Editing Xiamen (section)

==Transportation==

===Local transportation===
The [[Gaoji Causeway]], five main road bridges (the Jimei, Xiamen, Xiang'an, Xinglin, and [[Haicang Bridge]]s), and two undersea tunnels (Xiang'an Tunnel and Haicang Tunnel) link [[Xiamen Island]] with the mainland.

The main forms of public transportation in Xiamen are buses, [[bus rapid transit]] (BRT), and the subway. People now can use [[Alipay]], a mobile payment application by [[Alibaba Group|Alibaba]], to pay for the city's bus, subway, and BRT.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.taihainet.com/news/xmnews/ldjj/2019-07-26/2289498.html|script-title=zh:厦门地铁BRT都能刷支付宝了|access-date=16 August 2019|archive-date=16 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190816082717/http://www.taihainet.com/news/xmnews/ldjj/2019-07-26/2289498.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

Taxis can be easily hailed in most areas of the city. Bicycles are commonly used by residents, especially on Xiamen Island. Unlike many Chinese cities, motorcycles, mopeds, tricycles, and wooden handcarts are not permitted in Xiamen Island (Siming and Huli). The city has upheld a ban on these vehicles since the 1990s. Electric bikes are permitted with proper licensing and obedience of traffic laws.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.whatsonxiamen.com/news39802.html|title=Xiamen cracks down on electric bicycle traffic violations – What's On Xiamen|website=whatsonxiamen.com|access-date=31 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160902154307/http://www.whatsonxiamen.com/news39802.html|archive-date=2 September 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> On the small island of [[Gulangyu Island|Gulangyu]] off Xiamen Island, automobiles are also banned.

===Railway===
[[File:2Fから見た1Fセキュリティゲート.jpg|thumb|right|[[Xiamen North Railway Station]]]]
Xiamen is a railway hub city in southeast coast of China and has two stations, Xiamen Railway Station and Xiamen North Railway Station. Passengers can buy the tickets on [[China Railway|www.12306.cn]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://english.xm.gov.cn/citytour/traffic/201801/t20180122_1842483.html|title=XIAMEN MUNICIPAL PEOPLE'S GOVERNMENT|website=english.xm.gov.cn|access-date=26 July 2019|archive-date=26 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190726040808/http://english.xm.gov.cn/citytour/traffic/201801/t20180122_1842483.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

Xiamen is served by the [[Yingtan–Xiamen railway]], [[Fuzhou–Xiamen railway]], [[Longyan–Xiamen railway]] and the [[Xiamen–Shenzhen railway]], which are connected to [[List of railway lines in China|China's national railway network]] and make it possible for passengers to arrive in Shanghai in five hours, Shenzhen in three-hour, and Fuzhou in two hours, and the [[Fuzhou–Xiamen high-speed railway]] between Fuzhou and Xiamen was opened to traffic on 28 September 2023. Currently, an intercity rail transit connecting Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Quanzhou are under plan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://swj.xm.gov.cn/tzzx/tzzn/201604/P020190626558382729718.pdf|title=2019 Xiamen Investment Manual|access-date=19 July 2019|archive-date=19 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190719084947/http://swj.xm.gov.cn/tzzx/tzzn/201604/P020190626558382729718.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>

The [[Xiamen Railway Station]] on the island of Xiamen is connected to the mainland by a railway bridge. It is 10&nbsp;km from [[Xiamen Gaoqi International Airport]], 23&nbsp;km from [[Xiamen North railway station]] and 7&nbsp;km from [[South Putuo Temple|Nanputuo Temple]]. First opened in 1957, it underwent major reconstruction and expansion in March 2014 and was put into service again on 4 February 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.xmnn.cn/a/xmxw/201502/t20150204_4344932.htm|script-title=zh:厦门火车站今起重新启用 的士候车区因标识不明车太少_厦门新闻_厦门网|website=news.xmnn.cn|access-date=26 July 2019|archive-date=26 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190726035256/http://news.xmnn.cn/a/xmxw/201502/t20150204_4344932.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>

The [[Xiamen North Railway Station]] is located in Jimei District. In operation since April 2010, the station is 13 kilometers from [[Xiamen Gaoqi International Airport]] and 23&nbsp;km from Xiamen Railway Station. The station operates bullet trains only. At present, its trains run to [[Beijing]], [[Shanghai]], [[Fuzhou]], [[Wuhan]], [[Chongqing]], [[Nanjing]], [[Shenzhen]] and other cities.

===Road===
The expressway networks of Xiamen and the mid-west area of Chinese mainland are connected seamlessly by Shenyang-Haikou Highway, Xiamen-Chengdu Highway, Xiamen-Shaxian Highway, and urban expressways.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://swj.xm.gov.cn/tzzx/tzzn/201604/P020190626558382729718.pdf|title=2019 Xiamen Investment Manual|access-date=19 July 2019|archive-date=19 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190719084947/http://swj.xm.gov.cn/tzzx/tzzn/201604/P020190626558382729718.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Bridge ===
[[File:Haicang Bridge,Puente de Haicang (9172145021).jpg|thumb|The [[Haicang Bridge]] in 2010]]
[[Xiamen Bridge]], the first road bridge in China that crossed the straits, opened to public in 1991. Eight years later, [[Haicang Bridge]] was opened to traffic, which made it Asia's first and world's second suspension bridge with floating rebar at the time. In 2008, Xiamen built [[Jimei Bridge]] and [[Xinglin Bridge]]. Moreover, there is the [[Xiang'an Bridge]], was opened to traffic on 17 January 2023. Meanwhile, 14 roads for entry and exit at the north gate of Xiamen were added to the map. Moreover, there is the [[Xiamen–Kinmen Bridge]], scheduled to be opened to traffic in 2026, under construction. At present, Xiamen is working on a road system containing two inner and outer ring roads as well as eight supplementary roads.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.taihainet.com/news/xmnews/ldjj/2019-07-10/2281460.html|script-title=zh:厦门轨道交通2019上半年完成投资88亿元|access-date=16 August 2019|archive-date=16 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190816083436/http://www.taihainet.com/news/xmnews/ldjj/2019-07-10/2281460.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Submarine tunnel ===
In addition to bridges, tunnels also help Xiamen connect the inside and outside parts of the island. [[Xiang'an Tunnel]] is China's first submarine tunnel with large cross-section and is also the sixth route to access Xiamen Island. It was opened to traffic on 26 April 2010, with a total length of 8.695&nbsp;km, of which the tunnel part covering 6.05&nbsp;km connecting Xiaman Island and Xiang'an district. Moreover, there is the [[Haicang Tunnel]], was opened to traffic on 17 June 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://news.xmnn.cn/xmnn/2019/08/09/100579337.shtml |script-title=zh:海沧隧道主隧道将于今年年底贯通 争取2020年底建成通车 |access-date=16 August 2019 |archive-date=16 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190816081936/http://news.xmnn.cn/xmnn/2019/08/09/100579337.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref> It has a total length of 7.102&nbsp;km, of which the tunnel part covering 6.293&nbsp;km. It set three interchange to connect Haicang and Huli districts. Moreover, there is the [[Tong'an Tunnel]], scheduled to be opened to traffic in 2028, under construction.

=== Subway ===
{{Main|Xiamen Metro}}
Xiamen subway initiated construction on 1 April 2014 and was put into experimental operation on 31 December 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://fj.sina.com.cn/news/m/2017-12-27/detail-ifypxrpp4563825.shtml|script-title=zh:厦门地铁1号线12月31日10时将开通试运营|access-date=16 August 2019|archive-date=16 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190816083436/http://fj.sina.com.cn/news/m/2017-12-27/detail-ifypxrpp4563825.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> According to Xiamen's rail traffic planning approved by the central government, the city has three metro lines by 25 June 2021 and will also accelerate the construction of Metro Line 4 and 6, with a total length of 233 kilometers. The city will witness the rapid development of its subway traffic network. The Metro Line [[Line 1 (Xiamen Metro)|1]], [[Line 2 (Xiamen Metro)|2]] and [[Line 3 (Xiamen Metro)|3]] has currently started operation.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://swj.xm.gov.cn/tzzx/tzzn/201604/P020190626558382729718.pdf|title=2019 Xiamen Investment Manual|access-date=19 July 2019|archive-date=19 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190719084947/http://swj.xm.gov.cn/tzzx/tzzn/201604/P020190626558382729718.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== BRT ===
[[File:D09176D at Wenzao Station (20210204144455).jpg|thumb|The [[Xiamen BRT]] at Wenzhao station. Its expressways and elevated roads form a closed network accessible only to the system's buses]]
[[Xiamen BRT]] was put into operation on 31 August 2008. Its BRT system features a dedicated bus-only closed road system with stations and ticketing system similar to light rail. Most of the 115-kilometer (71&nbsp;mi) BRT network consists of bus lanes along expressways and elevated BRT viaducts on Xiamen Island. BRT routes have no traffic lights and travel speed is limited by design to 60 kilometers per hour (37&nbsp;mph). Nine BRT routes<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://epaper.xmnn.cn/xmrb/20190507/201905/t20190507_5275418.htm |script-title=zh:BRT新增快9路 |access-date=16 August 2019 |archive-date=16 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190816081934/http://epaper.xmnn.cn/xmrb/20190507/201905/t20190507_5275418.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> are currently in service, including BRT-1 Route, BRT-2 Route, Huandao Avenue BRT Route, Chenggong Avenue BRT Route and Connecting BRT Route. The fare is 0.6 RMB per km for the air-conditioned busses. The BRT is supplemented by 20 shuttle bus services that connect nearby places to the BRT stations. The shuttle bus service has a flat rate of 0.5 RMB. Fare discount is available when pre-paid e-card is used.

=== Cycle-way ===
As early as 2013, Haicang built a 13.4-kilometer-long green cycle-way outside Xiamen Island, making it the first district in the city to fulfill a public bicycle system. At the beginning of 2017, Xiamen built the country's first and the world's longest aerial cycle-way.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mnw.cn/xiamen/news/1565799.html|script-title=zh:厦门空中自行车道明日试运行 全长7.6公里全球最长|access-date=16 August 2019|archive-date=16 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190816081933/http://www.mnw.cn/xiamen/news/1565799.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The white hollow guardrails with 1.5 meters high on both sides won't make people "fear of height" or cause any impact on the vision.

===Air===
[[File:Boeing 787 of Xiamen Airlines at Xiamen Gaoqi International Airport.jpg|thumb|[[Boeing 787 Dreamliner]] of [[XiamenAir]] at [[Xiamen Gaoqi International Airport]]]] The [[Xiamen Gaoqi International Airport]] (IATA: XMN; ICAO: ZSAM) in northeastern [[Xiamen Island]] is a main air hub in East China with flights to over 90 domestic and international destinations. Among [[List of airports in the People's Republic of China|airports in China]], Xiamen ranked the top 17th by airport and the top 14th by city in 2024. It handled 27.906946 million passengers in 2024, up 15.8% year-on-year. Total cargo and mail traffic reached 375,652.9 tons, and air traffic exceeded 	193,268, year-on-year growth of 19.5% and 7.7%, respectively.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.xiamenairport.com.cn/gywm/kgdt-open.aspx?id=730&name=%E7%A9%BA%E6%B8%AF%E8%B5%84%E8%AE%AF|script-title=zh:关于我们|website=xiamenairport.com.cn|access-date=24 July 2019}}</ref> The airport is the headquarters hub of [[XiamenAir]] and [[Air Road Cargo]], and hub of [[Shandong Airlines]], [[China Eastern Airlines]] and [[Spring Airlines]].

Xiamen has now launched 187 routes to 128 cities, and is developing into an international air transit hub covering Asia, Europe, North America and Oceania.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://epaper.xmnn.cn/xmrb/20190717/201907/t20190717_5294675.htm|script-title=zh:厦门成为我国主要国际中转城市_厦门日报电子报[厦门日报]_厦门网|website=epaper.xmnn.cn|access-date=24 July 2019|archive-date=24 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190724095048/http://epaper.xmnn.cn/xmrb/20190717/201907/t20190717_5294675.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>

Xiamen has also began the construction of a new airport, [[Xiamen Xiang'an International Airport|Xiamen Xiang’an International Airport]], located on Dadeng Island, designed to replace Gaoqi Airport.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-02-05 |title=Xiamen Xiang'an International Airport |url=https://group.schindler.com/en/media/stories/xiamen-xiangan-international-airport.html |access-date=2025-01-29 |website=Welcome to the Schindler Group |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Xiamen Xiangan Airport New Airport Profile {{!}} CAPA |url=https://centreforaviation.com/data/profiles/newairports/xiamen-xiangan-airport |access-date=2025-01-29 |website=centreforaviation.com}}</ref>

There are also coach bus services connecting Xiamen with [[Hong Kong International Airport]] (HKIA).<ref>"[https://www.hongkongairport.com/en/transport/mainland-connection/mainland-coaches/index.page Mainland Coaches] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180508154704/https://www.hongkongairport.com/en/transport/mainland-connection/mainland-coaches/index.page |date=8 May 2018 }}." [[Hong Kong International Airport]]. Retrieved 8 May 2018. "Services are available at the Coach Station of Terminal 2 for travel to destinations such as [...] Xiamen via different cross-boundary land control points."</ref> Australasia's mass-transit provider [[SkyBus (airport bus)|SkyBus]] is deepening its ties in Asia by partnering with [[XiamenAir|Xiamen Airlines]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.skybus.com.au/announcements/skybus-team-up-with-xiamenair-to-expand-reach-further-into-china|title=SkyBus team up with XiamenAir to expand reach further into China|last=SkyBus|website=SkyBus|access-date=24 July 2019|archive-date=24 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190724095049/https://www.skybus.com.au/announcements/skybus-team-up-with-xiamenair-to-expand-reach-further-into-china|url-status=live}}</ref>

Xiamen began offering 144-hour visa-free transit services to foreign travelers from 53 countries on 1 January 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://readpaper.chinadaily.com.cn/EpaperStation/chinadaily/cndy/2019-01/02/content_37421479.htm|title=Five more cities offer 144-hour visa-free transit}}</ref>

===Sea===
====Ferries====
Xiamen has passenger ferry services to cities along the coast of China as well as the neighbouring island of [[Kinmen]] (Quemoy) to the east, which is administered by the [[Republic of China on Taiwan]]. These ferries are all served from the [[Wutong Ferry Terminal]] to [[Shuitou Pier]], Kinmen on the north-east side of the Xiamen Island (quite distant from downtown Xiamen), ferries to Kinmen take 60 minutes. There are facilities in both directions allowing for quick transfers between [[Xiamen Gaoqi International Airport|Xiamen Gaoqi Airport]] (for Mainland destinations) and [[Kinmen Airport]] (for Taiwanese destinations), which are very popular especially among large tour groups.

While the [[Heping Wharf Ferry Terminal]] on the south-west side of Xiamen Island offers short 5-minute boat rides to the island of [[Gulangyu Island|Gulangyu]], this ferry is only accessible by Xiamen residents. Tourists and non-locals must now take a longer 20-minute ferry ride from the main International Ferry Terminal, also called the [[Dongdu International Terminal]], on the south-west side of Xiamen Island, as of 20 October 2014 with a fare increase from 8RMB to 35RMB. The purpose was to reduce the number of tourists accessing the island in an effort to conserve it. This terminal used to have ferries, taking 90 minutes, to Kinmen Island but were ceased in 2014.

====Port====
{{Main|Port of Xiamen}}
[[File:Port of Xiamen - headquarters - DSCF9290.JPG|thumb|The headquarters of the [[Xiamen Port]] administration.]]
The historic port of Xiamen in Yundang Bay on the southwest side of [[Xiamen Island]] has been converted into a lake by [[land reclamation]] projects.

The present-day [[Port of Xiamen]] lies on the northwestern shore of Xiamen Island, opposite its airport, and at eleven other sites around [[Xiamen Bay]] and along the [[Jiulong River|Jiulong]] estuary, including the neighboring jurisdiction of [[Zhangzhou]]. The port facilities are interconnected by ship, road, and rail. The port has been one of the busiest in China since the early 1980s<ref name="China Briefing Business Guide: Emerging Hotspots">{{cite web|title=China Briefing Business Reports |url=http://shopping.china-briefing.com/index_eproduct_view.php?products_id=21 |publisher=Asia Briefing |year=2009 |access-date=8 February 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090218223602/http://shopping.china-briefing.com/index_eproduct_view.php?products_id=21 |archive-date=18 February 2009 }}</ref> and is serviced by all of the 20 largest shipping lines in the world. In 2021, Xiamen ranked among the [[List of world's busiest container ports|top 13 ports in the world]] for container freight.

The natural coastline in the port area is {{convert|64.5|km|sp=us|0}} while the water is over {{convert|12|m|sp=us|0}} in depth. There are 81 berths, including 16 deep-water berths, of which 6 operate containers of over 10,000 tonnes. Among other cargoes handled, Xiamen is the world's largest supply base for raw [[tungsten]] materials<ref name="China Expat Xiamen City">{{cite web  |title=China Expat city Guide Xiamen  |url=http://www.chinaexpat.com/article/2007/03/15/travel/chinas-50-best-websites-after-china-expat-course.html  |publisher=China Expat  |year=2008  |access-date=8 February 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090124030851/http://chinaexpat.com/article/2007/03/15/travel/chinas-50-best-websites-after-china-expat-course.html  |archive-date=24 January 2009 |url-status=live    }}</ref> and [[sunglasses]], exporting 120 million pairs each year.<ref name="China Expat Xiamen City"/>

Xiamen is also an important base in Fujian province for [[Shipbuilding|making]] medium-sized and large container vessels and yachts.<ref name="China Expat Xiamen City"/>