Editing Hybrid (biology) (section)

====Insects====
Among insects, so-called [[Africanized bee|killer bees]] were accidentally created during an attempt to breed a strain of bees that would both produce more honey and be better adapted to tropical conditions. It was done by crossing a [[European honey bee]] and an [[African bee]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hall |first1=H. Glenn |last2=Zettel-Nalen |first2=Catherine |last3=Ellis |first3=James D. |title=African Honey Bee: What You Need to Know |url= http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/mg113 |publisher=University of Florida IFAS Extension |access-date=19 March 2017 |archive-date=23 June 2008 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080623084759/http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/MG113 |url-status=live}}</ref>

The ''[[Colias eurytheme]]'' and ''[[Colias philodice|C. philodice]]'' butterflies have retained enough genetic compatibility to produce viable hybrid offspring.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Grula |first1=John W. |last2=Taylor |first2=Orley R. |date=1980 |title=The Effect of X-Chromosome Inheritance on Mate-Selection Behavior in the Sulfur Butterflies, Colias eurytheme and C. Philodice |journal=Evolution |volume=34 |issue=4 |pages=688–95 |doi=10.2307/2408022|jstor=2408022 |pmid=28563983}}</ref> Hybrid speciation may have produced the diverse ''[[Heliconius]]'' [[butterfly|butterflies]],<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Mallet |first1=J. |last2=Beltrán |first2=M. |last3=Neukirchen |first3=W. |last4=Linares |first4=M. |date=2007 |title=Natural hybridization in heliconiine butterflies: The species boundary as a continuum |journal=BMC Evolutionary Biology |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=28 |doi=10.1186/1471-2148-7-28 |pmid=17319954 |pmc=1821009 |bibcode=2007BMCEE...7...28M |doi-access=free}}</ref> but that is disputed.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Brower |first=A. V. Z. |title=Hybrid speciation in ''Heliconius'' butterflies? A review and critique of the evidence |journal=Genetica |volume=139 |issue=2 |pages=589–609 |date=2011 |doi=10.1007/s10709-010-9530-4 |pmid=21113790 |pmc=3089819}}</ref>

The two closely related harvester ant species ''Pogonomyrmex barbatus'' and ''Pogonomyrmex rugosus'' have evolved to depend on hybridization. When a queen fertilizes her eggs with sperm from males of her own species, the offspring is always new queens. And when she fertilizes the eggs with sperm from males of the other species, the offspring is always sterile worker ants (and because ants are [[Haplodiploidy|haplodiploid]], unfertilized eggs become males). Without mating with males of the other species, the queens are unable to produce workers, and will fail to establish a colony of their own.<ref>[https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2014.1771 Inter-genomic sexual conflict drives antagonistic coevolution in harvester ants]</ref>

<gallery class="center" mode="nolines" widths="180px">
File:Zeedonk 800.jpg|A "[[Zebroid|zonkey]]", a zebra/donkey hybrid
File:Jaglion.jpg|A "[[jaglion]]", a jaguar/lion hybrid
File:Goldfinch Canary hybrid.JPG|A [[mule (bird)|domestic canary/goldfinch hybrid]]
</gallery>

{{Anchor|Hybrid plants}}