Editing Comet (section)

=== Sungrazing comets ===
{{Main|Sungrazing comet}}

A sungrazing comet is a comet that passes extremely close to the Sun at perihelion, generally within a few million kilometers.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qU95h4yKia4C&pg=PA34 |page=34 |title=Hunting and Imaging Comets |isbn=978-1-4419-6905-7 |last=Mobberley |first=Martin |date=2010|publisher=Springer }}</ref> Although small sungrazers can be completely evaporated during such a close approach to the [[Sun]], larger sungrazers can survive many perihelion passages. However, the strong [[tidal force]]s they experience often lead to their fragmentation.<ref>{{cite journal |bibcode=1966IrAJ....7..141O |title=Sun-Grazing Comets and Tidal Disruption |last=Opik |first=E. J. |volume=7 |date=1966 |pages=141 |journal=Irish Astronomical Journal}}</ref>

About 90% of the sungrazers observed with [[Solar and Heliospheric Observatory|SOHO]] are members of the [[Kreutz sungrazer|Kreutz group]], which all originate from one giant comet that broke up into many smaller comets during its first passage through the inner Solar System.<ref name="Bailey">{{cite journal |last1=Hahn |first1=M. E. |last2=Chambers |first2=J. E. |last3=Hahn |first3=G. |display-authors=1 |title=Origin of sungrazers: a frequent cometary end-state |journal=[[Astronomy & Astrophysics]] |volume=257 |issue=1 |pages=315–322 |date=1992 |bibcode=1992A&A...257..315B}}</ref> The remainder contains some sporadic sungrazers, but four other related groups of comets have been identified among them: the Kracht, Kracht 2a, Marsden, and Meyer groups. The Marsden and Kracht groups both appear to be related to [[96P/Machholz|Comet 96P/Machholz]], which is the parent of two [[meteor shower|meteor streams]], the [[Quadrantids]] and the [[Arietids]].<ref name="Ohtsuka">{{cite journal |last1=Yoshikawa |first1=K. |last2=Nakano |first2=S. |last3=Yoshikawa |first3=M. |display-authors=1 |title=On the Association among Periodic Comet 96P/Machholz, Arietids, the Marsden Comet Group, and the Kracht Comet Group |url=http://pasj.asj.or.jp/v55/n1/550127/55012319.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005091950/http://pasj.asj.or.jp/v55/n1/550127/55012319.pdf |archive-date=2018-10-05 |url-status=live |journal=Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan |volume=55 |issue=1 |pages=321–324 |date=2003 |doi=10.1093/pasj/55.1.321 |bibcode=2003PASJ...55..321O|doi-access=free }}</ref>