Editing Guadalajara (section)

=== Music ===

[[File:Arena Guadalajara 4.jpg|thumb|left|Guadalajara Arena (Project)]]
[[Mariachi]] music is strongly associated with Guadalajara both in Mexico and abroad even though the musical style originated in the nearby town of [[Cocula, Jalisco]]. The connection between the city and mariachi began in 1907 when an eight-piece mariachi band and four dancers from the city performed on stage at the president's residence for both [[Porfirio Díaz]] and the Secretary of State of the United States. This made the music a symbol of west Mexico, and after the migration of many people from the Guadalajara area to Mexico City (mostly settling near Plaza Garibaldi), it then became a symbol of Mexican identity as well.<ref name="tturino">{{cite journal |last=Turino |first=Thomas |date=Fall 2003 |title= Nationalism and Latin American music: Selected case studies and theoretical considerations |journal=Revista de Música Latinoamericana |volume=24 |issue=2 |page=169 |location=Austin, Texas}}</ref>

Guadalajara hosts the Festival of Mariachi and [[Charreada|Charreria]], which began in 1994. It attracts people in the fields of art, culture and politics from Mexico and abroad. Regularly the best mariachis in Mexico participate, such as [[Mariachi Vargas]], [[Mariachi de América]] and [[Mariachi los Camperos de Nati Cano]]. Mariachi bands from all over the world participate, coming from countries such as [[Venezuela]], [[Cuba]], Belgium, [[Chile]], France, Australia, [[Slovak Republic]], Canada and the United States.
[[File:ParianTlaque 05.JPG|thumb|Mariachi band in [[Tlaquepaque]].]]
The events of this festival take place in venues all over the metropolitan area,<ref name="marchar">{{cite web|url= http://www.mariachi-jalisco.com.mx/nosotros |title=16th Encuentro Nacional del Mariachi y la Charrería Historia |language=es |trans-title=16th National Encounter of Mariachi and Charreada – History |access-date=January 27, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090711152846/http://www.mariachi-jalisco.com.mx/nosotros |archive-date=July 11, 2009 }}</ref><ref name="vibrar">{{cite web|url= http://www.terra.com.mx/articulo.aspx?articuloId=728493 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120121180447/http://www.terra.com.mx/articulo.aspx?articuloId=728493 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2012-01-21 |title=Mariachi hace vibrar a Guadalajara |date=2008-09-02 |language=es |trans-title=Marachi makes Guadalajara vibrate |access-date=January 27, 2010 }}</ref> and include a parade with floats.<ref name="vibrar"/> In August 2009, 542 mariachi musicians played together for a little over ten minutes to break the world record for largest mariachi group. The musicians played various songs ending with two classic Mexican songs "[[Cielito Lindo]]" and "[[Guadalajara (song)|Guadalajara]]." The feat was performed during the XVI Encuentro Internacional del Mariachi y la Charreria. The prior record was 520 musicians in 2007 in [[San Antonio, Texas]].<ref name="records">{{cite news |title=México suma a récords otro por mariachis |url= http://www.cnnexpansion.com/estilo/2009/08/31/mexico-anade-el-record-del-mega-mariachi |newspaper=CNN Expansion |date=2009-08-31 |access-date=January 27, 2010 |language=es |trans-title=Mexico adds another record for mariachis |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090903124528/http://www.cnnexpansion.com/estilo/2009/08/31/mexico-anade-el-record-del-mega-mariachi |archive-date=September 3, 2009 |url-status=usurped }}</ref>

In the historic center of the city is the Plaza de los Mariachis, named such as many groups play here. The plaza was renovated for the [[2011 Pan American Games]] in anticipation of the crowds visiting. Over 750 mariachi musicians play traditional melodies on the plaza, and along with the restaurants and other businesses, the plaza supports more than 830 families.<ref name="plazarehab">{{cite news |title=Rehabilitación de Plaza de los Mariachis, a cargo de particular |author=Informador Redacción |url= http://www.informador.com.mx/jalisco/2009/82537/6/rehabilitacion-de-plaza-de-los-mariachis-a-cargo-de-particular.htm |newspaper=El Informador |location=Guadalajara, Mexico |date=2009-02-28 |access-date=January 27, 2010 |language=es |trans-title=Rehabilitation of the Plaza de los Mariachis in private hands |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20091027045634/http://www.informador.com.mx/jalisco/2009/82537/6/rehabilitacion-de-plaza-de-los-mariachis-a-cargo-de-particular.htm |archive-date=October 27, 2009 |url-status=live }}</ref>
[[File:Orquesta Filarmonica de Jalisco.jpg|thumb|left|[[Orquesta Filarmónica de Jalisco|Jalisco Philharmonic Orchestra]]]]
A recent innovation has been the fusion of mariachi melodies and instruments with rock and roll performed by rock musicians in the Guadalajara area. An album collecting a number of these melodies was produced called "Mariachi Rock-O." There are plans to take these bands on tour in Mexico, the United States and Europe.<ref name="rocko">{{cite news |title= "Mariachi Rock-O", un nuevo sonido de Jalisco |url= http://www.milenio.com/node/273673 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20090830172843/http://www.milenio.com/node/273673 |url-status= dead |archive-date= 2009-08-30 |newspaper= El Informador |location= Guadalajara, Mexico |date= 2009-08-25 |access-date= January 27, 2010 |language= es |trans-title= Mariachi Rock-O, a new sound from Jalisco }}</ref>

The city is also host to several dance and ballet companies such as the Chamber Ballet of Jalisco, the Folkloric Ballet of the University of Guadalajara, and the University of Guadalajara Contemporary Ballet.

The city is home to a renowned symphony orchestra. The Orquesta Filarmónica de Jalisco ([[Orquesta Filarmónica de Jalisco|Jalisco Philharmonic Orchestra]]) was founded by José Rolón in 1915. It held concerts from that time until 1924, when state funding was lost. However, the musicians kept playing to keep the orchestra alive. This eventually caught the attention of authorities and funding was restated in 1939. Private funding started in the 1940s and in 1950, an organization called Conciertos Guadalajara A. C. was formed to continue fundraising for the orchestra. In 1971, the orchestra became affiliated with the Department of Fine Arts of the State of Jalisco. The current name was adopted in 1988/ International soloists such as Paul Badura-Skoda, Claudio Arrau, Jörg Demus, Henryck Szeryng, Nicanor Zabaleta, Plácido Domingo, Kurt Rydl and Alfred Brendel have performed with the organization. Today the orchestra is under the direction of Marco Parisotto.<ref name="orchestra">{{cite web|url= http://www.ofj.com.mx/orquesta.htm |title=Orquesta Filarmónica de Jalisco |publisher=Orquesta Filarmónica de Jalisco |location=Guadalajara, Mexico |language=es |trans-title=Philharmonic Orchestra de Jalisco |access-date=January 27, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100106035704/http://www.ofj.com.mx/orquesta.htm |archive-date=January 6, 2010 }}</ref>