Editing Johnston Atoll (section)

==Demographics==
{{Historical populations
|type = USA
|1970|1007
|1980|327
|1990|173
|2000|1100
|2004|396
|2005|361
|2006|40
|2020|10|}}

Johnston Atoll has never had any indigenous inhabitants. However, during the late part of the 20th century, averages of about 300 American military personnel and 1,000 civilian contractors were present at any given time.<ref name="factbook"/> Today, it is uninhabited except for a handful of workers with the Crazy Ant Strike Team project, who live on the island for six months at a time with little outside contact.<ref name="Audubon-2015" />

The primary means of transportation to this island was the airport, which had a paved military runway, or by ship via a pier and ship channel through the atoll's coral reef system. The islands were wired with 13 outgoing and 10 incoming commercial telephone lines, a 60-channel submarine cable, 22 DSN circuits by satellite, an [[Autodin]] with standard remote terminal, a digital telephone switch, the [[Military Auxiliary Radio System|Military Affiliated Radio System]] (MARS station), a UHF/VHF air-ground radio, and a link to the Pacific Consolidated Telecommunications Network (PCTN) satellite. [[Amateur radio]] operators occasionally transmitted from the island, using the KH3 [[Call sign|call-sign]] prefix.<ref name="Memorieshistory"/> The United States Undersea Cable Corporation was awarded contracts to lay underwater cables in the Pacific. A cable called "Wet Wash C" was laid in 1966 between Makua, Hawaii, and the Johnston Island Air Force Base. {{USNS|Neptune|ARC-2|6}} surveyed the route and laid {{convert|769|nmi|}} of cable and 45 repeaters. The Simplex Wire and Cable Company manufactured these cables, with the repeaters being supplied by Felten and Guilleaume. In 1993, a satellite communication ground station was added to augment the atoll's communications capability.

Johnston Atoll's economic activity was limited to providing services to American military and contractor personnel on the island. The island was regularly resupplied by ship or barge, and all foodstuffs and manufactured goods were imported. The base had six 2.5-megawatt electrical generators using diesel engines. The runway was also available to commercial airlines for emergency landings (a fairly common event). It was a regular stop on Continental Micronesia airline's "island hopper" service for many years between Hawaii and the Marshall Islands.

There were no official license plates issued for use on Johnston Atoll. U.S. government vehicles were issued U.S. government license plates, and private vehicles retained the plates from which they were registered. According to reputable license plate collectors, some Johnston Atoll license plates were created as souvenirs and have even been sold [[Online and offline|online]] to collectors, but they were not officially issued.<ref>[http://www.worldlicenseplates.com/world/PA_JOHN.html World License Plates: License Plates of Johnston Atoll] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061223163206/http://www.worldlicenseplates.com/world/PA_JOHN.html |date=December 23, 2006 }} (Accessed July 25, 2009)</ref><ref>[http://www.plateshack.com/y2k/Johnston_Atoll/johnatolly2k.html Plateshack.com: Johnston Atoll] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061021121250/http://www.plateshack.com/y2k/Johnston_Atoll/johnatolly2k.html |date=October 21, 2006 }} (Accessed July 25, 2009)</ref>