Editing Jerusalem (section)

=== Judaism ===
{{Further|Jerusalem in Judaism}}
Jerusalem has been the [[Four Holy Cities|holiest city]] in Judaism and the ancestral and spiritual homeland of the Jewish people since King David proclaimed it his capital in the 10th century BCE.{{refn|group=note|name=bible-david}}<ref name="1000BCE" /> Without counting its other names, Jerusalem appears in the [[Hebrew Bible]] 669 times.<ref>{{Citation |title=The Muslim Claim to Jerusalem |date=5 July 2017 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315125374-3 |work=Nothing Abides |pages=11–38 |publisher=Routledge |doi=10.4324/9781315125374-3 |isbn=978-1-315-12537-4 |access-date=5 February 2022}}</ref> The first section, the [[Torah]] (Pentateuch), only mentions [[Moriah]], but in later parts of the Bible, the city is mentioned explicitly.<ref>{{cite news |date=20 June 1995 |title=Parshat Re'eh: No Jerusalem in Torah—Israel Opinion |url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3136760,00.html |access-date=17 October 2011 |work=Ynetnews |last1=Burg |first1=Avraham |archive-date=1 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160101044831/http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3136760,00.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The Temple Mount, which was the site of Solomon's Temple and the Second Temple, is the holiest site in Judaism and the place Jews turn towards during prayer.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rivka |first=Gonen |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/1148595286 |title=Contested Holiness: Jewish, Muslim, and Christian Perspectives on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem |publisher=KTAV Publishing House, Inc. |year=2003 |isbn=978-0-88125-798-4 |location=Jersey City, NJ |pages=4 |oclc=1148595286 |quote=To the Jews the Temple Mount is the holiest place on Earth, the place where God manifested himself to King David and where two Jewish temples—Solomon's Temple and the Second Temple—were located.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Marshall J. |first1=Breger |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/48940385 |title=Jerusalem: A City and Its Future |last2=Ahimeir |first2=Ora |publisher=Syracuse University Press |year=2002 |isbn=978-0-8156-2912-2 |pages=296 |oclc=48940385}}</ref> The Western Wall, a remnant of the wall surrounding the Second Temple, is the holiest place where Jews are permitted to pray.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 July 2019 |title=The Temple Mount in the Herodian Period (37 BC–70 A.D.) |url=https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/biblical-sites-places/temple-at-jerusalem/the-temple-mount-in-the-herodian-period/ |access-date=17 July 2020 |publisher=Biblical Archaeology Society |archive-date=5 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805161750/https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/biblical-sites-places/temple-at-jerusalem/the-temple-mount-in-the-herodian-period/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Synagogues around the world are traditionally built with the Holy Ark facing Jerusalem,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.schechter.edu/askrabbi/synagoguetemple.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080131205934/http://www.schechter.edu/askrabbi/synagoguetemple.htm |archive-date=31 January 2008 |title=Synagogues |work=Ask the Rabbi |publisher=Schechter Institute of Jewish Studies |last=Goldberg |first=Monique Susskind |access-date=10 March 2007}}</ref> and Arks within Jerusalem face the [[Holy of Holies]].<ref name="returning">{{Cite book |url=http://www.jewishhistory.com/jh.php?id=AdditionalReadings&content=content/segal_ch12 |publisher=Department of Education and Culture of the World Zionist Organization |title=Returning: The Land of Israel as Focus in Jewish History |last=Segal |first=Benjamin J. |location=Jerusalem, Israel |year=1987 |page=124 |access-date=10 March 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051223025133/http://www.jewishhistory.com/jh.php?id=AdditionalReadings&content=content%2Fsegal_ch12 |archive-date=23 December 2005}}</ref> As prescribed in the [[Mishnah|Mishna]] and codified in the ''[[Shulchan Aruch]]'', daily prayers are recited while facing towards Jerusalem and the Temple Mount. Many Jews have "[[Mizrah|Mizrach]]" plaques hung on a wall of their homes to indicate the direction of prayer.<ref name="returning" /><ref>The Jewish injunction to pray toward Jerusalem comes in the ''[[Orach Chayim]]'' section of ''[[Shulchan Aruch]]'' (94:1)—"When one rises to pray anywhere in the Diaspora, he should face towards the Land of Israel, directing himself also toward Jerusalem, the Temple, and the Holy of Holies."</ref> The [[Western Wall]] is a remnant of the [[Second Temple]] and the holiest place where Jews are permitted to pray.