Editing Pain (section)

=== Psychogenic ===
{{Main|Psychogenic pain}}
Psychogenic pain, also called ''psychalgia'' or ''somatoform pain'', is pain caused, increased or prolonged by mental, emotional or behavioral factors.<ref name="Cleveland Clinic"/> Headaches, back pain and stomach pain are sometimes diagnosed as psychogenic.<ref name="Cleveland Clinic">{{cite web |url=https://my.clevelandclinic.org/services/Pain_Management/hic_Psychogenic_Pain.aspx |title=Psychogenic Pain |publisher=[[Cleveland Clinic]] |access-date=25 September 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20110714011822/https://my.clevelandclinic.org/services/Pain_Management/hic_Psychogenic_Pain.aspx |archive-date=14 July 2011 }}</ref> Those affected are often stigmatized, because both medical professionals and the general public tend to think that pain from a psychological source is not "real". However, specialists consider that it is no less actual or hurtful than pain from any other source.<ref name=IASP_definitions>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080512061229/https://www.iasp-pain.org/AM/Template.cfm?Section=General_Resource_Links&Template=%2FCM%2FHTMLDisplay.cfm&ContentID=3058#Pain "International Association for the Study of Pain | Pain Definitions".]. Retrieved 12 October 2010.</ref>

People with [[chronic pain|long-term pain]] frequently display psychological disturbance, with elevated scores on the [[Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory]] scales of [[hysteria]], depression and [[hypochondriasis]] (the "[[neurotic triad]]"). Some investigators have argued that it is this neuroticism that causes acute pain to turn chronic, but clinical evidence points in the other direction, to chronic pain causing [[neuroticism]]. When long-term pain is relieved by therapeutic intervention, scores on the neurotic triad and [[anxiety]] fall, often to normal levels. [[Self-esteem]], often low in chronic pain patients, also shows improvement once pain has resolved.<ref name = "The challenge of pain"/>{{rp|31–32}}