Editing Spider silk (section)

=== Other shapes ===
Silk can be formed into other shapes and sizes such as spherical capsules for drug delivery, cell scaffolds and wound healing, textiles, cosmetics, coatings, and many others.<ref>{{cite journal |author= Eisoldt, L.|author2= Smith, A.|author3= Scheibel, T.|name-list-style= amp |date= 2011 |title= Decoding the secrets of spider silk |journal= Mater. Today |volume= 14 |pages= 80–86 |doi= 10.1016/s1369-7021(11)70057-8 |issue= 3|doi-access= free }}</ref><ref name=gustaffson2018>{{cite journal |author= Gustafsson, L.|author2= Jansson, R.|author3= Hedhammar, M.|author4= van der Wijngaart, W.|name-list-style= amp |date= 2018 |title= Structuring of Functional Spider Silk Wires, Coatings, and Sheets by Self-Assembly on Superhydrophobic Pillar Surfaces |journal= Adv. Mater. |volume= 30 |doi= 10.1002/adma.201704325 |pmid= 29205540|issue= 3|pages= 1704325|bibcode= 2018AdM....3004325G|s2cid= 205283504}}</ref> Spider silk proteins can self-assemble on superhydrophobic surfaces into nanowires, as well as micron-sized circular sheets.<ref name=gustaffson2018 /> Recombinant spider silk proteins can self-assemble at the liquid-air interface of a standing solution to form protein-permeable, strong and flexible nanomembranes that support cell proliferation. Potential applications include skin transplants, and supportive membranes in organ-on-a-chip.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Gustafsson |first1=Linnea |last2=Panagiotis Tasiopoulos |first2=Christos |last3=Jansson |first3=Ronnie |last4=Kvick |first4=Mathias |last5=Duursma |first5=Thijs |last6=Gasser |first6=Thomas Christian |last7=van der Wijngaart |first7=Wouter |last8=Hedhammar |first8=My |title=Recombinant Spider Silk Forms Tough and Elastic Nanomembranes that are Protein-Permeable and Support Cell Attachment and Growth |journal=Advanced Functional Materials |date=16 August 2020 |volume=30 |issue=40 |pages=2002982 |doi=10.1002/adfm.202002982 |doi-access=free }}</ref> These nanomembranes have been used to create a static ''in-vitro'' model of a blood vessel.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Tasiopoulos|first1=Christos Panagiotis|last2=Gustafsson|first2=Linnea|last3=van der Wijngaart|first3=Wouter|last4=Hedhammar|first4=My|date=2021-06-25|title=Fibrillar Nanomembranes of Recombinant Spider Silk Protein Support Cell Co-culture in an in Vitro Blood Vessel Wall Model|journal=ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering|volume=7|issue=7|pages=3332–3339|doi=10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00612|pmid=34169711|pmc=8290846|doi-access=free}}</ref>