Editing Iran–Iraq War (section)

====Final operations of 1982====

After Iran's failure in Operation Ramadan, they carried out only a few smaller attacks. Iran launched two limited offensives aimed at reclaiming the Sumar Hills and isolating the Iraqi pocket at [[Naft shahr]] at the international border, both of which were part of the disputed territories still under Iraqi occupation. They then aimed to capture the Iraqi border town of [[Mandali, Iraq|Mandali]].<ref name=cooper03_214 /> They planned to take the Iraqis by surprise using Basij militiamen, army helicopters, and some armoured forces, then stretch their defences and possibly break through them to open a road to Baghdad for future exploitation.<ref name=cooper03_214 />

During [[Operation Muslim ibn Aqil]] (1–7 October),{{NoteTag|''[[Muslim ibn Aqil]]'' referring to the Muslim figure.}} Iran recovered {{convert|150|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} of disputed territory straddling the international border and reached the outskirts of Mandali before being stopped by Iraqi helicopter and armoured attacks.<ref name=Abdoleinen-Ghazaleh /><ref name=cooper03_214 /> During [[Operation Muharram]] (1–21 November),{{NoteTag|''[[Muharram]]'' referring to the first month of the [[Islamic calendar]], during which the operation took place.<ref name="naficy12">{{cite book|title=A Social History of Iranian Cinema The Globalizing Era, 1984–2010|year=2012|publisher=Duke University Press|isbn=978-0-8223-4878-8|page=11|first=Hamid|last=Naficy}}</ref>}} the Iranians captured part of the [[Bayat, Razavi Khorasan|Bayat oilfield]] with the help of their fighter jets and helicopters, destroying 105 Iraqi tanks, 70 [[Armoured personnel carrier|APCs]], and 7 planes with few losses. They nearly breached the Iraqi lines but failed to capture Mandali after the Iraqis sent reinforcements, including brand new [[T-72]] tanks, which possessed armour that could not be pierced from the front by Iranian [[TOW missile]]s.<ref name=cooper03_214 /> The Iranian advance was also impeded by heavy rains. 3,500 Iraqis and an unknown number of Iranians died, with only minor gains for Iran.<ref name=cooper03_214 />