Editing Demographics of Israel (section)

== Migration ==
===Immigration===
In 2013 Israel had an estimated net migration rate of 1.81 migrant(s) per 1,000 population.{{citation needed|date=December 2023}}

Immigrants by last country of residence in recent years (according to CBS and the [[Jewish Agency]]):<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/mediarelease/doclib/2020/223/21_20_223t2.pdf |title=Immigrants, by continent and selected last country of residence in 2018 and 2019. |publisher=Central Bureau of Statistics, State of Israel}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/mediarelease/doclib/2021/303/21_21_303t2.pdf |title=Immigrants, by continent and selected last country of residence in 2020. |publisher=Central Bureau of Statistics, State of Israel}}</ref><ref name="INN">{{cite news |title=2021 Sees 30% global surge in Aliyah, record-breaking immigration from US |url=https://www.israelnationalnews.com/news/319084 |access-date=11 April 2022 |publisher=Arutz Sheva }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|- 
| '''Country''' || '''2019''' || '''2020''' || '''2021'''
|-
| {{flag|Russia}} || 15,821 || 6,644 || 7,500
|-
| {{flag|Ukraine}} || 6,190 || 2,937 || 3,000
|-
| {{flag|France}} || 2,227 || 2,407 || 3,500
|-
| {{flag|United States}} || 2,481 || 2,296 || 4,000
|-
| {{flag|Ethiopia}} || || || 1,636
|-
| {{flag|Argentina}} || 411 || 551 || 900
|-
| {{flag|Brazil}} || 589 || 512 || 550
|-
| {{flag|United Kingdom}} || 498 || 459 || 650
|-
| {{flag|South Africa}} || 343 || 269 || 550
|-
| {{flag|Canada}} || 217 || 236 || 400
|-
| {{flag|Mexico}} || 127 || || 290
|-
| {{flag|Belarus}} || 924 || 625 ||
|-
| {{flag|Georgia}} || || 229 ||
|-
| {{flag|Venezuela}} || || 174 ||
|-
| {{flag|Uzbekistan}} || || 147 ||
|-
| {{flag|Kazakhstan}} || || 139 ||
|-
| {{flag|Moldova}} || || 130 ||
|-
| Others || || 1,921 ||
|-
| '''Total''' || '''33,247''' || '''21,820''' || '''27,050'''
|}

====Immigration from the USSR====
{{Further|1970s Soviet Union aliyah|1990s post-Soviet aliyah}}
During the 1970s about 163,000 people of Jewish descent immigrated to Israel [[Aliyah from the Soviet Union in the 1970s|from the USSR]].

Later [[Ariel Sharon]], in his capacity as Minister of Housing & Construction and member of the Ministerial Committee for Immigration & Absorption, launched an unprecedented large-scale construction effort to accommodate the new Russian population in Israel so as to facilitate their smooth integration and encourage further Jewish immigration as an ongoing means of increasing the Jewish population of Israel.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ariel Sharon |url=http://www.pmo.gov.il/English/History/PastPMM/Pages/ArielSharon.aspx |access-date=20 October 2012}}</ref> Between 1989 and 2006, about 979,000 Jews emigrated from the former Soviet Union to Israel.

=== Emigration ===
For many years definitive data on Israeli emigration was unavailable.<ref>Henry Kamm. "Israeli emigration inspires anger and fear;" ''The New York Times'' 4 January 1981</ref> In ''The Israeli Diaspora'' sociologist Stephen J. Gold maintains that calculation of Jewish emigration has been a contentious issue, explaining, "Since Zionism, the philosophy that underlies the existence of the Jewish state, calls for return home of the world's Jews, the opposite movement—Israelis leaving the Jewish state to reside elsewhere—clearly presents an ideological and demographic problem."<ref>Stephen J. Gold. ''The Israeli Diaspora''; Routledge 2002, p.8</ref>

In the past several decades, emigration ([[yerida]]) has seen a considerable increase. From 1990 to 2005, 230,000 Israelis left the country; a large proportion of these departures included people who initially immigrated to Israel and then reversed their course (48% of all post-1990 departures and even 60% of 2003 and 2004 departures were former immigrants to Israel). 8% of Jewish immigrants in the post-1990 period left Israel, while 15% of non-Jewish immigrants did. In 2005 alone, 21,500 Israelis left the country and had not yet returned at the end of 2006; among them 73% were Jews, 5% Arabs, and 22% "Others" (mostly non-Jewish immigrants, with Jewish ancestry, from USSR). At the same time, 10,500 Israelis came back to Israel after over one year abroad; 84% were Jews, 9% Others, and 7% Arabs.<ref>[http://cbs.gov.il/reader/newhodaot/hodaa_template.html?hodaa=200701153 ICBS 2005 departures and returns] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111114095832/http://www1.cbs.gov.il/reader/newhodaot/hodaa_template.html?hodaa=200701153 |date=14 November 2011 }}. Cbs.gov.il. Retrieved 8 September 2011.</ref>

According to the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics, as of 2005, 650,000 Israelis had left the country for over one year and not returned. Of them, 530,000 are still alive today. This number does not include the children born overseas. It should also be noted that Israeli law grants citizenship only to the first generation of children born to Israeli emigrants.