Editing Kabul (section)

=== Internet-based participatory planning ===
[[File:An Open Call for participation in Kabul city.jpg|thumb|left|Kabul city announced open calls through the Kabul municipality's HP and its Facebook page, to participate in town meeting and planning process]]
[[File:Kabul mayor speaking during solid waste discussion league.png|thumb|Kabul mayor [[Mohammad Daud Sultanzoy]] speaking with league management during the inauguration ceremony of first ever internet-based solid waste discussion league in 2021]]
[[File:MoU between Kabul and NITech.png|thumb|A [[memorandum of understanding]] signed by Kabul City [[mayor]] Ahmad Zaki Sarfaraz and [[Nagoya Institute of Technology]] [[executive director]] in 2019]]

In 2019, the [[Nagoya Institute of Technology]], in partnership with the Kabul city Municipality, jointly agreed to deploy a digital platform, called D-Agree in urban planning to provide support for stakeholders to promote meaningful public participation and help reach consensus in Kabul city planning process.<ref name="Un2022">{{cite report|title=Regional Commissions report on the progress on the Implementation of the New Urban Agenda (2019–2022)|date=2022|publisher=United Nations|page=19|url=https://www.un.org/ecosoc/sites/www.un.org.ecosoc/files/files/en/2022doc/UNECE-QR-report.pdf}}</ref>

From September 2019 until the [[Fall of Kabul (2021)]] in August 2021, the platform was used on behalf of Kabul Municipality to moderate more than 300 Kabul city-related planning discussions.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://km.gov.af/3436/%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%DB%8C%D9%87%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%A9-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%AB-%D8%A2%D9%86%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86)|title=Kabul Municipality - شاروالی کابل: اطلاعیه&zwnj;ی اشتراک در بحث آنلاین!|website=km.gov.af|access-date=7 June 2022|archive-date=27 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927210801/https://km.gov.af/3436/%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%DB%8C%D9%87%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%A9-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%AB-%D8%A2%D9%86%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86)|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite report|title=What are the priorities of Kabul municipal districts|date=2020|publisher=Kabul City Municipality|url=https://km.gov.af/3201/%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%DB%8C%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%AB-%D8%A2%D9%86%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86-%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%B4%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AD%DB%8C-%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1-%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84)|access-date=7 June 2022|archive-date=7 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220607060904/https://km.gov.af/3201/%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%DB%8C%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%AB-%D8%A2%D9%86%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86-%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%B4%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AD%DB%8C-%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1-%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84)|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://km.gov.af/3658/%D9%BE%D9%87-%DA%9A%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D8%A2%D9%86%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%AB-%DA%A9%DB%90-%DA%AB%DA%89%D9%88%D9%866)|title=Kabul Municipality - شاروالی کابل: په ښاری آنلاین بحث کې ګډون!|website=km.gov.af|access-date=7 June 2022|archive-date=7 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220607060909/https://km.gov.af/3658/%D9%BE%D9%87-%DA%9A%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D8%A2%D9%86%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%AB-%DA%A9%DB%90-%DA%AB%DA%89%D9%88%D9%866)|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://km.gov.af/3657/%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%DB%8C%D9%87%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%A9-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%DA%AF%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A2%D9%86%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1%DB%8C)|title=Kabul Municipality - شاروالی کابل: اطلاعیه&zwnj;ی اشتراک در گفتمان آنلاین شهری!|website=km.gov.af|access-date=7 June 2022|archive-date=7 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220607060908/https://km.gov.af/3657/%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%DB%8C%D9%87%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%A9-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%DA%AF%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A2%D9%86%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1%DB%8C)|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://km.gov.af/3569/%D9%BE%D9%87-%DA%9A%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%AB-%DA%A9%DB%90-%DA%AB%DA%89%D9%88%D9%86)|title=Kabul Municipality - شاروالی کابل: په ښاری انلاین بحث کې ګډون!|website=km.gov.af|access-date=7 June 2022|archive-date=7 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220607060907/https://km.gov.af/3569/%D9%BE%D9%87-%DA%9A%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%AB-%DA%A9%DB%90-%DA%AB%DA%89%D9%88%D9%86)|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://km.gov.af/4053/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86-%DA%AF%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A2%D9%86%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF-%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%A8%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%B4%D8%AF)|title=Kabul Municipality - شاروالی کابل: اولین گفتمان آنلاین در مورد مدیریت زباله&zwnj;ها برگزار شد|website=km.gov.af|access-date=7 June 2022|archive-date=7 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220607060905/https://km.gov.af/4053/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86-%DA%AF%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A2%D9%86%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF-%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%A8%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%B4%D8%AF)|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://km.gov.af/3437/%D9%BE%D9%87-%DA%9A%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%AB-%DA%A9%DB%90-%DA%AB%DA%89%D9%88%D9%86)|title=Kabul Municipality - شاروالی کابل: په ښاری انلاین بحث کې ګډون!|website=km.gov.af|access-date=7 June 2022|archive-date=27 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927211102/https://km.gov.af/3437/%D9%BE%D9%87-%DA%9A%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%AB-%DA%A9%DB%90-%DA%AB%DA%89%D9%88%D9%86)|url-status=live}}</ref>
In these discussions, more than 15,000 citizens participated in planning activities hosted by D-Agree and generated more than 71,000 opinions which catalogued into [[issue-based information system]] regarding urban-related thematic areas.<ref name="Un2022" />
Despite the [[Taliban]] take-over, D-Agree will continue to play an important role in facilitating urban planning and infrastructure-related consultations.<ref>{{cite report|title=女性の絵消した」「タリバンを拒絶」…アフガニスタン人の本音 日本のIT会社が公開|date=2021|publisher=The Asahi Shinbun|url=https://globe.asahi.com/article/14421938|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210820055841/https://globe.asahi.com/article/14421938|url-status=live|archive-date=20 August 2021}}</ref>

In 2022, [[United Nations]] reported that D-Agree Afghanistan is used as a digital and smart city solutions in [[Afghanistan]].<ref name="Un2022" /><ref name="Thetrans2022">{{cite report|title=The Transition of Asian and Pacific Cities to a Sustainable Future:Accelerating Action for Sustainable Urbanization|date=2022|publisher=Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific|page=23|url=https://www.unescap.org/sites/default/d8files/knowledge-products/Regional-Partners-Forum-Outcome-Report-20220318.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220705004656/https://www.unescap.org/sites/default/d8files/knowledge-products/Regional-Partners-Forum-Outcome-Report-20220318.pdf|url-status=live|archive-date=5 July 2022}}</ref>

D-Agree, is a discussion support platform with [[artificial intelligence]]–based facilitation.<ref name="HadfiHaqbeenSahabIto2021">{{cite journal|last1=Hadfi|first1=Rafik|last2=Haqbeen|first2=Jawad|last3=Sahab|first3=Sofia|last4=Ito|first4=Takayuki|date=August 2021|title=Argumentative conversational agents for online discussions|journal=Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering|volume=30|issue=4|pages=450–464|doi=10.1007/s11518-021-5497-1|pmid=34054250|pmc=8143987}}</ref> The discussion trees in D-Agree, inspired by [[issue-based information system]], contain a combination of four types of elements: issues, ideas, pros, and cons.<ref name="HadfiHaqbeenSahabIto2021" /> The software extracts a discussion's structure in real time based on IBIS, automatically classifying all the sentences.<ref name="HadfiHaqbeenSahabIto2021" />