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===Europe=== The [[European Tyre and Rim Technical Organisation]] (ETRTO) is the European standards organization "to establish engineering dimensions, load/pressure characteristics and operating guidelines".<ref>{{cite book| title=ETRTO Standards Manual 2007 | year=2007| publisher=ETRTO |location=Bruxelles, Belgium | pages=I }}</ref> All tires sold for road use in Europe after July 1997 must carry an E-mark. The mark itself is either an upper case "E" or lower case "e" β followed by a number in a circle or rectangle, followed by a further number. An (upper case) "E" indicates that the tire is certified to comply with the dimensional, performance, and marking requirements of ECE regulation 30. A (lowercase) "e" indicates that the tire is certified to comply with the dimensional, performance, and marking requirements of Directive 92/23/EEC. The number in the circle or rectangle denotes the country code of the government that granted the type approval. The last number outside the circle or rectangle is the number of the type approval certificate issued for that particular tire size and type.<ref>{{Cite book|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=IbW8BAAAQBAJ&q=european+tire+e+mark&pg=PA8 |title=Vehicle Dynamics: Theory and Application |last=Jazar |first=Reza N. |date=2013-11-19 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=9781461485445}}</ref> The [[Rubber Manufacturers Association#British Rubber Manufacturers Association|British Rubber Manufacturers Association]] (BRMA) recommended practice, issued June 2001, states, "BRMA members strongly recommend that unused tires should not be put into service if they are over six years old and that all tires should be replaced ten years from the date of their manufacture."<ref>{{Cite web|url= http://www.thechronicleherald.ca/wheels/have-your-tires-reached-their-expiration-date-255224/ |title=Have your tires reached their expiration date? |last=Russell|first=Richard |date=October 31, 2018 |work=The Chronicle Herald |access-date=2019-05-06}}</ref>
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