Editing History of music (section)

===Sources===
{{refbegin|30em}}
'''Global'''
* {{cite book |editor-last=Bohlman |editor-first=Philip V. |editor-link=Philip Bohlman |year=2013 |title=The Cambridge History of World Music |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |location=Cambridge |isbn=978-0-521-86848-8 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=UuJkAwAAQBAJ}} }}
* {{cite book |editor-last=Church |editor-first=Michael |year=2015 |title=The Other Classical Musics: Fifteen Great Traditions |publisher=[[Boydell Press]] |location=Woodbridge |isbn=978-1-84383-726-8 |author-mask=2 }}
* {{cite book |last=Fletcher |first=Peter |year=2004 |title=World Musics in Context: A Comprehensive Survey of the World's Major Musical Cultures |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=Oxford |isbn=978-0-19-517507-3 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=i2vDlcIyVjUC}} }}
* {{cite book |last=Hijleh |first=Mark |year=2019 |title=Towards A Global Music History |publisher=[[Routledge]] |location=London and New York |isbn=978-1-138-08873-3 }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last=Nettl |first=Bruno |author-link=Bruno Nettl |year=2001 |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |title=Music |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=Oxford |doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.40476 |isbn=978-1-56159-263-0 |url-access=subscription |url=https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000040476 }} {{Grove Music subscription}}
* {{cite book |last=Strohm |first=Reinhard |author-link=Reinhard Strohm |year=2018 |title=Studies on a Global History of Music: A Balzan Musicology Project |publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]] |location=Abingdon-on-Thames |isbn=978-1-138-05883-5 }}

'''Dictionaries'''
* {{cite book |last=Apel |first=Willi |author-link=Willi Apel |year=1969 |title=Harvard Dictionary of Music |publisher=[[Harvard University Press]] |location=Cambridge |isbn= 978-0-674-37501-7 |url=https://archive.org/details/harvarddictionar0000unse/page/86/mode/2up }}
* {{cite book |editor-last=Randel |editor-first=Don Michael |editor-link=Don Michael Randel |year=2003 |title=The Harvard Dictionary of Music |publisher=[[Harvard University Press]] |location=Cambridge |edition=4th |isbn=978-0674011632 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=02rFSecPhEsC}} }}

'''Origins and prehistory'''
* {{Cite encyclopedia |last=Goldstein |first=Ian |date=31 March 2016 |title=Music and Cognition |encyclopedia=[[Oxford Bibliographies Online|Oxford Bibliographies]]: Music |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=Oxford |url=https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780199757824/obo-9780199757824-0169.xml |doi=10.1093/obo/9780199757824-0169 |url-access=subscription}} {{subscription required}}
* {{cite journal |last1=Hagen |first1=Edward H. |author-link1=Edward Hagen (anthropologist) |last2=Hammerstein |first2=Peter |date=1 September 2009 |title=Did Neanderthals and other early humans sing? Seeking the biological roots of music in the territorial advertisements of primates, lions, hyenas, and wolves |journal=[[Musicae Scientiae]] |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=291–320 |doi=10.1177/1029864909013002131 |s2cid=39481097 }}
* {{cite journal |last=Killin |first=Anton |date=14 February 2018 |title=The origins of music: Evidence, theory, and prospects |journal=Music & Science |doi=10.1177/2059204317751971 |hdl=1885/162771 |s2cid=165905083 |hdl-access=free }}
* {{cite journal |last=Lawergren |first=Bo |author-link=Bo Lawergren |date=1988 |title=The Origin of Musical Instruments and Sounds |journal=Anthropos |publisher=Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH |volume=Bd. 83 |issue=H. 1./3 |pages=31–45 |jstor=40461485 }}
* {{cite journal |last1=Levitin |first1=D. J. |last2=Tirovolas |first2=A. K. |year=2009 |title=Current Advances in the Cognitive Neuroscience of Music |journal=[[Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences]] |volume=1156 |issue=1 |pages=211–231 |doi=10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04417.x |pmid=19338510| bibcode=2009NYASA1156..211L |s2cid=2856561 |url=http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=145070}}
* {{cite journal |last1=Merker |first1=Björn |author-link1=Björn Merker |last2=Morley |first2=Iain |last3=Zuidema |first3=Willem |date=19 March 2015 |title=Five fundamental constraints on theories of the origins of music |journal=[[Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society]] |publisher=[[Royal Society]] |volume=370 |issue=1664 |doi=10.1098/rstb.2014.0095 |pmid=25646518 |pmc=4321136 |issn=0962-8436 |eissn=1471-2970 }}
* {{cite book |last=Mithen |first=Steven |author-link=Steven Mithen |year=2005 |title=The Singing Neanderthals: The Origins of Music, Language, Mind, and Body |publisher=[[Orion Publishing Group]] |location=London |isbn=978-1-7802-2258-5 }}
* {{cite journal |last=Montagu |first=Jeremy |author-link=Jeremy Montagu |date=20 June 2017 |title=How Music and Instruments Began: A Brief Overview of the Origin and Entire Development of Music, from Its Earliest Stages |journal=Frontiers in Sociology |volume=2 |issue=8 |doi=10.3389/fsoc.2017.00008 |doi-access=free }}
* {{cite book |last=Morley |first=Iain |year=2013 |title=The Prehistory of Music: Human Evolution, Archaeology, and the Origins of Musicality |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=Oxford |isbn=978-0-19-923408-0 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=eWhBAQAAQBAJ}} }}
* {{cite journal |last=Nadel |first=Siegfried |author-link=Fred Nadel |translator-last=Baker |translator-first=Theodore |translator-link=Theodore Baker |date=October 1930 |title=The Origins of Music |journal=[[The Musical Quarterly]] |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |volume=16 |issue=4 |pages=531–546 |doi=10.1093/mq/XVI.4.531 |jstor=738618 }}
* {{cite book |last=Nettl |first=Bruno |author-link=Bruno Nettl |year=1956 |title=Music in Primitive Culture |publisher=[[Harvard University Press]] |location=Cambridge |isbn=978-0-674-59000-7 |url=https://archive.org/details/musicinprimitive0000nett_y7y5 }}
* {{cite book |editor-last1=Peretz |editor-first1=Isabelle |editor-link=Isabelle Peretz |editor-last2=Zatorre |editor-first2=Robert J. |year=2003 |title=The Cognitive Neuroscience of Music |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=Oxford |isbn=978-0-19-852519-6 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=q9t1DwAAQBAJ}} }}
** {{cite book |last=Cross |first=Ian |year=2003 |title=The Cognitive Neuroscience of Music |chapter=Music, Cognition, Culture and Evolution }} (In {{harvtxt|Peretz|Zatorre|2003|pp=42–56}})
** {{cite book |last=Huron |first=David |author-link=David Huron |year=2003 |title=The Cognitive Neuroscience of Music |chapter=Is Music an Evolutionary Adaptation? }} (In {{harvtxt|Peretz|Zatorre|2003|pp=57–75}}
** {{cite book |last=Trehub |first=Sandra |author-link=Sandra Trehub |year=2003 |title=The Cognitive Neuroscience of Music |chapter=Musical Predispositions in Infancy: An Update }} (In {{harvtxt|Peretz|Zatorre|2003|pp=3–20}})
* {{cite book |last=Pinker |first=Steven |author-link=Steven Pinker |year=1997 |title=How the Mind Works |publisher=[[W. W. Norton & Company]] |location=New York |isbn=978-0-393-04535-2 }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last=Rycroft |first=David K. |year=2001 |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |title=Musical bow |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=Oxford |doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.19417 |isbn=978-1-56159-263-0 |url-access=subscription |url=https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000019417 }} {{Grove Music subscription}}
* {{cite book |editor-last1=Wallin |editor-first1=Nils |editor-last2=Merker |editor-first2=Björn |editor-link2=Björn Merker |editor-last3=Brown |editor-first3=Steven |year=2000 |title=The Origins of Music |publisher=[[MIT Press]] |location=Cambridge |isbn=978-0-262-73143-0 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=vYQEakqM4I0C}} }}
** {{cite book |last=Bickerton |first=Derek |author-link=Derek Bickerton |year=2000 |title=The Origins of Music |chapter=Can Biomusicology Learn from Language Evolution Studies? }} (In {{harvtxt|Wallin|Merker|Brown|2000|pp=153–163}})
** {{cite book |last=Brown |first=Steven |year=2000 |title=The Origins of Music |chapter=The "Musilanguage" Model of Music Evolution }} (In {{harvtxt|Wallin|Merker|Brown|2000|pp=153–163}})
** {{cite book |last1=Kunej |first1=Drago |last2=Turk |first2=Ivan |year=2000 |title=The Origins of Music |chapter=New Perspectives on the Beginnings of Music: Archeological and Musicological Analysis of a Middle Paleolithic Bone "Flute" }} (In {{harvtxt|Wallin|Merker|Brown|2000|pp=235–268}})

'''Africa'''
* {{cite encyclopedia |last1=Anderson |first1=Robert |last2=Castelo-Branco |first2=Salwa El-Shawan |last3=Danielson |first3=Virginia |year=2001 |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |title=Egypt, Arab Republic of |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=Oxford |doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.08621 |isbn=978-1-56159-263-0 |url-access=subscription |url=https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000008621 }} {{Grove Music subscription}}
** {{cite encyclopedia |last=Anderson |first=Robert |year=2001 |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |title=Egypt, Arab Republic of |section=I. Ancient music }} (In {{harvtxt|Anderson|Castelo-Branco|Danielson|2001}})
* {{cite journal |last=Charry |first=Eric |date=March 1996 |title=Plucked Lutes in West Africa: An Historical Overview |journal=[[The Galpin Society Journal]] |volume=49 |pages=3–37 |jstor=842390 |doi=10.2307/842390 }}
* {{cite journal |last=Erlmann |first=Veit |date=1973–1974 |title=Some Sources on Music in Western Sudan from 1300-1700 |journal=[[African Music (journal)|African Music]] |publisher=[[International Library of African Music]] |volume=5 |issue=3 |pages=34–39 |doi=10.21504/amj.v5i3.1656 |jstor=30249969 }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last=Kubik |first=Gerhard |author-link=Gerhard Kubik |year=2001 |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |title=Africa |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=Oxford |doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.00268 |isbn=978-1-56159-263-0 |url-access=subscription |url=https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000000268 }} {{Grove Music subscription}}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last=Robotham |first=Donald Keith |date=8 April 2016 |title=African music &#124; Britannica |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |publisher=[[Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.]] |location=Chicago |url=https://www.britannica.com/art/African-music }}
* {{cite journal |last=Vansina |first=J. |author-link=Jan Vansina |date=1996 |title=The Bells of Kings |journal=[[The Journal of African History]] |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |volume=10 |issue=2 |pages=187–197 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700009464 |jstor=179509 |s2cid=162156236 }}
* {{cite book |editor-last=Wachsmann |editor-first=Klaus P. |editor-link=Klaus Wachsmann |year=1971 |title=Essays on Music and History in Africa |publisher=[[Northwestern University Press]] |location=Evanston |isbn=978-0-8101-0333-7 |doi=10.21985/N2VH9V |url=https://arch.library.northwestern.edu/concern/generic_works/t148fh30g?locale=en |last1=Wachsmann |first1=Klaus P. }}

'''East Asia'''
* {{cite book |last=Birrell |first=Anne |year=1993 |orig-year=1988 |title=Popular Songs and Ballads of Han China |publisher=[[University of Hawai'i Press]] |location=Honolulu |isbn=978-0-8248-1548-6 |doi=10.2307/j.ctv9zcm2j |jstor=j.ctv9zcm2j }}
* {{cite book |last=Brindley |first=Erica |year=2012 |title=Music, Cosmology, and the Politics of Harmony in Early China |publisher=[[State University of New York Press]] |location=New York |isbn=978-1-4384-4315-7 }}
* {{cite journal |last=Fernald |first=Helen E. |date=December 1926 |title=Ancient Chinese Musical Instruments: As Depicted on Some of the Early Monuments in the Museum |journal=The Museum Journal |volume=XVII |issue=4 |pages=325–371 |url=https://www.penn.museum/sites/journal/1401/ }}
* {{cite journal |last=Furniss |first=Ingrid |date=2009 |title=Unearthing China's Informal Musicians: An Archaeological and Textual Study of the Shang to Tang Periods |journal=Yearbook for Traditional Music |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |volume=41 |pages=23–41 |doi=10.1017/S0740155800004124 |jstor=25735477 }}
* {{cite book |last=Lawergren |first=Bo |author-link=Bo Lawergren |editor-last1=Dien |editor-first1=Albert E. |editor-last2=Knapp |editor-first2=Keith N. |year=2019 |title=The Cambridge History of China: Volume II: Six Dynasties, 220–589 |chapter=Music |pages=698–720 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |location=Cambridge |isbn=978-1-107-02077-1 }}
* {{cite journal |last=Harich-Schneider |first=Eta |author-link=Eta Harich-Schneider |date=1957–1958 |title=Rōei. The Medieval Court Songs of Japan |journal=[[Monumenta Nipponica]] |volume=13 |issue=3/4 |pages=183–222 |jstor=2383043 |doi=10.2307/2383043 }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last=Malm |first=William P. |authorlink=William P. Malm |date=19 November 2019 |title=Chinese music &#124; Characeristics, History, Instruments, Genres & Facts &#124; Britannica |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |publisher=[[Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.]] |location=Chicago |url=https://www.britannica.com/art/Chinese-music |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602074015if_/https://www.britannica.com/art/Chinese-music |archive-date=2 June 2021 |url-status=live }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last=Marett |first=Allan |year=2001 |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |title=Japan |section=V. Court music }}
* {{cite book |last=Mingyue |first=Liang |year=1985 |title=Music of the Billion: An Introduction to Chinese Musical Culture |publisher=Heinrichshofen |location=New York |isbn=978-3-7959-0474-6 |pages=37–38 }}
* {{cite web |last=Moore |first=J. Kenneth |date=September 2009 |title=Music and Art of China |publisher=[[Metropolitan Museum of Art]]: Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History |url=https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/much/hd_much.htm |access-date=24 June 2021 }}
* {{cite book |editor-last=So |editor-first=Jenny F. |year=2000 |title=Music in the Age of Confucius |publisher=[[Smithsonian Institution]] |location=Washington |isbn=978-0-295-97953-3 }}
** {{cite book |last1=So |first1=Jenny F. |last2=Major |first2=John S. |year=2000 |title=Music in the Age of Confucius |chapter=Music in Late Bronze Age China }} (In {{harvtxt|So|2000|pp=13–34}}
** {{cite book |last=Bagley |first=Robert |author-link=Robert Bagley |year=2000 |title=Music in the Age of Confucius |chapter=Percussion }} (In {{harvtxt|So|2000|pp=35–64}}
** {{cite book |last=Lawergren |first=Bo |author-link=Bo Lawergren |year=2000 |title=Music in the Age of Confucius |chapter=Strings }} (In {{harvtxt|So|2000|pp=65–86}}
** {{cite book |last=Guangsheng |first=Feng |year=2000 |title=Music in the Age of Confucius |chapter=Winds }} (In {{harvtxt|So|2000|pp=87–100}})
** {{cite book |last=Falkenhausen |first=Lothar von |year=2000 |title=Music in the Age of Confucius |chapter=The Zheng Hou Yi Finds in the History of Chinese Music }} (In {{harvtxt|So|2000|pp=101–113}})
* {{cite encyclopedia |last1=Thrasher |first1=Alan R. |last2=Lam |first2=Joseph S.C. |last3=Stock |first3=Jonathan P.J. |last4=Mackerras |first4=Colin |author-link4=Colin Mackerras |last5=Rebollo-Sborgi |first5=Francesca |last6=Kouwenhoven |first6=Frank |last7=Schimmelpenninck |first7=A. |last8=Jones |first8=Stephen |author9=Han Mei |author-link9=Han Mei |author10=Wu Ben |last11=Rees |first11=Helen |last12=Trebinjac |first12=Sabine |last13=Lee |first13=Joanna C. |year=2001 |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |title=China, People's Republic of |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=Oxford |doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.43141 |isbn=978-1-56159-263-0 |url-access=subscription |url=https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000043141 }} {{Grove Music subscription}}
** {{cite encyclopedia |last=Thrasher |first=Alan R. |year=2001 |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |title=China, People's Republic of |section=I. Introduction: historical, regional and study perspectives }} (In {{harvtxt|Thrasher|Lam|Stock|Mackerras|2001}}
** {{cite encyclopedia |last=Lam |first=Joseph S.C. |year=2001a |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |title=China, People's Republic of |section=2. Antiquity to the Warring States period (to 221 BCE). }} (In {{harvtxt|Thrasher|Lam|Stock|Mackerras|2001}})
** {{cite encyclopedia |last=Lam |first=Joseph S.C. |year=2001b |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |title=China, People's Republic of |section=3. Qin to Tang dynasties (221 BCE–907 CE). }} (In {{harvtxt|Thrasher|Lam|Stock|Mackerras|2001}})
** {{cite encyclopedia |last=Lam |first=Joseph S.C. |year=2001c |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |title=China, People's Republic of |section=4. Song to Yuan dynasties (960–1368). }} (In {{harvtxt|Thrasher|Lam|Stock|Mackerras|2001}})
** {{cite encyclopedia |last=Lam |first=Joseph S.C. |year=2001d |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |title=China, People's Republic of |section=5. Ming to Qing dynasties (1368–1911). }} (In {{harvtxt|Thrasher|Lam|Stock|Mackerras|2001}})
* {{cite book |last=Wade |first=Bonnie C. |year=2005 |title=Music in Japan: Experiencing Music, Expressing Culture |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=New York |isbn=978-0-19-514487-1 |url=https://archive.org/details/musicinjapanexpe00wade |url-access=limited }}
* {{cite book |editor-last1=Tokita |editor-first1=Alison McQueen |editor-last2=Hughes |editor-first2=David W. |year=2016 |orig-year=2008 |title=The Ashgate Research Companion to Japanese Music |series=SOAS Musicology Series |publisher=[[Ashgate Publishing]] |location=Milton Park |isbn=978-0-7546-5699-9 }}
** {{cite book |last=Nelson |first=Steven G. |year=2016 |orig-year=2008 |title=The Ashgate Research Companion to Japanese Music |chapter=Court and religious music (1): history of ''gagaku'' and ''shōmyō'' }} (In {{harvtxt|Tokita|Hughes|2016|pp=35–48}})
* {{cite journal |last=Tong |first=Kin-Woon |date=1983a |title=Shang Musical Instruments: Part One |journal=Asian Music |volume=14 |issue=2 |pages=17–182 |jstor=833936 |doi=10.2307/833936 }}
* {{cite journal |last=Tong |first=Kin-Woon |date=1983b |title=Shang Musical Instruments: Part Two |journal=Asian Music |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=102–184 |jstor=833918 |doi=10.2307/833918 }}

'''Middle East'''
* {{cite journal |last=Boyce |first=Mary |author-link=Mary Boyce |year=1957 |title=The Parthian Gōsān and Iranian Minstrel Tradition |journal=[[Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society]] |volume=89 |issue=1–2 |pages=10–45 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |doi=10.1017/S0035869X0010735X |jstor=25201987 |s2cid=161761104 }}
* {{cite book |last=Curtis |first=Vesta Sarkhosh |author-link=Vesta Sarkhosh Curtis |year=2003 |title=World of Myths |chapter=Persian Myths |publisher=[[University of Texas Press]] |location=Austin |isbn=978-0-292-70607-1 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=xr7wES9T-ksC}} }}
* {{cite book |editor-last1=During |editor-first1=Jean |editor-link1=Jean During |editor-last2=Mirabdolbaghi |editor-first2=Zia |year=1991a |title=The Art of Persian Music |publisher=Mage Publishers |location=Washington D.C. |isbn=978-0-934211-22-2 }}
** {{cite book |last=During |first=Jean |author-link=Jean During |year=1991a |title=The Art of Persian Music |chapter=Historical Survey |pages=31–56 }} (In {{harvtxt|During|Mirabdolbaghi|1991a}})
** {{cite book |last1=During |first1=Jean |author-link1=Jean During |last2=Mirabdolbaghi |first2=Zia |year=1991b |title=The Art of Persian Music |chapter=The Instruments of Yesterday and Today |pages=99–152}} (In {{harvtxt|During|Mirabdolbaghi|1991a}})
** {{cite book |last=During |first=Jean |author-link=Jean During |year=1991b |title=The Art of Persian Music |chapter=Poetry and Music |pages=153–166 }} (In {{harvtxt|During|Mirabdolbaghi|1991a}})
* {{cite book |last=Ellerbrock |first=Uwe |year=2021 |title=The Parthians: The Forgotten Empire |publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]] |location=Abingdon-on-Thames |isbn=978-1-000-35848-3 }}
* {{cite book |last=Farhat |first=Hormoz |author-link=Hormoz Farhat |year=2004 |title=The Dastgah Concept in Persian Music |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |location=Cambridge |isbn=978-0-521-54206-7 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=NiMhWnYDuQMC}} }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last1=Lawergren |first1=Bo |author-link1=Bo Lawergren |last2=Farhat |first2=Hormoz |author-link2=Hormoz Farhat |last3=Blum |first3=Stephen |author-link3=Stephen Blum |year=2001 |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |title=Iran |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=Oxford |doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.13895 |isbn=978-1-56159-263-0 |url-access=subscription |url=https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000013895 }} {{Grove Music subscription}}
** {{cite encyclopedia |last=Lawergren |first=Bo |author-link=Bo Lawergren |year=2001 |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |title=Iran |section=I. Pre-Islamic }} (In {{harvtxt|Lawergren|Farhat|Blum|2001}})
** {{cite encyclopedia |last=Farhat |first=Hormoz |author-link=Hormoz Farhat |year=2001 |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |title=Iran |section=II. Classical traditions }} (In {{harvtxt|Lawergren|Farhat|Blum|2001}}
* {{cite journal |last=Farhat |first=Hormoz |author-link=Hormoz Farhat |year=2012 |title=An Introduction to Persian Music |journal=Catalogue of the Festival of Oriental Music |publisher=[[University of Durham]] |location=Durham |url=http://www.dl.edi-info.ir/An%20Introduction%20to%20Persian%20Music.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.dl.edi-info.ir/An%20Introduction%20to%20Persian%20Music.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live }}
* {{cite journal |last=Kilmer |first=Anne Draffkorn |date=1974 |title=The Cult Song With Music From Ancient Ugarit: Another Interpretation |journal=Revue d'Assyriologie et d'archéologie orientale |publisher=[[Presses Universitaires de France]] |volume=68 |issue=1 |pages=69–82 |jstor=3282429 }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last=Lawergren |first=Bo |author-link=Bo Lawergren |year=2001a |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |title=Parthian Empire |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=Oxford |doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.20973 |isbn=978-1-56159-263-0 |url-access=subscription |url=https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000020973 }} {{Grove Music subscription}}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last=Lawergren |first=Bo |author-link=Bo Lawergren |year=2009 |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Iranica]] |title=Music History i. Pre-Islamic Iran |publisher=[[Brill Publishers]] |location=Leiden |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/music-history-i-pre-islamic-iran }}
* {{cite book |last=Lucas |first=Ann E. |year=2019 |title=Music of a Thousand Years: A New History of Persian Musical Traditions |publisher=[[University of California Press]] |location=Berkeley |isbn=978-0-520-97203-2 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=Mln0DwAAQBAJ}} |jstor=j.ctv1f884pp }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last=Nettl |first=Bruno |author-link=Bruno Nettl |year=2012 |orig-year=2006 |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Iranica]] |title=Iran xi. Music |publisher=[[Brill Publishers]] |location=Leiden |url=https://iranicaonline.org/articles/iran-xi-persian-music }}
* {{cite book |last=Shehadi |first=Fadlou |year=1995 |title=Philosophies of Music in Medieval Islam |publisher=[[Brill Publishers]] |location=Leiden |isbn=978-90-04-24721-5 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=deV5DwAAQBAJ}} }}
* {{cite book |last=Touma |first=Habib Hassan |author-link=Habib Hassan Touma |translator-last=Schwartz |translator-first=Laurie |year=1996 |title=The Music of the Arabs |publisher=Amadeus Press |location=Portland |isbn=978-0-931340-88-8 }}
* {{cite journal |last=Waele |first=Eric De |date=1989 |title=Musicians and Musical Instruments on the Rock Reliefs in the Elamite Sanctuary of Kul-e Farah (Izeh) |journal=[[Iran: Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies|Iran]] |publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]] |volume=27 |pages=29–38 |jstor=4299814 |doi=10.2307/4299814 }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last1=Wright |first1=Owen |last2=Poché |first2=Christian |last3=Shiloah |first3=Amnon |year=2001 |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |author-link2=Christian Poché |title=Arab music |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=Oxford |doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.01139 |isbn=978-1-56159-263-0 |url-access=subscription |url=https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000001139 }} {{Grove Music subscription}}
** {{cite encyclopedia |last=Wright |first=Owen |year=2001a |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |section=2. The early period (to 900 CE) }} (In {{harvtxt|Wright|Poché|Shiloah|2001}})
** {{cite encyclopedia |last=Wright |first=Owen |year=2001b |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |section=3. The later Abbasids (900–1258) }} (In {{harvtxt|Wright|Poché|Shiloah|2001}})
** {{cite encyclopedia |last=Wright |first=Owen |year=2001c |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |section=4. Mongols and Mamluks (1258–1517) }} (In {{harvtxt|Wright|Poché|Shiloah|2001}})

'''South Asia'''
* {{cite book |editor-last=Arnold |editor-first=Alison |year=2000 |title=The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music: South Asia: The Indian Subcontinent |publisher=Garland Publishing Inc. |location=New York |isbn=978-0-8240-4946-1 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=ZOlNv8MAXIEC}} }}
** {{cite book |last=Flora |first=Reis |year=2000 |title=The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music: South Asia: The Indian Subcontinent |chapter=Classification of Musical Instruments |pages=319–330 }} (In {{harvtxt|Arnold|2000}}) 
* {{cite journal |last=Athavale |first=R. B. |date=1964 |title=Ancient Sanskrit Drama and Music |journal=Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute |publisher=[[Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute]] |volume=45 |issue=1/4 |pages=19–28 |jstor=41682440 }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last1=Qureshi |first1=Regula |last2=Powers |first2=Harold S. |author-link2=Harold S. Powers |last3=Katz |first3=Jonathan |last4=Widdess |first4=Richard |author-link4=Richard Widdess |last5=Geekie |first5=Gordon |last6=Dick |first6=Alastair |last7=Sen |first7=Devdan |last8=Jairazbhoy |first8=Nazir A. |author-link=Nazir A. Jairazbhoy |last9=Manuel |first9=Peter |last10=Simon |first10=Robert |last11=Palackal |first11=Joseph J. |author-link11=Joseph J. Palackal |last12=Brar |first12=Soniya K. |last13=Kelting |first13=M. Whitney |last14=Henry |first14=Edward O. |last15=Lord |first15=Maria |last16=Arnold |first16=Alison |last17=Pinckney |first17=Warren |last18=Vatsyayan |first18=Kapila |author-link18=Kapila Vatsyayan |last19=Wade |first19=Bonnie C. |last20=Kaur |first20=Inderjit N. |year=2020 |orig-year=2001 |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |title=India, subcontinent of |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=Oxford |doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.43272 |isbn=978-1-56159-263-0 |url-access=subscription |url=https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000043272 }} {{Grove Music subscription}}
** {{cite encyclopedia |last1=Powers |first1=Harold S. |author-link1=Harold S. Powers |last2=Katz |first2=Jonathan |year=2020 |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |title=India, subcontinent of |section=II. History of classical music }} (In {{harvtxt|Qureshi|Powers|Katz|Widdess|Geekie|Dick|Sen|Jairazbhoy|Manuel|Simon|Palackal|Brar|Kelting|Henry|Lord|Arnold|Pinckney|Vatsyayan|Wade|Kaur|2020}}
* {{cite journal |last=Rowell |first=Lewis |date=Autumn 1981 |title=Early Indian Musical Speculation and the Theory of Melody |journal=[[Journal of Music Theory]] |publisher=[[Duke University Press]] |volume=25 |issue=2 |pages=217–244 |doi=10.2307/843650 |jstor=843650 }}
* {{cite book |last=Rowell |first=Lewis |year=2015 |title=Music and Musical Thought in Early India |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |location=Chicago |isbn=978-0-226-73034-9 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=h5_UCgAAQBAJ}} }}
* {{cite book |last1=Sorrell |first1=Neil |last2=Narayan |first2=Ram |year=1980 |title=Indian Music in Performance: A Practical Introduction |publisher=Manchester University Press |location=Manchester |isbn=978-0-7190-0756-9 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=jNhRAQAAIAAJ}} }}
* {{cite book |last=Te Nijenhuis |first=Emmie |author-link=Emmie te Nijenhuis |year=1974 |title=Indian Music: History and Structure |publisher=[[Brill Publishers]] |location=Leiden |isbn=978-90-04-03978-0 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=NrgfAAAAIAAJ}} }}

'''Europe'''
* {{cite book |editor-last1=Abraham |editor-first1=Gerald |editor-link=Gerald Abraham |editor-last2=Hughes |editor-first2=Dom Anselm |year=1960 |title=Ars Nova and the Renaissance 1300-1540 |series=The New Oxford History of Music |volume=III |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=Oxford |isbn=978-0-19-316303-4 }}
* {{cite journal |last=Antcliffe |first=Herbert|author-link1=Herbert Antcliffe |date=October 1949 |title=What Music Meant to the Romans |journal=[[Music & Letters]] |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |volume=30 |issue=4 |pages=337–344 |doi=10.1093/ml/XXX.4.337 |jstor=730675 }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last1=Chew |first1=Geoffrey |author-link1=Geoffrey Chew (musicologist) |last2=Mathiesen |first2=Thomas J. |author-link2=Thomas J. Mathiesen |last3=Payne |first3=Thomas B. |last4=Fallows |first4=David |authorlink4=David Fallows |year=2001 |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |title=Song |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=Oxford |doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.50647 |isbn=978-1-56159-263-0 |url-access=subscription |url=https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000050647 }} {{Grove Music subscription}}
** {{cite encyclopedia |last=Chew |first=Geoffrey |author-link=Geoffrey Chew (musicologist) |others=Revised by [[Thomas J. Mathiesen]] |year=2001 |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |title=Song |section=2. Antiquity }} (In {{harvtxt|Chew|Mathiesen|Payne|Fallows|2001}})
* {{cite book |last=Fassler |first=Margot |author-link=Margot Fassler |editor-last=Frisch |editor-first=Walter |year=2014 |title=Music in the Medieval West |series=Western Music in Context: A Norton History |edition=1st |publisher=[[W. W. Norton & Company]] |location=New York |isbn=978-0-393-92915-7 }}
* {{cite book |last=Grout |first=Donald Jay |author-link=Donald Jay Grout |year=1973 |title=A History of Western Music |publisher=[[W. W. Norton & Company]] |location=New York |isbn=978-0-393-09416-9 |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofwestern00grou }}
* {{cite book |last=Hoppin |first=Richard |author-link=Richard Hoppin |year=1978 |title=Medieval Music |series=The Norton Introduction to Music History |edition=1st |publisher=[[W. W. Norton & Company]] |location=New York |isbn=978-0-393-09090-1}}
* {{cite book |last=Leach |first=Elizabeth Eva |author-link=Elizabeth Eva Leach |year=2014 |title=Guillaume de Machaut: Secretary, Poet, Musician |publisher=[[Cornell University Press]] |location=Ithaca, New York |isbn=978-1-5017-0486-4 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=AvWDDwAAQBAJ}} }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last=Levy |first=Kenneth |others=Revised by Christian Troelsgård |editor-first1=Christian |editor-last1=Troelsgård |year=2001 |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |title=Byzantine Chant |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=Oxford |doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.04494 |isbn=978-1-56159-263-0 |url-access=subscription |url=https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000004494 }}
* {{cite book |last=Mathiesen |first=Thomas J. |author-link=Thomas J. Mathiesen |year=1999 |title=Apollo's Lyre: Greek Music and Music Theory in Antiquity and the Middle Ages |publisher=[[University of Nebraska Press]] |location=Lincoln |isbn=978-0-8032-3079-8 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=Td5odzctae8C}} }}
* {{cite book |last=Mellas |first=Andrew |year=2020 |title=Liturgy and the Emotions in Byzantium: Compunction and Hymnody |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |location=Cambridge |isbn=978-1-108-76736-1 |doi=10.1017/9781108767361 |s2cid=225623021 }}
* {{cite book |last=Murray |first=Penelope |author-link=Penelope Murray |editor-last1=Lynch |editor-first1=Tosca A. C. |editor-last2=Rocconi |editor-first2=Eleonora |year=2020 |title=A Companion to Ancient Greek and Roman Music |chapter=The Mythology of the Muses |series=Blackwell Companions to the Ancient World |publisher=[[Wiley (publisher)|Wiley]] |location=Hoboken |isbn=978-1-119-27547-3 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=emnuDwAAQBAJ}} }}
* {{cite book |last=Reese |first=Gustave |author-link=Gustave Reese |year=1959 |title=Music in the Renaissance |edition=revised |publisher=[[W. W. Norton & Company]] |location=New York |isbn=978-0-393-09530-2 }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last1=Romanou |first1=Katy |last2=Mathiesen |first2=Thomas J. |author-link2=Thomas J. Mathiesen |last3=Lingas |first3=Alexander |last4=Maliaras |first4=Nikos |last5=Chaldaiakis |first5=Achilleus |last6=Plemmenos |first6=John |last7=Bamichas |first7=Pyrros |last8=Kardamis |first8=Kostas |last9=Kontossi |first9=Sofia |last10=Economides |first10=Myrto |last11=Tragaki |first11=Dafni |last12=Tsagkarakis |first12=Ioannis |last13=Chardas |first13=Kostas |last14=Seiragakis |first14=Manolis |last15=Chianis |first15=Sotirios |last16=Brandl |first16=Rudolph M. |year=2019 |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |title=Greece |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=Oxford |doi=10.1093/omo/9781561592630.013.3000000167 |isbn=9781561592630 |url-access=subscription |url=https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-3000000167 |doi-access=free }} {{Grove Music subscription}}
* {{cite book |last=Stolba |first=Marie |year=1990 |title=The Development of Western Music: A History |publisher=[[W.C. Brown Co.]] |location=Dubuque |isbn= 978-0-697-00182-5 |url=https://archive.org/details/developmentofwes0000stol_f7b0 |url-access=registration }}
* {{cite book |last=Strohm |first=Reinhard |author-link=Reinhard Strohm |year=2005 |title=The Rise of European Music, 1380-1500 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |location=Cambridge |isbn=978-0-521-61934-9 |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=8gwToY1HEoIC}} }}
* {{cite journal |last=Touliatos-Banker |first=Diane |date=Spring 1984 |title=Women Composers of Medieval Byzantine Chant |journal=College Music Symposium |volume=24 |issue=1 |pages=62–80 |jstor=40374217 }}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last=Touliatos |first=Diane |year=2001 |encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] |title=Byzantine secular music |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=Oxford |doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.48192 |isbn=978-1-56159-263-0 |url-access=subscription |url=https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000048192 }} {{Grove Music subscription}}
* {{cite encyclopedia |last1=Wolinski |first1=Mary |last2=Borders |first2=James |date=26 February 2020 |encyclopedia=[[Oxford Bibliographies Online|Oxford Bibliographies]]: Music |title=Medieval Music |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=Oxford |doi=10.1093/OBO/9780199757824-0269 |isbn=978-0-19-975782-4 |url=https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780199757824/obo-9780199757824-0269.xml |url-access=subscription}} {{subscription required}}
* {{cite book |last=Yudkin |first=Jeremy |year=1989 |title=Music in Medieval Europe |edition=1st |publisher=[[Prentice Hall]] |location=[[Upper Saddle River]] |isbn=978-0-13-608192-0 }}
{{refend}}