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== Deaths == === January === [[File:MarcelinaDarowska1DSC 0167.JPG|thumb|100px|[[Marcelina Darowska]]]] [[File:Sir Francis Galton by Charles Wellington Furse.jpg|thumb|100px|Sir [[Francis Galton]]]] * [[January 1]] – [[John I. Curtin]], American general (b. 1837) * [[January 3]] ** [['Abd al-Ahad Khan]], Emir of Bukhara (b. 1859) ** [[Alexandros Papadiamantis]], Greek poet (b. 1851) * [[January 4]] ** [[Stefano Bruzzi]], Italian painter (b. 1835) ** [[Francesco Segna]], Italian [[Roman Catholic]] cardinal (b. 1836) * [[January 5]] ** [[Walter Beatty]], Canadian political figure (b. 1836) ** [[Marcelina Darowska]], Polish [[Roman Catholic]] nun, saint (b. 1827) * [[January 6]] – [[Sir John Aird, 1st Baronet]], English civil engineer (b. 1833) * [[January 8]] – [[Pietro Gori]], Italian lawyer, journalist and poet (b. 1865) * [[January 12]] – [[Georg Jellinek]], Austrian legal philosopher (b. [[1851]]) * [[January 13]] – [[Władysław Czachórski]], Polish painter (b. 1850) * [[January 15]] – [[Carolina Coronado]], Spanish poet (b. 1820) * [[January 17]] – Sir [[Francis Galton]], British explorer, biologist (b. 1822) * [[January 23]] – [[Edmund Beswick]], English rugby football player (b. 1858) === February === [[File:GiuseppinaVannini.jpg|thumbnail|100px|right|Saint [[Giuditta Vannini]]]] [[File:Alice Morse 1873.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Alice Morse Earle]]]] * [[February 1]] – [[Charles Stillman Sperry]], American admiral (b. 1847) * [[February 2]] – [[Archduke Johann Salvator of Austria]] (b. 1852) * [[February 4]] ** [[Piet Cronjé]], Boer general (b. 1836) **[[John W. Blaisdell]], American stage actor (b. 1840) * [[February 8]] – [[Joaquín Costa]], Spanish politician, lawyer, economist and historian (b. 1846) * [[February 10]] – [[Gustavo Maria Bruni]], Italian childhood [[Roman Catholic]] servant of God (b. 1903) * [[February 14]] – [[David Boyle (archaeologist)|David Boyle]], Canadian archaeologist (b. 1842) * [[February 15]] ** [[Theodor Escherich]], German-born Austrian pediatrician (b. 1857)<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Shulman |first1=S. T. |last2=Friedmann |first2=H. C. |last3=Sims |first3=R. H. |title=Theodor Escherich: The First Pediatric Infectious Diseases Physician? |journal=Clinical Infectious Diseases |date=15 October 2007 |volume=45 |issue=8 |pages=1025–1029 |doi=10.1086/521946 |pmid=17879920 |doi-access=free }}</ref> ** [[Pavel Grigorievich Dukmasov]], Russian general (b. 1838) * [[February 16]] – [[Alice Morse Earle]], American historian (b. 1851) * [[February 18]] – [[Buttons Briggs]], American baseball player (b. 1875) * [[February 21]] – [[Isidre Nonell]], Spanish painter (b. 1873) * [[February 23]] ** [[Richard Henry Beddome]], British military officer, naturalist (b. 1830) ** [[Giuditta Vannini]], Italian [[Roman Catholic]] religious professed, blessed (b. 1859) * [[February 25]] – [[Fritz von Uhde]], German painter (b. 1848) === March === [[File:Jacobus van 't Hoff by Perscheid 1904.jpg|thumb|100px|right|[[Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff]]]] [[File:DraganTsankov.jpg|thumb|100px|right|[[Dragan Tsankov]]]] * [[March 1]] – [[Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff]], Dutch chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. 1852) * [[March 6]] ** [[Mary Anne Barker]], English author (b. 1831) ** [[Thierry, Count of Limburg Stirum]], Belgian historian (b. 1827) * [[March 11]] – [[Théotime Blanchard]], Canadian farmer, teacher, merchant and politician (b. 1844) * [[March 18]] ** [[Richard Chaffey Baker|Richard Baker]], Australian politician (b. 1842) ** [[Anna Brackett]], American feminist, educator (b. 1836) * [[March 21]] – [[Shams-ul-haq Azeemabadi]], Indian Islamic scholar (b. [[1857]]) * [[March 22]] – [[William Collins (bishop)|William Collins]], British [[Anglican]] bishop (b. 1867) * [[March 24]] ** [[Rodolphe-Madeleine Cleophas Dareste de La Chavanne]], French jurist (b. 1824) ** [[Dragan Tsankov]], Bulgarian politician, 3rd [[Prime Minister of Bulgaria]] (b. 1828) * [[March 27]] – [[Margarita Savitskaya]], Russian actress (b. 1868) * [[March 28]] – [[Samuel Franklin Emmons]], American geologist (b. 1841) * [[March 30]] ** [[Pellegrino Artusi]], Italian businessman (b. 1820) ** [[Ellen Swallow Richards]], American chemist (b. [[1842]]) === April === [[File:Georg (Schaumburg-Lippe).jpg|thumbnail|100px|right|[[George, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe]]]] * [[April 5]] – [[Charles Frederic Moberly Bell]], British journalist and newspaper editor (b. 1847) * [[April 9]] – [[Manuel Aguirre de Tejada]], Spanish politician and lawyer (b. 1827) * [[April 10]] – [[Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis]], Lithuanian artist and composer (b. 1875)<ref>{{cite book|author=Jolanta Hauser|title=Mikalojus Konstantinas Ciurlionis: Zu Leben und Werk eines litauischen Komponisten und Malers|publisher=Diplom.de|year=2002|isbn=9783832450878|language=de|page=14}}</ref> * [[April 12]] – [[James Mathers (missionary)|James Mathers]], Irish missionary (b. 1854) * [[April 14]] ** [[Addie Joss]], American baseball player, [[National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum|Major League Baseball Hall of Fame]] member (b. 1880) ** [[Denman Thompson]], American actor, playwright (b. 1833) * [[April 25]] – [[Emilio Salgari]], Italian writer (b. 1862) * [[April 26]] – [[Pedro Paterno]], Filipino politician (b. 1857) * [[April 29]] – [[Georg, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe]] (b. 1846) === May === [[File:Photo of Gustav Mahler by Moritz N%C3%A4hr 01.jpg|thumb|100px|right|[[Gustav Mahler]]]] [[File:Bánffy Dezső Ellinger.jpg|thumb|100px|right|Baron [[Dezső Bánffy]]]] * [[May 6]] ** [[Robert Alden]], American author (b. 1836) ** [[René Vallon]], French aviator (b. 1880)<ref>{{cite book |url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k9808029q/f218.item.texteImage |last=Dépagniat |first=Roger |language=French |title=Les Martyrs de l'Aviation |trans-title=The Martyrs of Aviation |publisher=E. Basset and Co. |location=Paris |date=1912 }}</ref> * [[May 9]] – [[Thomas Wentworth Higginson]], American Unitarian minister and abolitionist (b. 1823) * [[May 16]] – [[Gheorghe Manu]], 17th [[Prime Minister of Romania]] (b. 1833) * [[May 18]] – [[Gustav Mahler]], Austrian composer (b. [[1860]])<ref>{{cite book|last1=Fischer|first1=Jens Malte|last2=Translated by Stewart Spencer|title=Gustav Mahler|date=April 2013|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-19411-1|pages=684|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rnBj5mrK7moC&pg=PA680|access-date=June 2, 2022|archive-date=April 15, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415173532/https://books.google.com/books?id=rnBj5mrK7moC&pg=PA680|url-status=live}}</ref> * [[May 21]] – [[Williamina Fleming]], Scottish astronomer (b. 1857)<ref>{{cite book|first1=Deborah|last1=Todd|first2=Joseph|last2=Angelo|title=A to Z of Scientists in Space and Astronomy|location=New York|publisher=Facts of File|year=2003|page=118|isbn=978-0-81604-639-3}}</ref> * [[May 23]] – [[John Douglas (English architect)|John Douglas]], English architect (b. 1830) * [[May 24]] – [[Dezső Bánffy]], 12th [[Prime Minister of Hungary]] (b. 1843) * [[May 25]] ** [[Vasily Klyuchevsky]], Russian historian (b. 1841) ** [[William Ridley (bishop)|William Ridley]], British missionary (b. 1836) * [[May 27]] – [[Thursday October Christian II]], Pitcairn Islands leader (b. 1820) * [[May 29]] ** [[Benjamin Broomhall]], British advocate (b. 1829) ** [[Daniel W. Burke]], American soldier (b. 1841) ** [[Stephanus Jacobus du Toit]], South African nationalist, theologian, journalist and politician (b. 1847) ** [[W. S. Gilbert]], English dramatist (b. 1836) * [[May 30]] – [[Milton Bradley]], American businessman and board game pioneer (b. [[1836]]) === June === [[File:Rouvier.jpg|thumbnail|100px|right|[[Maurice Rouvier]]]] * [[June 1]] – [[Claudio Brindis de Salas Garrido]], Cuban violinist (b. 1852) * [[June 2]] – [[Axel Olof Freudenthal]], Finnish philologist, politician (b. 1836) * [[June 5]] – [[Édouard Bague]], French aviator (b. 1879) * [[June 7]] ** [[William Gordon (bishop of Leeds)|William Gordon]], British [[Roman Catholic]] prelate (b. 1831) ** [[Maurice Rouvier]], French statesman, [[Prime Minister of France]] (b. 1842) * [[June 9]] – [[Carrie Nation]], American temperance activist (b. 1846) * [[June 16]] – [[Joshua H. Berkey]], American publisher, minister and political activist (b. 1852) * [[June 20]] – [[Ghazaros Aghayan]], Armenian writer, educator, folklorist, historian, linguist and public figure (b. 1840) * [[June 23]] – [[Cecrope Barilli]], Italian painter (b. 1839) * [[June 25]] – [[Princess Maria Clotilde of Savoy]] (b. 1843) * [[June 26]] – [[Lucy Hughes Brown]], American physician (b. 1863) === July === [[File:GeorgeJohnstoneStoney(1826-1911),Undated(DateGuessedEarly1890s).jpg|thumb|100px|right|[[George Johnstone Stoney]]]] [[File:Grand Duchess Alexandra Iosifovna.jpg|thumb|100px|right|[[Princess Alexandra of Saxe-Altenburg]]]] * [[July 2]] ** [[José Dias Correia de Carvalho]], Portuguese [[Roman Catholic]] bishop (b. 1830) ** [[Mary M. Cohen]], American social economist (b. 1854) ** [[Clement A. Evans]], American Confederate general (b. 1833) * [[July 5]] ** [[Maria Pia of Savoy]], [[Queen consort of Portugal]] (b. 1847) ** [[George Johnstone Stoney]], Irish physicist (b. [[1826]]) * [[July 6]] – [[Princess Alexandra of Saxe-Altenburg]] (b. 1830) * [[July 8]] – [[Henry Perrine Baldwin]], American businessman (b. 1842) * [[July 11]] – [[Laura Jacinta Rittenhouse]], American temperance activist and juvenile literature author (b. 1841) * [[July 14]] – [[Ignaz von Peczely]], Hungarian scientist, physician and homeopath (b. 1826) * [[July 15]] ** [[Carlo Ademollo]], Italian painter (b. 1824) ** [[Louisa Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire]] (b. 1832) * [[July 16]] – [[August Harambašić]], Croatian writer (b. 1861) * [[July 17]] – [[Rufino José Cuervo]], Colombian linguist, philologist and writer (b. 1844) * [[July 19]] – [[Manuel Iradier]], Spanish explorer and Africanist (b. 1854) * [[July 20]] – [[Caleb Cook Baldwin]], American [[Presbyterian]] missionary (b. 1820) * [[July 25]] ** [[Edmund Bogdanowicz]], Polish poet, writer and journalist (b. 1857) ** [[Carmen Salles y Barangueras]], Spanish [[Roman Catholic]] religious professed and saint (b. 1848) * [[July 26]] – [[José Alves de Cerqueira César]], Brazilian politician (b. 1835) === August === [[File:Konrad Duden 1829-1911.jpg|thumb|100px|right|[[Konrad Duden]]]] [[File:Nizam Mahboob Ali Khan Asaf Jah VI.png|thumb|100px|right|[[Mahbub Ali Khan]]]] * [[August 1]] ** [[Edwin Austin Abbey]], American painter (b. 1852) ** [[Konrad Duden]], German philologist (b. 1829) * [[August 2]] – [[Ioryi Mucitano]], Aromanian revolutionary (b. 1882)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://struma.news/istoriya-i-tradicii/na-6-maj-1869-g-v-selo-bojmica-e-roden-apostol-petkov-terziev-postol-vojvoda/|title=На 6 май 1869 г. в село Боймица е роден Апостол Петков Терзиев (Постол войвода)|first=Simona|last=Georgieva|newspaper=Struma News|date=6 May 2020|language=bg|access-date=July 14, 2023|archive-date=July 14, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230714133106/https://struma.news/istoriya-i-tradicii/na-6-maj-1869-g-v-selo-bojmica-e-roden-apostol-petkov-terziev-postol-vojvoda/|url-status=live}}</ref> * [[August 6]] – [[Florentino Ameghino]], Argentine naturalist, paleontologist, anthropologist and zoologist (b. 1853) * [[August 7]] ** [[Elizabeth Akers Allen]], American poet and journalist (b. 1832) ** [[José Rafael Balmaceda]], Chilean politician, diplomat (b. 1850) * [[August 11]] ** [[Isabela de Rosis]], Italian [[Roman Catholic]] religious sister, servant of God and Venerable (b. 1842) ** [[Albert Ladenburg]], German chemist (b. [[1842]]) * [[August 12]] – [[Jules Brunet]], French military leader (b. 1838) * [[August 14]] – [[Henry Rathbone]], Union Army officer and diplomat (b. [[1837]]) * [[August 15]] – [[William R. Badger]], American pioneer aviator (b. 1886) * [[August 16]] – [[Patrick Francis Moran]], Australian cardinal, [[Catholic Bishops and Archbishops of Sydney|Archbishop of Sydney]] (b. 1830) * [[August 17]] – [[Petro Nini Luarasi]], Albanian activist (b. 1854) * [[August 29]] – [[Mahbub Ali Khan]] of Hyderabad (b. 1886) * [[August 31]] – [[Benjamin Grierson]], American Civil War general (b. [[1826]]) === September === [[File:Pyotr Stolypin LOC 07327.jpg|thumbnail|100px|right|[[Pyotr Stolypin]]]] * [[September 4]] – [[John Francon Williams]], Welsh-born journalist, writer, geographer, historian, cartographer and inventor (b. 1854) * [[September 7]] – [[Friedrich Breitfuss]], Russian philatelist (b. 1851) * [[September 9]] – [[Francis March]], American comparative linguist (b. [[1825]]) * [[September 12]] – [[William Alexander (bishop)|William Alexander]], Irish Anglican bishop, Primate of All Ireland (b. [[1824]]) * [[September 15]] – [[Joel Benton]], American writer, poet and lecturer (b. 1832) * [[September 16]] – [[Edward Whymper]], British explorer, mountaineer (b. 1840) * [[September 18]] – [[Pyotr Stolypin]], 3rd [[Prime Minister of Russia]] (assassinated) (b. 1862) * [[September 20]] – [[Sir Robert Hart, 1st Baronet]], British diplomat (b. 1835) * [[September 23]] – [[John Arthur Barry]], British-born Australian journalist, author (b. 1850) * [[September 25]] – [[Emma Helen Blair]], American journalist, editor (b. 1851) * [[September 29]] – [[Henry Northcote, 1st Baron Northcote]], 3rd [[Governor-General of Australia]] (b. 1846) * [[September 30]] – [[Herbert Hope Risley|Sir Herbert Risley]], British ethnographer and colonial administrator (b. 1851) === October === [[File:Carolina Beatriz Ângelo.jpg|thumb|100px|right|[[Carolina Beatriz Ângelo]]]] [[File:Antonio Borrero2.jpg|thumb|100px|right|[[Antonio Borrero]]]] [[File:José López Domínguez (Palacio del Senado de España).jpg|thumb|100px|right|[[José López Domínguez]]]] * [[October]] – [[Blanche Atkinson]], British novelist (b. 1847) * [[October 1]] – [[Wilhelm Dilthey]], German psychologist, sociologist and philosopher (b. 1833) * [[October 2]] ** [[Cromwell Dixon]], American aviator (b. 1892)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.helenahistory.org/cromwell-dixon.htm |title=Cromwell Dixon 1892-1911 |access-date=October 5, 2023 |archive-date=November 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231109062029/http://www.helenahistory.org/cromwell-dixon.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> ** [[Winfield Scott Schley]], American admiral (b. 1839) * [[October 3]] – [[Carolina Beatriz Ângelo]], Portuguese physician (b. 1878) * [[October 5]] – [[William Astley]], Australian writer (b. 1855) * [[October 7]] ** [[John Hughlings Jackson]], English neurologist (b. 1835) ** [[Elmer McCurdy]], American outlaw (b. 1880) * [[October 8]] – [[Lee Batchelor]], Australian politician (b. 1865) * [[October 9]] ** [[Cornelius Newton Bliss]], American merchant, politician and collector (b. 1833) ** [[Antonio Borrero]], 10th [[President of Ecuador]] (b. 1827) * [[October 11]] ** [[Dimitar Agura]], Bulgarian historian (b. 1849) ** [[Henry Broadhurst]], British trade unionist, politician (b. 1840) ** [[Elena Arellano Chamorro]], Nicaraguan pioneer educator (b. 1836) * [[October 13]] – [[Miguel Malvar]], Filipino general (b. 1865) * [[October 14]] – [[John Marshall Harlan]], U.S. Supreme Court Justice (b. 1833) * [[October 17]] – [[José López Domínguez]], Spanish military officer, politician and 24th [[Prime Minister of Spain]] (b. 1829) * [[October 18]] – [[Alfred Binet]], French psychologist (b. 1857) * [[October 19]] – [[Eugene Burton Ely]], American aviation pioneer (b. 1886) * [[October 24]] – [[Ida Lewis (lighthouse keeper)|Ida Lewis]], American lighthouse keeper (b. 1842) * [[October 27]] – [[Arthur Lloyd (missionary)|Arthur Lloyd]], British [[Anglican]] missionary (b. 1852) * [[October 28]] – [[Clement V. Rogers]], Cherokee politician, father of [[Will Rogers]] (b. 1839) * [[October 29]] – [[Joseph Pulitzer]], Hungarian-born newspaper publisher, journalist (b. [[1847]])<ref>"Joseph Pulitzer Dies Here," ''Charleston [S.C.] News & Courier'', October 30, 1911, p. 1</ref> * [[October 30]] – [[Elizabeth Herbert, Baroness Herbert of Lea]], English Catholic writer, translator, philanthropist and social figure (b. [[1822]]) * [[October 31]] – [[John Joseph Montgomery]], American glider pioneer (b. 1858) === November === [[File:Christian Lundeberg.jpg|thumb|100px|right|[[Christian Lundeberg]]]] [[File:Ramon Caceres.jpg|thumb|100px|right|[[Ramón Cáceres]]]] [[File:Nikola Hristić 3.jpg|thumb|100px|right|[[Nikola Hristić]]]] * [[November 2]] – [[Kyrle Bellew]], English actor (b. 1850) * [[November 3]] – [[George Chrystal]], British mathematician (b. 1851) * [[November 7]] ** [[Constantin Budisteanu]], Romanian soldier, politician (b. 1838) ** [[Nathaniel Bull]], Australian politician (b. 1842) * [[November 8]] – [[Oscar Bielaski]], American baseball player (b. 1847) * [[November 9]] – [[Howard Pyle]], American artist and fiction writer (b. 1853) * [[November 10]] – [[Christian Lundeberg]], Swedish politician, 10th [[Prime Minister of Sweden]] (b. 1842) * [[November 11]] – [[Josef Roman Lorenz]], Austrian naturalist (b. 1825) * [[November 14]] – [[Francis Buxton]], British barrister and politician (b. 1847) * [[November 19]] ** [[Billy Beaumont]], English football player (b. 1883) ** [[Ramón Cáceres]], 31st [[President of the Dominican Republic]] (b. 1866) * [[November 20]] – [[Sophia Frances Anne Caulfeild]], British needlework artist (b. 1824) * [[November 22]] ** [[William George Aston]], British consular official (b. 1841) ** [[John Sanford Barnes]], American businessman (b. 1836) * [[November 23]] ** [[James George Bell]], American businessman, settler (b. 1831) ** [[Bernard Tancred]], South African cricketer (b. 1865) * [[November 25]] – [[Paul Lafargue]], French Marxist theorist, activist (b. 1842) * [[November 26]] ** [[Komura Jutarō]], Japanese statesman (b. 1855) ** [[Nikola Hristić]], [[Prime Minister of Serbia]] (b. 1818) * [[November 28]] – [[Preston Jacobus]], American developer, businessman and politician (b. 1864) * [[November 29]] – [[Stanley Calvert Clarke]], British army officer, courtier === December === [[File:Maximov by Kramskoi.jpg|thumbnail|100px|right|[[Vassily Maximov]]]] [[File:Emilio Estrada Carmona.jpg|thumbnail|100px|right|[[Emilio Estrada Carmona]]]] * [[December 1]] – [[Vassily Maximov]], Russian painter (b. 1844) * [[December 2]] ** [[George Davidson (geographer)|George Davidson]], English-born American geodesist, astronomer, geographer, surveyor and engineer (b. 1825) ** [[Eugène Alphonse Dyer]], Canadian merchant, farmer and political figure (b. 1838) * [[December 7]] – [[Robert Maitland Brereton]], English railway engineer (b. 1834) * [[December 9]] – Blessed [[Bernard Mary of Jesus]], Italian [[Roman Catholic]] priest, blessed (b. 1831) * [[December 10]] – Sir [[Joseph Dalton Hooker]], English botanist (b. 1817) * [[December 11]] – [[Thomas Ball (artist)|Thomas Ball]], American sculptor, musician (b. 1819) * [[December 13]] – [[Nikolay Beketov]], Russian chemist (b. 1827) * [[December 19]] – [[John Bigelow]], American lawyer, statesman (b. 1817) * [[December 20]] – [[Rose Eytinge]], American actress (b. 1835) * [[December 21]] ** [[Catharine H. T. Avery]], American author and editor (b. 1844) ** [[Emilio Estrada Carmona]], 18th [[President of Ecuador]] (b. 1855) * [[December 22]] ** [[Mary Jane Coggeshall]], American suffragist (b. 1836) ** [[Odilon Lannelongue]], French surgeon (b. 1840) * [[December 24]] – [[Hyacinth (Jacek) Gulski]], American [[Roman Catholic]] priest (b. 1847) * [[December 25]] – [[Arthur F. Griffith]], American calculating prodigy (b. 1880)
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