Editing Recall election (section)

=== Soviet Union ===
Article 142 of The [[1936 Constitution of the Soviet Union|1936 Constitution]] of the [[Soviet Union]] gave the right in theory to recall deputies in legislatures at all levels of government:
{{blockquote
|text = '''Article 142.'''  It is the duty of every deputy to report to his electors on his work and on the work of the [[Soviet (council)|Soviet of Working People's Deputies]], and he is liable to be recalled at any time in the manner established by law upon decision of a majority of the electors.
|source = [[1936 Constitution of the Soviet Union]]}}

As a principle of [[soviet democracy]], similar recall provisions have been widely copied in the constitutions of other [[Communist state|communist countries]], including those [[#Cuba|of Cuba]], [[China]], [[Vietnam]], [[North Korea]], and countries in the [[Eastern Bloc]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Siekmann|first=Robert|date=1977|title=The Development and Practice on the Right of Recall in the Soviet Union since 1917|url=https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/rsl3&id=425&div=&collection=|journal=Review of Socialist Law|volume=3|pages=423–455|doi=10.1163/157303577X00336|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Although allowable according to law, in practice the right of recall was never used in any soviet system of government, except for an attempt in [[Hungarian People's Republic|Hungary]] in 1989.<ref name="venice" >{{Cite web |last=Venice Commission |date=2009 |title=Report on the Imperative Mandate and Similar Practices |url=https://www.venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/default.aspx?pdffile=CDL-AD(2009)027-e |access-date=October 10, 2022}}</ref>