Editing Economy of Hungary (section)

=== Brain drain ===
Hungary has one of the highest levels of citizen [[emigration]] inside the EU,<ref name="auto2">{{Cite journal|url=https://scholars.unh.edu/honors/558|title=Does the emigration of skilled labor from Hungary merit being called a brain drain?|first=Alexa|last=Mayo|date=1 January 2021|journal=Honors Theses and Capstones}}</ref> particularly among [[young people]]. Of those immigrating 44% are under 30 and 77% are under 40. Most who leave the country and migrate to [[western Europe|western]] or [[central Europe]].<ref name="auto2"/> Current immigration is exceedingly high, with 239,924 Hungarians immigrating abroad since 2010,<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://hungary.iom.int/hungarian-emigration|title=Hungarian Emigration &#124; IOM Hungary|website=hungary.iom.int}}</ref><ref name="auto2"/> peaking in 2015. Young women tend to be one of the main groups emigrating.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=The Migration of Career-Starter Hungarian Graduate Women to the Countries of the European Union|first1=Ibolya|last1=Czibere|first2=Edit|last2=Schranz|date=3 May 2020|journal=Social Sciences|volume=9|issue=5|pages=62|doi=10.3390/socsci9050062|doi-access=free |hdl=2437/299377|hdl-access=free}}</ref> The increase in immigration coincides with the [[Fidesz party]] coming to power in 2010.<ref name="auto2"/> Common destination countries include [[Germany]], [[Austria]], and the [[United Kingdom]].<ref name="auto2"/><ref name="auto1"/>

Common reasons for immigrating include low [[wage]]s when compared to the rest of the EU.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/1418299852|title=Some Sociological Aspects of Skilled Migration from Hungary|first1=László|last1=Személyi|first2=Márton|last2=Csanády|date=3 June 2011|journal=Social Analysis|pages=27–46|id={{ProQuest|1418299852}} |via=ProQuest}}</ref> According to the [[Hungarian Central Statistical Office]] the number of Hungarian students enrolled in [[university]] decreased by 25% from 2003 to 2013, roughly a third of those immigrating are college graduates leading to [[brain drain]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hvg.hu/gazdasag/20141015_Harom_nyomaszto_grafikon_a_kivandorlasrol|title=Négy nyomasztó grafikon a kivándorlásról|first=HVG Kiadó|last=Zrt|date=15 October 2014|website=hvg.hu}}</ref> Compounding this is that the [[Hungarian Forint]] tends to be less stable then the [[Euro]] and often suffers from high levels of inflation.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Szakacs |first1=Gergely |last2=Than |first2=Krisztina |date=2023-03-09 |title=Hungary's Orban hits back at central bank in growing rift over high inflation |url=https://www.reuters.com/markets/europe/hungarys-orban-says-central-bank-money-supply-cuts-are-too-drastic-2023-03-09/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529231522/https://www.reuters.com/markets/europe/hungarys-orban-says-central-bank-money-supply-cuts-are-too-drastic-2023-03-09/ |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=2024-06-03 |work=Reuters }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Spike |first=Justin |date=21 April 2023 |title=No fruit, ham a luxury: Hungary food prices spike most in EU |url=https://apnews.com/article/hungary-food-prices-inflation-cost-of-living-77aba09dcff4bc76a204b2ce776ab30c |website=AP News}}</ref> Other than economic reasons, familial, social, and educational factors also contribute.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 November 2023 |title=Endangered democracy: the struggles of youth in Orban's Hungary |url=https://www.france24.com/en/europe/20231108-living-in-an-endangered-democracy-the-struggles-of-youth-in-orban-s-hungary |access-date=2024-06-03 |website=[[France 24]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Than |first=Krisztina |date=2018-04-04 |title=Young Hungarians weigh migration option as election nears |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSKCN1HB1JJ/ |access-date=2024-06-03 |website=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> The high rate of immigration coupled with low birth rates (1.59 [[Birth rate|births per woman]]) results in Hungary's aging and decreasing [[population]].<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/capstones/2465|title=Brain Drain Out Of Hungary And Its Inhibitors|first=Eliza|last=Plous|date=1 January 2011|journal=Capstone Collection}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSKCN0SS02D/|title=Investors feel the impact of Hungary's brain drain|website=[[Reuters]] }}</ref>