs6-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJd3-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJd3-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJd3-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJd3-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJt9-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJt9-.svg|25px]]
|-
! rowspan=2 | 大四喜 <br>Great winds
| A pung of each wind, plus eyes
|-
| [[File:MJf1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf1-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJf2-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf2-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf2-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJf3-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf3-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf3-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJf4-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf4-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf4-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJs1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs1-.svg|25px]]
|-
! rowspan=2 | 七對子 <br>Seven pairs
| A special winning hand that comprises any seven pairs/eyes (not recognized in all games) 
|-
| [[File:MJf1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf1-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJf2-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf2-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJf3-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf3-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJf4-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf4-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJs1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs1-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJs9-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs9-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJw5-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw5-.svg|25px]]
|}

==== Other examples of high-scoring hands ====

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Other special high-scoring hands
! width=10% | Hand !! width=90% | Explanation with example
|-
! rowspan=2 | 對對糊 <br>All pungs / kongs
| All melds are pungs and/or kongs. (3 ''faan'')
|-
| [[File:MJs1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs1-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJt4-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJt4-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJt4-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJs6-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs6-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs6-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJd3-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJd3-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJd3-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJt9-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJt9-.svg|25px]]
|-
! rowspan=2 | 混一色 <br>Clean hand / Mixed suit
| Hand consists of only a single suit and honors tiles. The Pearl, Jade, and Ruby Dragon limit hands (using white, green or red dragon tiles respectively) are special instances of clean hands. (3 ''faan'')
|-
| [[File:MJw1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw2-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw3-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJf2-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf2-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf2-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJw4-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw5-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw6-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJw9-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw9-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw9-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJd1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJd1-.svg|25px]]
|-
! rowspan=2 | 清一色 <br>Pure suit hand
| All tiles are the same suit. (7 ''faan'')
|-
| [[File:MJs1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs1-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJs2-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs3-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs4-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJs5-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs6-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs7-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJs7-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs8-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs9-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJs6-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs6-.svg|25px]]
|-
! rowspan=2 | 混么九 <br>Mixed terminals
| Only 1s and 9s, and honor tiles. (5 ''faan'')
|-
| [[File:MJw1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw1-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJs9-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs9-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs9-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJs1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs1-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJw9-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw9-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw9-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJf1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf1-.svg|25px]]
|-
! rowspan=2 | 小三元 <br>Little dragons
| Two pungs of dragons and a pair of the third dragon. (5 ''faan'')
|-
| [[File:MJd1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJd1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJd1-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJs6-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs7-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs8-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJd3-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJd3-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJd3-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJt8-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJt8-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJt8-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJd2-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJd2-.svg|25px]]
|-
! rowspan=2 | 小四喜 <br>Little winds
| Three pungs of winds and a pair of the fourth wind. (6 ''faan'')
|-
| [[File:MJf1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf1-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJw5-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw6-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw7-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJf3-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf3-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf3-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJf4-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf4-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf4-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJf2-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf2-.svg|25px]]
|-
! rowspan=2 | 字一色 <br>All honors tiles
| Only winds and dragons, no suited tiles (10 ''faan'')
|-
| [[File:MJd1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJd1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJd1-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJd2-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJd2-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJd2-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJf1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf1-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJf3-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf3-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf3-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJf2-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJf2-.svg|25px]]
|-
! rowspan=2 | 大三元 <br>Great dragons
| Pungs of all three dragons. (8 ''faan'')
|-
| [[File:MJd1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJd1-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJd1-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJd2-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJd2-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJd2-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJd3-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJd3-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJd3-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJs2-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs3-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJs4-.svg|25px]] – [[File:MJw7-.svg|25px]] [[File:MJw7-.svg|25px]]
|-
! 槓上槓自摸 <br>Win by double kong
| Self-pick the winning tile by obtaining it in a replacement after a second consecutive kong. (9 ''faan'')
|}