Editing Moscow Metro (section)

==Ticketing==
[[File:MoscowPublicTransportTicket.png|thumb|One-trip transport card of Moscow Metro]]
[[File:North vestibule of Shipilovskaya station (Северный вестибюль станции Шипиловская) (7221508840).jpg|thumb|Moscow Metro turnstiles]]

The Moscow Metro charges a flat fare for a single journey, regardless of distance or time travelled within the network. An exception to this is the [[Moscow Central Diameters]], which operate on a zone-based fare system.
The Moscow Metro ticketing system allows free interchanges within a 90-minute window between different transport modes, including the MCC, the MCD, trams and buses.<ref>{{cite web |title=Где действует бесплатная пересадка в течение 90 минут? |date=10 July 2023 |url=https://www.mosmetro.ru/news/details/2943 |publisher=the Moscow Metro |access-date=23 April 2024}}</ref>

Modern Metro turnstiles are designed to accept various forms of payment, including plastic cards like the [[Troika card]] or Moscow Resident Social Cards, bank cards, bank stickers, souvenir tickets such as Troika rings, bracelets, or keychains, and disposable RFID chip cardboard cards. Additionally, all stations are equipped to accept biometric payments. Some transport cards have usage limitations that impose a waiting period between consecutive uses (e.g., delays of 7 or 20 minutes).<ref>{{cite web |title= Порядок пользования (обращения) проездными билетами|url= https://www.mosmetro.ru/passengers/information/ticket-rules |publisher=the Moscow Metro |access-date=23 April 2024}}</ref>

=== History of the ticketing system ===
Soviet era turnstiles simply accepted N kopeck coins.

In the early years of Russian Federation (and with the start of a [[hyperinflation]]) plastic tokens were used. Disposable [[magnetic stripe card]]s were introduced in 1993 on a trial basis, and used as unlimited monthly tickets between 1996 and 1998. The sale of tokens ended on 1 January 1999, and they stopped being accepted in February 1999; from that time, magnetic cards were used as tickets with a fixed number of rides.

On 1 September 1998, the Moscow Metro became the first metro system in Europe to fully implement "contactless" [[smart cards]], known as Transport Cards. Transport Cards were the card to have unlimited amount of trips for 30, 90 or 365 days, its active lifetime was projected as 3½ years. Defective cards were to be exchanged at no extra cost.

In August 2004, the [[Government of Moscow|city government]] launched the Moscow Resident Social Card program. Social Cards are free smart cards issued for the elderly and other groups of citizens officially registered as residents of Moscow or the [[Moscow region]]; they offer discounts in shops and pharmacies, and double as credit cards issued by the [[Bank of Moscow]]. Social Cards can be used for unlimited free access to the city's public-transport system, including the Moscow Metro; while they do not feature the time delay, they include a photograph and are non-transferable.

Since 2006, [[Banking in Russia|several banks]] have issued [[credit card]]s which double as Ultralight cards and are accepted at turnstiles. The fare is passed to the bank and the payment is withdrawn from the owner's bank account at the end of the calendar month, using a discount rate based on the number of trips that month (for up to 70 trips, the cost of each trip is prorated from current Ultralight rates; each additional trip costs 24.14 rubles).<ref name="rates_2010">{{cite web |title=Table of tariffs |url=http://www.mosmetro.ru/tariffs/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170414080630/http://www.mosmetro.ru/tariffs/ |archive-date=14 April 2017 |access-date=30 July 2018 |publisher=City of Moscow |language=ru}}</ref> Partner banks include the [[Bank of Moscow]], [[CitiBank]], [[Rosbank]], [[Alfa-Bank]] and [[Avangard Bank]].<ref name=creditcards>{{cite web |title=Безналичная система оплаты проезда |url=http://old.mosmetro.ru/pages/page_0.php?id_page=779 |url-status=dead |publisher=Moscow metro |access-date=20 September 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727014525/http://old.mosmetro.ru/pages/page_0.php?id_page=779 |archive-date=27 July 2011 |df=dmy-all}}</ref>

In January 2007, Moscow Metro began replacing limited magnetic cards with [[Smart card#Contactless smart cards|contactless]] disposable tickets based on [[NXP Semiconductors|NXP's]] [[MIFARE|MIFARE Ultralight]] technology. Ultralight tickets are available for a fixed number of trips in 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 and 60-trip denominations (valid for 5 or 90 days from the day of purchase) and as a monthly ticket, only valid for a selected calendar month and limited to 70 trips. The sale of magnetic cards ended on 16 January 2008 and magnetic cards ceased to be accepted in late 2008, making the Moscow metro the world's first major public-transport system to run exclusively on a contactless automatic fare-collection system.<ref name=mifareinmoscow>{{cite web |url=http://www.nxp.com/news/content/file_1518.html |title=Moscow Metro: the World's First Major Transport System to operate fully contactless with NXP's MIFARE Technology |publisher=[[NXP Semiconductors]] |access-date=26 January 2009}}</ref>

=== Contemporary ticketing system ===
On 2 April 2013, the Moscow Department of Transport introduced the [[Troika card|Troika smartcard]], which serves as the foundation of the city's modern ticketing system. Currently, passengers can use a single Troika card to pay for travel on the metro, [[Moscow Central Circle|MCC]], [[Moscow Central Diameters|MCD]], buses, [[Trams in Moscow|trams]], river transport, suburban trains, and [[Aeroexpress]]. Approximately 80% of all trips in Moscow are paid for using Troika, with over 50 million cards sold to date.<ref name="City of Moscow">{{cite web |title=Почти 80 процентов поездок на метро москвичи оплачивают "Тройкой" — Собянин |url=https://www.mos.ru/mayor/themes/2299/11013050/ |publisher=City of Moscow |access-date=23 April 2024}}</ref>

In 2023, Troika production, including its chip, was fully localized in Moscow. In 2024, Moscow plans to launch a virtual analog of the card for smartphones.<ref name="City of Moscow"/>

Moreover, the Moscow Metro offers Ediniy (Unified) tickets with varying durations: 1 day, 3 days, 30 days, 60 days, 90 days and 365 days.<ref>{{cite web |title=Оплата проезда |url=https://transport.mos.ru/mostrans/oplata_proezda/#tab-pills-biletedinyi |publisher=Moscow Transport Department |access-date=23 April 2024 |archive-date=16 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220216232342/https://transport.mos.ru/mostrans/oplata_proezda/#tab-pills-biletedinyi |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In 2015, the Moscow Metro started testing bank card payments at ticket windows.<ref>{{cite web |title=В московском метро начали принимать к оплате банковские карты |date=5 March 2015 |url=https://rg.ru/2015/03/05/karty-site-anons.html |publisher=Rossiyskaya Gazeta|access-date=23 April 2024}}</ref> At the moment, bank card or bank sticker payments are accepted at all turnstiles in the network. As of April 2024, this payment option is used approximately 900 thousand times daily.<ref name="Identity Week">{{cite web |title=Moscow Metro has doubled its bank card payments and reached 100 million biometric trips |date=2 April 2024 |url=https://identityweek.net/moscow-metro-has-doubled-its-bank-card-payments-and-reached-100-million-biometric-trips/  |publisher=Identity Week|access-date=23 April 2024}}</ref>	

In October 2021, the Moscow Metro became the first metro system in the world to implement biometric payment on a large scale. To use this system, passengers must link their photo, bank card, and metro card to the service through the Moscow Metro mobile app. This allows passengers to pay for their rides without taking out their phone, metro card, or bank card, thereby increasing passenger flow at station entrances. The technology is available at all metro stations, the MCC, and on river transport. As of April 2024, passengers have completed 100 million trips using biometric technology.<ref name="Identity Week"/>

Other payment methods include:

*	Payment via Mir Pay using an Android phone with a [[Mir (payment system)|Mir card]]
*	Payment with a smartphone via FPS in open test mode at all metro, MCC, and river transport turnstiles
*	Cash or bank card payments at ticket offices and vending machines
*	Moscow Resident Social Card

The Moscow Metro ticketing system received two prestigious international Transport Ticketing Awards in 2020<ref>{{cite web |title=2020 Award Winners |url=https://www.transport-ticketing.com/2020-awards-winners|publisher=Transport Ticketing Global|access-date=23 April 2024}}</ref> and 2021.<ref>{{cite web |title=2021 Winners |url=https://www.transport-ticketing.com/awards-categories/2021-award-winners|publisher=Transport Ticketing Global|access-date=23 April 2024}}</ref>

==={{anchor|Fares for a single trip, 1935–2013}}Fares===
{|class=wikitable style="margin:0 0 10px 10px; text-align:center" 
|+Ticket rates effective January 2025<ref>{{Cite web |title=Московский метрополитен |url=https://mosmetro.ru/payment/tickets/ediniy |access-date=2025-01-14 |website=Московский метрополитен}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Московский метрополитен |url=https://mosmetro.ru/payment/tickets/troyka |access-date=2025-01-14 |website=Московский метрополитен}}</ref>
|-
!Trip limit
!Cost for central zone
!Cost for suburban zone
|-
| colspan="3" |'''''Ediny''''' ticket. Valid for metro, monorail, MCC and ground transport. Not valid for MCD.
|-
|1 ride
|75 
| -
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | '''''Koshelek'' ticket''' on the '''Troika card'''. Valid for all public transport in Moscow (Metro, MCC, all surface transport, suburban electric trains).
|-
|1 ride || 63 ||84
|-
|90 minutes || 94 || - 
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | '''''Ediny'' ticket''' on the '''Troika card'''. Valid for all metro, monorail, MCC, MCD zones "Central", "Suburban" or land transport.
|-
|1 day
|365 
|–
|-
| 3 nights ||700 || – 
|-
| 30 days ||3.070 || 3.750 
|-
| 90 days ||7.430 || 9.600 
|-
|365 days
|22.000
|28.000
|}
MCD network is divided between the "Central" and "Suburban" zone. Metro (with the monorail and the MCC) is completely within the Central zone.
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align:right" 
|+{{nowrap|'''Single-trip fares, 1935–2018'''}}{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}}
!Effective date
!Price
! class="unsortable" |Remarks
|-
|1935-05-15||50 [[Soviet ruble|kopecks]]||
|-
|1935-08-01||40 kopecks|| align="left" |with season ticket – 35 kopecks
|-
|1935-10-01||30 kopecks|| align="left" |with season ticket – 25 kopecks
|-
|1942-05-31||40 kopecks||
|-
|1948-08-16||50 kopecks|| align="left" |Banknotes were cut in value to one-tenth but most prices stayed the same
|-
|1961-01-01||5 kopecks|| align="left" |[[redenomination]]; turnstiles accepted 5 kopek coins 
|-
|1991-04-02||15 kopecks|| align="left" |Turnstiles accepted three 5 kopeck coins (written 5+5+5)
|-
|1992-03-01||50 kopecks|| align="left" |5 kopeck coins were replaced by turnstile tokens
|-
|1992-06-24||1 [[Russian ruble|ruble]]||
|-
|1992-12-01||3 rubles||
|-
|1993-02-16||6 rubles||
|-
|1993-06-25||10 rubles||
|-
|1993-10-15||30 rubles||
|-
|1994-01-01||50 rubles||
|-
|1994-03-18||100 rubles||
|-
|1994-06-23||150 rubles||
|-
|1994-09-21||250 rubles||
|-
|1994-12-20||400 rubles||
|-
|1995-03-20||600 rubles||
|-
|1995-07-21||800 rubles||
|-
|1995-09-20||1,000 rubles||
|-
|1995-12-21||1,500 rubles||
|-
|1997-06-11||2,000 rubles||
|-
|1998-01-01||2 rubles|| align="left" |Redenomination due to post-Soviet inflation
|-
|1998-09-01||3 rubles||
|-
|1999-01-01||4 rubles||
|-
|2000-07-15||5 rubles||
|-
|2002-10-01||7 rubles||
|-
|2004-04-01||10 rubles||
|-
|2005-01-01||13 rubles|| align="left" |Monorail fare is 50 rubles (25 rubles discount fare), no other tickets are valid on monorail
|-
|2006-01-01||15 rubles||
|-
|2007-01-01||17 rubles||
|-
|2008-01-01||19 rubles|| align="left" |Monorail fare is equal to the metro fare (reduced to 19 rubles), and only special monthly tickets also available and valid on this line
|-
|2009-01-01||22 rubles||
|-
|2010-01-01||26 rubles||
|-
|2011-01-01||28 rubles|| align="left" |Russian Railways fare in Moscow fare principles are separated and the fare did not increase (26 rubles) unlike in earlier years.
|-
|2013-01-01||28 rubles|| align="left" |''minor change:'' Monorail fare included in all metro fares, first transfer in 90 minutes does not charge
|-
|2013-04-02||30 rubles|| align="left" |Single journey fare increased. Most other kinds of fares are lowered. New: 90 minute fare.
|-
|2014-01-01||30–40 rubles|| align="left" |Single and double fare increased. 5–60 pass fare, and all 90 minute fare are stayed. Russian railway fare in Moscow increased to 28 rubles.
|-
|2016-01-01||32–50 rubles|| align="left" |All ticket fares increased. Single fare increased to 50 rubles or 32 rubles (by [[Troika card|Troika e-wallet]]). All unlimited fare are stayed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aif.ru/dontknows/actual/na_skolko_v_2016_godu_podorozhaet_proezd_v_moskovskom_metro |title=На сколько в 2016 году подорожает проезд в московском метро? |date=7 December 2015}}</ref>
|-
|2017-01-01||35–55 rubles|| align="left" |All ticket fares increased. Single fare increased to 55 rubles or 35 rubles (by Troika e-wallet). All |-unlimited fare are stayed.
|-
|2018-01-02||36–55 rubles|| align="left" |Single fare increased by 1 ruble, only while paying by Troika e-wallet. 90 minutes fare increased from 54 to 56 rubles.
|-
|2019-01-02||38–55 rubles|| align="left" |Single fare increased by 2 rubles, while paying Troika card. 90 minutes tickets increased by 3 rubles.
|-
|2019-12-09||38–55 rubles|| align="left" |4 of 10 railway lines included in metro fare; central zone does not require (0–2 zones), surburbian +7RUR (but 7 RUR is difference only, 2–3 zones cost 23 RUR as earlier)
|-
|2020-02-01||40–57 rubles|| align="left" |fares increased by 2 rubles, season tickets stayed. Also opened Ostafievo in zone 5 that caused to lower some fares is you set as destation and course of another ticket
|-
|2020-04-21||40 rubles|| align="left" |Till 2020-06-09 COVID-19 restriction: single fare tickets are eliminated, bank cards disabled till June 9, some discount ticked also blocked (dates non shown)
|-
|2020-02-01||42–60 rubles|| align="left" |fares raised except 90/365 days
|}