Editing Transportation Security Administration (section)

=====Pat-downs=====
{{See also|Frisking}}

The new pat-down procedures, which were originally not made public,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/human_nature/2010/11/groping_in_the_dark.html|title=The government's secret plan to feel you up at airports.|last=Saletan|first=William|author-link=William Saletan|date=November 23, 2010|work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]|access-date=April 7, 2013}}</ref> "routinely involve the touching of buttocks and [[genitals]]"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://fas.org/sgp/crs/homesec/R41502.pdf|title=Changes in Airport Passenger Screening Technologies and Procedures: Frequently Asked Questions|last=Elias|first=Bart|date=January 26, 2011|work=[[Congressional Research Service]]|access-date=April 7, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cfr.org/air-transportation-security/debate-over-airport-security/p23673|title=The Debate Over Airport Security|last=Bajoria|first=Jayshree|date=December 28, 2010|publisher=Council on Foreign Relations|access-date=April 7, 2013|archive-date=June 21, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130621143819/http://www.cfr.org/air-transportation-security/debate-over-airport-security/p23673|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-05-21/underwear-bombers-show-limits-of-tsa-s-groping.html|title=Underwear Bombers Show Limits of TSA's Groping|last=Goldberg|first=Jeffrey|date=May 21, 2012|work=[[Bloomberg L.P.]]|access-date=April 7, 2013}}</ref> as well as breasts.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.katu.com/news/local/108607084.html|title=Replacement hip singles out woman for new TSA pat-down|last=Tilkin|first=Dan|date=November 17, 2010|work=KATU|access-date=April 7, 2013|archive-date=October 16, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016235320/http://www.katu.com/news/local/108607084.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> These procedures were controversial, and in a November 2010 poll, 50% of those polled felt that the new pat-down procedures were too extreme, with 48% feeling them justified.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://fivethirtyeight.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/11/22/new-poll-suggests-shift-in-public-views-on-t-s-a-procedures/|title=New Poll Suggests Shift in Public Views on T.S.A. Procedures|last=Silver|first=Nate|date=November 22, 2010|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=April 7, 2013}}</ref> A number of publicized incidents created a public outcry against the invasiveness of the pat-down techniques,<ref>[http://www.myfoxdetroit.com/dpp/news/local/michigan-man-left-covered-in-own-urine-following-tsa-pat-down-20101122-mr Michigan Man Left Covered in Own Urine following TSA Pat-Down] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101123211249/http://www.myfoxdetroit.com/dpp/news/local/michigan-man-left-covered-in-own-urine-following-tsa-pat-down-20101122-mr |date=November 23, 2010 }} [[Fox News]] Detroit, November 22, 2010.</ref><ref>Mike Clary, [http://www.tcpalm.com/news/2010/nov/22/full-body-scanners-trigger-concerns-some-fliers/ Full-body scanners trigger concerns for some fliers] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103202710/http://www.tcpalm.com/news/2010/nov/22/full-body-scanners-trigger-concerns-some-fliers/ |date=November 3, 2013 }}, Sun Sentinel, November 22, 2010.</ref><ref>[http://www.syracuse.com/news/index.ssf/2010/11/could_a_pat-down_backlash_crip.html Airport screening horror stories: Could a pat-down backlash cripple holiday airline travel?] {{webarchive |url=https://archive.today/20120911061124/http://www.syracuse.com/news/index.ssf/2010/11/could_a_pat-down_backlash_crip.html |date=September 11, 2012 }}, ''[[The Post-Standard]]'', November 22, 2010.</ref> in which women's breasts and the genital areas of all passengers are patted.<ref name="Sharkey"/> Pat-downs are carried out by agents of the same gender as the passenger.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tsa.gov/traveler-information/transgender-travelers|title=Transgender Travelers|publisher=Transportation Security Administration|access-date=April 7, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130411045959/http://www.tsa.gov/traveler-information/transgender-travelers|archive-date=April 11, 2013}}</ref>

Concerns were raised as to the constitutionality of the new screening methods by organizations such as the [[American Civil Liberties Union]].<ref>[[Radley Balko|Balko, Radley]] [http://reason.com/blog/2010/12/13/why-was-the-aclu-silent-about Q: Why Has the ACLU Been Silent About TSA Abuses? A: Because You Haven't Been Listening] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160711204402/http://reason.com/blog/2010/12/13/why-was-the-aclu-silent-about |date=July 11, 2016 }} ''[[Reason Magazine|Reason]]''</ref> As of April 2011, at least six lawsuits were filed for violation of the [[Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution|Fourth Amendment]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sunshinestatenews.com/blog/tsa-gropers-draw-tea-party-wrath-unionizing-vote-next|title=TSA Gropers Draw Tea Party Wrath; Unionizing Vote Next|last=Ward|first=Kenric|date=November 28, 2010|work=Sunshine State News|access-date=November 30, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.fox16.com/news/local/story/Little-Rock-man-sues-over-enhanced-TSA-screenings/eDhDNr44aUm5CL4a5UVkhg.cspx|title=Little Rock man sues over enhanced TSA screenings|last=Goins|first=David|date=November 23, 2010|publisher=FOX16.com|access-date=November 30, 2010|location=Little Rock, AR|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101128165746/http://www.fox16.com/news/local/story/Little-Rock-man-sues-over-enhanced-TSA-screenings/eDhDNr44aUm5CL4a5UVkhg.cspx|archive-date=November 28, 2010}}</ref> [[George Washington University Law School|George Washington University]] law professor [[Jeffrey Rosen (legal academic)|Jeffrey Rosen]] has supported this view, saying "there's a strong argument that the TSA's measures violate the Fourth Amendment, which prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures."<ref>[[Jeffrey Rosen (legal academic)|Rosen, Jeffrey]] (November 28, 2010) [https://web.archive.org/web/20101205063930/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/11/26/AR2010112604290.html The TSA is invasive, annoying – and unconstitutional], ''[[Washington Post]]''</ref> Concerns were also raised about the effects of these pat-downs on survivors of sexual assault.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/newsweek/2010/11/17/tsa-screenings-worry-sexual-assault-survivors.html|title=TSA Screenings Worry Sexual-Assault Survivors|last=Dailey|first=Kate|date=November 17, 2010|work=[[Newsweek]]|access-date=April 7, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130406090543/http://www.thedailybeast.com/newsweek/2010/11/17/tsa-screenings-worry-sexual-assault-survivors.html|archive-date=April 6, 2013}}</ref> In January 2014, Denver police launched an investigation against a screener at Denver International Airport over what the passenger stated was an intrusive patdown.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://denver.cbslocal.com/2014/01/15/tsa-pat-down-at-dia-leads-to-sex-assault-investigation/|title=TSA Pat-Down At DIA Leads To Sex Assault Investigation|date=January 15, 2014}}</ref>