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==== Text example ==== {{Further|Old Norse orthography}} The following text is from {{lang|non|Alexanders saga}}, an [[Alexander romance]]. The manuscript, [[AM 519 a 4to]], is dated {{Circa|1280}}. The facsimile demonstrates the [[scribal abbreviation|sigla]] used by scribes to write Old Norse. Many of them were borrowed from Latin. Without familiarity with these abbreviations, the facsimile will be unreadable to many. In addition, reading the manuscript itself requires familiarity with the letterforms of the native script. The abbreviations are expanded in a version with normalized spelling like that of the [[Old Norse orthography|standard normalization]] system. Compared to the spelling of the same text in Modern Icelandic, pronunciation has changed greatly, but spelling has changed little since [[Icelandic orthography]] was intentionally modelled after Old Norse in the 19th century. {| class=wikitable ! scope="col" | Digital facsimile of the manuscript text<ref name="MeNoTa14">{{citation | editor-first =Andrea de Leeuw | editor-last =van Weenen | title =(Manuscript AM 519 a 4to) "Alexanders saga" | at =fol. 1v, lines 10–14 | work =Medieval Nordic Text Archive www.menota.org | url =http://clarino.uib.no/menota/document-element?&cpos=558653 | access-date =4 September 2018 | archive-date =5 September 2018 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20180905022912/http://clarino.uib.no/menota/document-element?&cpos=558653 | url-status =live }}</ref> ! scope="col" | The same text with normalized spelling<ref name="MeNoTa14" /> ! scope="col" | The same text with Modern [[Icelandic language|Icelandic]] spelling |- | {{lang|non|italic=no|[...] ſem oꝩın͛ h̅ſ brıgzloðo h̅o̅ epꞇ͛ þͥ ſe̅ ſıðaʀ mon ſagꞇ verða. Þeſſı ſveın̅ aͬ.* ꝩar ıſcola ſeꞇꞇr ſem ſıðꝩenıa e͛ ꞇıl rıkra man̅a vꞇan-lanꝺz aꞇ laꞇa g͛a vıð boꝛn̅ ſíıƞ́ Meıſꞇarı ꝩar h̅o̅ ꝼengın̅ ſa e͛ arıſꞇoꞇıleſ heꞇ. h̅ ꝩar harðla goðꝛ clercr ⁊ [[Old Norse morphology#Hit|en̅]] meſꞇı ſpekıngr aꞇ ꝩıꞇı. ⁊ er h̅ ꝩͬ.xíí. veꞇᷓ gamall aꞇ allꝺrı nalıga alroſcın̅ aꞇ ꝩıꞇı. en ſꞇoꝛhvgaðꝛ u̅ ꝼᷓm alla ſına ıaꝼnallꝺꝛa.}} | {{lang|non|italic=no|[...] sem óvinir hans brigzluðu honum eftir því, sem síðarr man sagt verða. þessi sveinn Alexander var í skóla settr, sem siðvenja er til ríkra manna útanlands at láta gera við bǫrn sín. meistari var honum fenginn sá, er Aristoteles hét. hann var harðla góðr klerkr ok inn mesti spekingr at viti. ok er hann var tólv vetra gamall at aldri, náliga alroskinn at viti, en stórhugaðr umfram alla sína jafnaldra, [...]}} | {{lang|is|italic=no|[...] sem óvinir hans brigsluðu honum eftir því, sem síðar mun sagt verða. Þessi sveinn Alexander var í skóla settur, sem siðvenja er til ríkra manna utanlands að láta gera við börn sín. Meistari var honum fenginn sá, er Aristóteles hét. Hann var harla góður klerkur og hinn mesti spekingur að viti og er hann var tólf vetra gamall að aldri, nálega alroskinn að viti, en stórhugaður umfram alla sína jafnaldra, [...]}} |} <nowiki>*</nowiki> '''a''' printed in [[uncial script|uncial]]. Uncials not encoded separately in Unicode as of this section's writing.
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