Editing Hubble Space Telescope (section)

=== Photomosaic of the Andromeda Galaxy ===
[[File:Largest Mosaic of Andromeda by Hubble jan 16 2025-extra details.jpg|thumb|Largest Mosaic of Andromeda by Hubble with details: (a) Clusters of bright blue stars embedded within the galaxy, background galaxies seen much farther away, and photo-bombing by a couple bright foreground stars that are actually inside our Milky Way; (b) NGC 206 the most conspicuous star cloud in Andromeda; (c) A young cluster of blue newborn stars; (d) The satellite galaxy M32, that may be the residual core of a galaxy that once collided with Andromeda; (e) Dark dust lanes across myriad stars.<ref>{{cite web |title=Hubble's panoramic view of the Andromeda Galaxy (annotated) |url=https://esahubble.org/images/heic2501b/ |website=www.esahubble.org |access-date=27 March 2025 |language=en}}{{source-attribution}}</ref>]]

The [[Zooming In on the Andromeda Galaxy|Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury and Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Southern Treasury]] (PHAT and PHAST) were observations done by Hubble from July 2010 to October 2013 to map the northern half of the [[Andromeda Galaxy]] and from December 2021 to January 2024 to map the southern half. Andromeda is the nearest large galaxy to the Milky Way Galaxy and Hubble created the highest resolution and most detailed [[Photographic mosaic|photomosaic]] ever of Andromeda. 200 million stars can be seen in this combined image of both Treasury Programs out of a total of 1 trillion stars in Andromeda. Each star looks like a grain of sand. The northern half, PHAT, was mapped in near-ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared wavelengths in 828 orbits and was released in January 2015. The southern half, PHAST, was mapped in near-ultraviolet and visible wavelengths in 195 orbits and was released in January 2025. Observing Andromeda in this detail is the best alternative to observing the Milky Way Galaxy because Earth is within the Milky Way and cannot observe most of the Milky Way due to the [[Zone of Avoidance|galaxy itself blocking observations]] of 20% of the sky and most of the galaxy. To achieve this mosaic 1,023 Hubble orbits were needed. The mosaic image is made up of at least 2.5 billion pixels.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.stsci.edu/contents/media/images/2015/02/3476-Image |title=Hubble M31 PHAT Mosaic |publisher=Space Telescope Science Institute |access-date=27 March 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |title=PHAST. The Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Southern Treasury. I. Ultraviolet and Optical Photometry of over 90 Million Stars in M31 |vauthors=Chen Z, Williams B, Lang D, Dolphin A, Durbin M, Dalcanton JJ, Smercina A, Girardi L, Murray CE, Bell EF, Boyer ML, D'Souza R, Gilbert K, Gordon K, Guhathakurta P, Hammer F, Johnson LC, Lauer TR, Lazzarini M, Murphy JW, Patel E, Quirk A, Díaz Rodríguez M, Roman-Duval JC, Sanderson RE, Seth A, Wainer TM, Weisz DR |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=979 |number=1 |date=2025 |page=35 |doi=10.3847/1538-4357/ad7e2b |doi-access=free|bibcode=2025ApJ...979...35C }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.stsci.edu/contents/news-releases/2025/news-2025-005 |title=NASA's Hubble Traces Hidden History of Andromeda Galaxy |publisher=Space Telescope Science Institute |date=16 January 2025 |access-date=27 March 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012ApJS..200...18D/abstract |title=The Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury |vauthors= Dalcanton, JJ, Williams, BF, Lang, D, Lauer, TR, Kalirai, JS, Seth, AC, Dolphin, A, Rosenfield, P, Weisz, DR, Bell, EF, Bianchi, LC, Boyer, ML, Caldwell, N, Dong, H, Dorman, CE, Gilbert, KM, Girardi, L, Gogarten, SM, Gordon, KD, Guhathakurta, P, Hodge, PW, Holtzman, JA, Johnson, LC, Larsen, SS, Lewis, A, Melbourne, JL, Olsen, KAG, Rix, HW, Rosema, K, Saha, A, Sarajedini, A, Skillman, ED, Stanek, KZ  |journal=The Astrophysical Journal Supplement |date=2012 |volume=200 |issue=2 |page=18 |doi=10.1088/0067-0049/200/2/18 |arxiv=1204.0010|bibcode=2012ApJS..200...18D }}</ref>