Editing Apollo 11 (section)

=== Spacecraft ===

[[File:Apollo 11 Kommandomodul "Columbia".jpg|thumb|left|[[Command Module Columbia|''Columbia'']] on display in the Milestones of Flight exhibition hall at the [[National Air and Space Museum]]]]

The [[Command Module Columbia|command module ''Columbia'']] went on a tour of the United States, visiting 49 state capitals, the [[Washington, D.C.|District of Columbia]], and [[Anchorage, Alaska]].<ref>{{cite web |title=The Last Time the Command Module ''Columbia'' Toured |date=February 25, 2017 |first=Allan |last=Needell |url=https://airandspace.si.edu/stories/editorial/last-time-command-module-columbia-toured |website=Smithsonian Air and Space Museum |access-date=November 9, 2018 |archive-date=November 1, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101145215/https://airandspace.si.edu/stories/editorial/last-time-command-module-columbia-toured |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1971, it was transferred to the [[Smithsonian Institution]], and was displayed at the [[National Air and Space Museum]] (NASM) in Washington, DC.<ref name=SIColumbia/> It was in the central ''Milestones of Flight'' exhibition hall in front of the Jefferson Drive entrance, sharing the main hall with other pioneering flight vehicles such as the ''[[Wright Flyer]]'', ''[[Spirit of St. Louis]]'', [[Bell X-1]], [[North American X-15]] and ''[[Friendship 7]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://airandspace.si.edu/about/history/museum-dc |title=Museum in DC |website=Smithsonian Air and Space Museum |access-date=September 25, 2018 |date=May 3, 2016 |archive-date=November 11, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111064813/https://airandspace.si.edu/about/history/museum-dc |url-status=live }}</ref>

''Columbia'' was moved in 2017 to the NASM Mary Baker Engen Restoration Hangar at the [[Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center]] in Chantilly, Virginia, to be readied for a four-city tour titled ''Destination Moon: The Apollo 11 Mission''. This included [[Space Center Houston]] from October 14, 2017, to March 18, 2018, the [[Saint Louis Science Center]] from April 14 to September 3, 2018, the Senator John [[Heinz History Center]] in [[Pittsburgh]] from September 29, 2018, to February 18, 2019, and its last location at [[Museum of Flight]] in [[Seattle]] from March 16 to September 2, 2019.<ref name=SIColumbia>{{cite web|title=Apollo 11 Command Module ''Columbia''|url=https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/command-module-apollo-11|website=[[Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum]]|access-date=August 27, 2017|archive-date=July 20, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190720224030/https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/command-module-apollo-11|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.airspacemag.com/daily-planet/apollo-11-artifacts-go-tour-180962247/#vdLWIR4Sfofhv24g.99 |title=Apollo 11 Moonship To Go On Tour |first=Rebecca |last=Maksel |magazine=Air and Space Magazine |date=February 22, 2017 |access-date=August 27, 2017 |archive-date=August 27, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827214927/http://www.airspacemag.com/daily-planet/apollo-11-artifacts-go-tour-180962247/#vdLWIR4Sfofhv24g.99 |url-status=live }}</ref> Continued renovations at the Smithsonian allowed time for an additional stop for the capsule, and it was moved to the [[Cincinnati Museum Center]]. The ribbon cutting ceremony was on September 29, 2019.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.collectspace.com/news/news-093019a-destination-moon-cincinnati-museum.html|title=Neil Armstrong's sons help open exhibit of father's spacecraft in Ohio|date=September 30, 2019|website=collectSPACE|access-date=October 18, 2019|archive-date=March 1, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301034818/http://www.collectspace.com/news/news-093019a-destination-moon-cincinnati-museum.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

For 40 years Armstrong's and Aldrin's space suits were displayed in the museum's ''Apollo to the Moon'' exhibit,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/apollo-moon|title=Apollo to the Moon|website=Smithsonian Air and Space Museum|access-date=September 25, 2018|date=March 20, 2003|archive-date=September 25, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180925025805/https://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/apollo-moon|url-status=live}}</ref> until it permanently closed on December 3, 2018, to be replaced by a new gallery which was scheduled to open in 2022. A special display of Armstrong's suit was unveiled for the 50th anniversary of Apollo 11 in July 2019.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.collectspace.com/news/news-113018a-nasm-apollo-moon-closure.html |title='Apollo to the Moon' no more: Air and Space Museum closes gallery |website=collectSPACE |access-date=December 16, 2018 |archive-date=February 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225233644/http://www.collectspace.com/news/news-113018a-nasm-apollo-moon-closure.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-space-exploration-moon-spacesuit/neil-armstrongs-apollo-11-spacesuit-unveiled-at-smithsonian-idUSKCN1UB2GX|title=Neil Armstrong's Apollo 11 spacesuit unveiled at Smithsonian|website=Reuters|date=July 16, 2019|access-date=December 21, 2019|archive-date=January 26, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126094418/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-space-exploration-moon-spacesuit/neil-armstrongs-apollo-11-spacesuit-unveiled-at-smithsonian-idUSKCN1UB2GX|url-status=live}}</ref> The quarantine trailer, the flotation collar and the flotation bags are in the Smithsonian's [[Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center]] annex near [[Washington Dulles International Airport]] in Chantilly, Virginia, where they are on display along with a test lunar module.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/mobile-quarantine-facility|title=Mobile Quarantine Facility|website=Smithsonian Air and Space Museum|access-date=September 30, 2018|date=March 20, 2016|archive-date=August 10, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180810075621/https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/mobile-quarantine-facility|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/flotation-collar-apollo-11|title=Apollo 11 Flotation Collar|website=Smithsonian Air and Space Museum|access-date=September 30, 2018|date=March 20, 2016|archive-date=August 9, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180809001701/https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/flotation-collar-apollo-11|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://airandspace.si.edu/newsroom/press-releases/national-air-and-space-museum-moves-apollo-artifact-future-home|title=National Air and Space Museum Moves Apollo Artifact to Future Home|website=Smithsonian Air and Space Museum|access-date=September 25, 2018|date=September 15, 2015|archive-date=October 23, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023205740/https://airandspace.si.edu/newsroom/press-releases/national-air-and-space-museum-moves-apollo-artifact-future-home|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[File:ArmstrongSuit.jpg|left|thumb|Armstrong's space suit on display at the [[National Air and Space Museum]] in its new exhibit]]
The descent stage of the LM ''Eagle'' remains on the Moon. In 2009, the [[Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter]] (LRO) imaged the various Apollo landing sites on the surface of the Moon, for the first time with sufficient resolution to see the descent stages of the lunar modules, scientific instruments, and foot trails made by the astronauts.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/multimedia/lroimages/apollosites.html |title=LRO Sees Apollo Landing Sites |publisher=NASA |access-date=September 25, 2018 |date=July 17, 2009 |archive-date=February 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210215074327/https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/multimedia/lroimages/apollosites.html |url-status=live }}</ref> 

The remains of the ascent stage are assumed to lie at an unknown location on the lunar surface. The ascent stage,  ''Eagle'', was not tracked after it was jettisoned.  The lunar gravity field is sufficiently non-uniform to make low Moon orbits unstable after a short time, leading the orbiting object to impact the surface.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://airandspace.si.edu/explore-and-learn/topics/apollo/apollo-program/spacecraft/location/lm.cfm?dom=pscau |title=Location of Apollo Lunar Modules |website=Smithsonian Air and Space Museum |access-date=September 24, 2018 |archive-date=July 26, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726080107/https://airandspace.si.edu/explore-and-learn/topics/apollo/apollo-program/spacecraft/location/lm.cfm?dom=pscau |url-status=live }}</ref> However, using a program developed by NASA, and high-resolution lunar gravity data, a paper was published, in 2021, indicating that ''Eagle'' might still be in orbit as late as 2020. Using the orbital elements published by NASA, a [[Monte Carlo method]] was used to generate parameter sets that bracket the uncertainties in these elements. All simulations, of the orbit, predicted that ''Eagle'' would never impact the lunar surface.<ref name="Impact">{{cite journal |last1=Meador |first1=James |title=Long-term orbit stability of the Apollo 11 "Eagle" Lunar Module Ascent Stage |journal=Planetary and Space Science |date=October 2021 |volume=205 |pages=105304 |doi=10.1016/j.pss.2021.105304|arxiv=2105.10088 |bibcode=2021P&SS..20505304M |s2cid=235125876  |issn = 0032-0633}}</ref>

{{multiple image
 | align = right
 | total_width = 350
 | image1 = F-1 Injector Plate (Front) (cropped).jpg
 | image2 = F-1 Injector Plate (Rear) (cropped).jpg
 | footer = F-1 Engine Injector Plate on temporary display at the [[Cincinnati Museum Center]] in 2019
}}
In March 2012 a team of specialists financed by [[Amazon.com|Amazon]] founder [[Jeff Bezos]] located the [[Rocketdyne F-1|F-1 engines]] from the S-IC stage that launched Apollo 11 into space. They were found on the Atlantic seabed using advanced sonar scanning.<ref>{{cite news |title=Amazon boss Jeff Bezos 'finds Apollo 11 Moon engines' |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-17544565 |publisher=BBC News |location=London |date=March 28, 2012 |access-date=June 14, 2013 |archive-date=November 12, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112000849/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-17544565 |url-status=live }}</ref> His team brought parts of two of the five engines to the surface. In July 2013, a conservator discovered a serial number under the rust on one of the engines raised from the Atlantic, which NASA confirmed was from Apollo 11.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/innovations/wp/2013/07/19/bezos-expeditions-retrieves-and-identifies-apollo-11-engine-5-nasa-confirms-identity/ |title=Bezos Expeditions retrieves and identifies Apollo 11 engine #5, NASA confirms identity |last=Kolawole |first=Emi |date=July 19, 2013 |access-date=February 13, 2017 |newspaper=The Washington Post |archive-date=January 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115192857/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/innovations/wp/2013/07/19/bezos-expeditions-retrieves-and-identifies-apollo-11-engine-5-nasa-confirms-identity/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/26447397/albuquerque_journal/|title=Apollo 11 engine find confirmed|newspaper=Albuquerque Journal|date=July 21, 2013|page=5|via=Newspapers.com|location=Albuquerque, New Mexico|access-date=December 23, 2018|archive-date=April 7, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190407205529/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/26447397/albuquerque_journal/|url-status=live}}</ref> The S-IVB third stage which performed Apollo 11's trans-lunar injection remains in a solar orbit near to that of Earth.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1969-059B|title=Apollo 11 SIVB NSSDCA/COSPAR ID: 1969-059B|publisher=NASA|work=NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive|access-date=December 30, 2018|archive-date=January 25, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125192348/https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1969-059B|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[File:430-L1-S1 640.jpg|thumb|Pieces of fabric and wood from the first airplane, the 1903 ''[[Wright Flyer]]'', traveled to the Moon in Apollo 11's [[Lunar Module Eagle|Lunar Module ''Eagle'']] and are displayed at the [[Wright Brothers National Memorial]].]]