Editing Odesa (section)

== Economy ==
Odesa's economy largely stems from its traditional role as a port city. The nearly ice-free port lies near the mouths of the [[Dnieper River|Dnieper]], the [[Southern Bug]], the [[Dniester]] and the [[Danube]] rivers, which provide good links to the hinterland.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia
|last= Kravtsiv
|first= Bohdan
|encyclopedia= Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine
|title= Odesa
|url= http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CO%5CD%5COdesa.htm
|access-date= 4 November 2014
|year= 2012
|publisher= Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies
|quote= Odesa is situated on a large, virtually ice-free bay on the Black Sea, near the mouths of the Danube River, the Dnister River, the Boh River, and the Dnieper River, which link it with the interior of the country.
|archive-date= 3 January 2015
|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150103123651/http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CO%5CD%5COdesa.htm
|url-status= live
}}</ref>
During the Soviet period (until 1991) the city functioned as the USSR's largest trading port; it continues in a similar role as independent Ukraine's busiest international port. The port complex contains an oil and gas transfer and storage facility, a cargo-handling area and a large passenger port. In 2007 the Port of Odesa handled 31,368,000 tonnes of cargo.<ref name=autogenerated2>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ukrport.org.ua/members.htm |title=Ассоциация портов Украины "Укрпорт" объединяет 43 организаций |trans-title=Ukrainian Ports Association "Ukrport" unites 43 organizations |website=ukrport.org.ua |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120229103802/http://www.ukrport.org.ua/members.htm |archive-date=29 February 2012 }}</ref><ref name=autogenerated1>{{Cite web|url=http://www.blackseatrans.com/article.php?articleID=747|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071109222022/http://www.blackseatrans.com/article.php?articleID=747|url-status=dead|title=Ports of Ukraine<!-- The title was added by a bot -->|archive-date=9 November 2007}}</ref>

The port of Odesa is one of the [[Ukrainian Navy]]'s most important bases on the [[Black Sea]]. Rail transport is an important sector of the economy in Odesa – largely due to the role it plays in delivering goods and imports to and from the city's port. The Container Terminal Odesa (CTO) in the port is the largest container terminal in Ukraine. It has been operated by the Hamburg-based HHLA Group since 2001 and, in addition to containers, also handles bulk goods, general cargo and project cargo. This means that Odesa is networked with the ports of [[Hamburg]], [[Muuga Harbour|Muuga]] and [[Trieste]] via the logistics group HHLA.<ref>Terminalbetreiber in Estland gekauft. In: Schiff & Hafen, 7/2018, p 9; "Hamburger Hafenkonzern investiert groß in Triest" In: Die Presse, 29 September 2020.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.welt.de/regionales/hamburg/article189642977/HHLA-sucht-Terminals-auch-jenseits-von-Hamburg.html|title=HHLA sucht Terminals auch jenseits von Hamburg|first=Olaf|last=Preuß|date=1 March 2019|via=www.welt.de|access-date=9 February 2021|archive-date=21 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121062128/https://www.welt.de/regionales/hamburg/article189642977/HHLA-sucht-Terminals-auch-jenseits-von-Hamburg.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[File:Одеса, Вулиця Дерибасівська 29 2018 02.jpg|thumb|Hotel Grand Moscow in Odesa]]
Industrial enterprises located in and around the city include those dedicated to fuel refinement, machine building, metallurgy, and other types of light industry such as food preparation, timber plants and chemical industry. Agriculture is a relatively important sector in the territories surrounding the city. The [[Seventh-Kilometer Market]] is a major commercial complex on the outskirts of the city where private traders now operate one of the largest market complexes in Eastern Europe.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.odessa-info.com.ua/about/ |title=Одесса &#124; о городе |publisher=Odessa-info.com.ua |access-date=12 March 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130524221429/http://www.odessa-info.com.ua/about/ |archive-date=24 May 2013}}</ref> The market has roughly 6,000 traders and an estimated 150,000 customers per day.

Daily sales, according to the Ukrainian periodical ''[[Dzerkalo Tyzhnia]]'', were believed to be as high as US$20 million in 2004. With a staff of 1,200 (mostly guards and janitors), the market is also the region's largest employer. It is owned by local land and agriculture [[tycoon]] Viktor A. Dobrianskyi and three partners of his. [[Tavria-V]] is the most popular retail chain in Odesa. Key areas of [[business sector|business]] include: retail, wholesale, catering, production, construction and development, private label. Consumer recognition is mainly attributed{{by whom|date=November 2014}} to the high level of service and the quality of services. [[Tavria-V]] is the biggest private company and the biggest tax payer.
[[File:Odessabeach2018.jpg|thumb|Arkadia Beach in Odesa]]
[[Deribasivska Street]] is one of the city's most important commercial streets, hosting many of the city's boutiques and higher-end shops. In addition to this there are a number of large commercial shopping centres in the city. The 19th-century shopping gallery [[Odesa Passage|Passage]] was, for a long time, the city's most upscale shopping district, and remains {{as of | 2014 | alt = to this day}} an important landmark of Odesa.

The [[Tourism in Ukraine|tourism sector is of great importance to Odesa]], which is currently{{when|date=November 2014}} the second most-visited Ukrainian city.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mfa.gov.ua/data/upload/publication/eu/en/2889/002_profile_sez.pdf |title=Odessa Region Profile |website=mfa.gov.ua |publisher=Odesa Regional State Administration |access-date=29 April 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023180441/http://www.mfa.gov.ua/data/upload/publication/eu/en/2889/002_profile_sez.pdf |archive-date=23 October 2012 }}</ref> In 2003 this sector recorded a total revenue of [[Ukrainian hryvnia|₴]]189.2 million. Other sectors of the city's economy include the banking sector: the city hosts a branch of the [[National Bank of Ukraine]]. [[Imexbank]], one of Ukraine's largest commercial banks, was based in the city, however on 27 May 2015, the Deposit Guarantee Fund of Ukraine made a decision to liquidate the bank.

Foreign business ventures have thrived in the area, as since 1 January 2000, much of the city and its surrounding area has been declared{{by whom|date=November 2014}} a [[free economic zone]] – this has aided the foundation of foreign companies' and corporations' Ukrainian divisions and allowed them to more easily invest in the Ukrainian manufacturing and service sectors. To date a number of Japanese and Chinese companies, as well as a host of European enterprises, have invested in the development of the free economic zone, to this end private investors in the city have invested a great deal of money into the provision of quality office real estate and modern manufacturing facilities such as warehouses and plant complexes.

Odesa also has a well-developed IT industry with large number of IT outsourcing companies and IT product startups. Among most famous startups is [[Looksery]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Snap became a resident of UNIT.City|url=https://ain.ua/en/2018/11/20/snap-became-a-resident-of-unit-city/|date=20 November 2018|website=AIN.UA|language=en-US|access-date=29 May 2020|archive-date=7 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807124123/https://ain.ua/en/2018/11/20/snap-became-a-resident-of-unit-city/|url-status=live}}</ref> and AI Factory both developed in Odesa and acquired by [[Snap Inc.|Snap inc]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Snap acquires Ukrainian startup AI Factory for $166M|url=https://ain.ua/en/2019/12/26/snap-acquires-ai-factory-for-166m/|date=26 December 2019|website=AIN.UA|language=en-US|access-date=29 May 2020|archive-date=15 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200715140525/https://ain.ua/en/2019/12/26/snap-acquires-ai-factory-for-166m/|url-status=live}}</ref>

<gallery widths="200" heights="200">
File:Oděsa, přístav, loď.jpg|alt=Odesa's port is Ukraine's busiest. The harbour remains accessible all year round and serves as a vital import/export channel for the Ukrainian economy.|Odesa's port is Ukraine's busiest. The harbour remains accessible all year round and serves as a vital import/export channel for the Ukrainian economy.
File:Deribasovskaya-33-36.jpg|The [[Odesa Passage|Passage]] galleries, one of the city's landmarks
</gallery>