Editing Guangzhou (section)

== Transportation==

=== Urban mass transit===
{{Main|Guangzhou Metro}}
[[File:Guangzhou Metro L6 Stock For Xunfenggang Station 20201209.jpg|thumb|alt=Guangzhou Metro|[[Guangzhou Metro]]]]
When the first line of the [[Guangzhou Metro]] opened in 1997, Guangzhou was the fourth city in [[Mainland China]] to have an underground railway system, behind [[Beijing subway|Beijing]], [[Tianjin Metro|Tianjin]], and [[Shanghai Metro|Shanghai]]. Currently the metro network is made up of sixteen lines, covering a total length of {{cvt|652.81|km|}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gzmtr.com/ygwm/xwzx/gsxw/202312/t20231229_80181.html |title=广州地铁五号线东延段、七号线二期工程正式开通初期运营|publisher=Guangzhou Metro |date=January 9, 2024 |access-date=January 9, 2024 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171229172003/http://www.gzmtr.com/ygwm/xwzx/gsxw/201712/t20171227_55523.html |archive-date=December 29, 2017}}</ref> A long-term plan was to make the city's metro system expand to over {{cvt|500|km}} by 2020 with 15 lines in operation. In addition to the metro system there is also the [[Haizhu Tram]] line which opened on December 31, 2014.<ref name="trials">{{cite web |language=zh-hans |url=http://news.ycwb.com/2014-09/14/content_7765649_3.htm |script-title=zh:广州首列新型有轨电车昨日开放试乘 有望年内上路 |last1=Liu |first1=Yong |last2=Mou |first2=Xuaoyi |website=ycwb.com/ |publisher=Guangdong Yangcheng Evening News Digital Media |access-date=September 14, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140914112441/http://news.ycwb.com/2014-09/14/content_7765649_3.htm |archive-date=September 14, 2014  |title=广州首列新型有轨电车昨日开放试乘 有望年内上路}}</ref>

The [[Guangzhou Bus Rapid Transit]] (GBRT) system which was introduced in 2010 along [[Zhongshan Road]]. It has several connections to the metro and is the world's 2nd-largest [[bus rapid transit]] system with 1,000,000 passenger trips daily.<ref>{{cite news |author-first1=Timothy|author-last1=Hurst|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUS331644810020110405 |title=Guangzhou's Remarkable Bus Rapid Transit System |date=April 5, 2011 |work=Reuters |access-date=April 15, 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130531075635/http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/04/05/idUS331644810020110405 |archive-date=May 31, 2013}}</ref> It handles 26,900 [[Passengers per hour per direction|pphpd]] during the peak hour a capacity second only to the [[TransMilenio]] BRT system in Bogota.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kuchingptc.com/download1.php |title=Case Study of the Guangzhou BRT |publisher=International Public Transport Conference 2010 |access-date=August 5, 2010 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110713173303/http://www.kuchingptc.com/download1.php |archive-date=July 13, 2011}}</ref> The system averages one bus every 10 seconds or 350 per hour in a single direction and contains the world's longest BRT stations—around {{cvt|260|m|ft}} including bridges.

=== Motor transport===
{{See also|List of bus routes in Guangzhou}}
[[File:Guangzhou BRT Corridor.jpg|thumb|alt=Buses in Guangzhou|Buses in Guangzhou]]
In the 19th century, the city already had over 600 long, straight streets; these were mostly paved but still very narrow.{{sfnp|''EB''|1878|p=37}} In June 1919, work began on demolishing the city wall to make way for wider streets and the development of tramways. The demolition took three years in total.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Lee |first1=Edward Bing-Shuey |title=Modern Canton |date=1936 |publisher=The Mercury Press |location=Shanghai}}</ref>

In 2009, it was reported that all 9,424 buses and 17,695 taxis in Guangzhou would be operating on [[Liquefied petroleum gas|LPG]]-fuel by 2010 to promote clean energy for transport and improve the environment ahead of the [[2010 Asian Games]] which were held in the city.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://en.olympic.cn/news/olympic_news/2009-07-17/1840198.html |title=Guangzhou expects to run all buses and taxis on LPG for Asiad |work=Official website of the Chinese Olympic Committee |date=July 17, 2009 |access-date=March 20, 2013 |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120827083731/http://en.olympic.cn/news/olympic_news/2009-07-17/1840198.html |archive-date=August 27, 2012}}</ref> At present{{when|date=March 2014}}, Guangzhou is the city that uses the most LPG-fueled vehicles in the world, and at the end of 2006, 6,500 buses and 16,000 taxis were using LPG, taking up 85 percent of all buses and taxis<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Leung |first=Vivian |date=2011-06-01 |title=Slow diffusion of LPG vehicles in China—Lessons from Shanghai, Guangzhou and Hong Kong |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0301421511002783 |journal=Energy Policy |volume=39 |issue=6 |pages=3720–3731 |doi=10.1016/j.enpol.2011.03.081 |bibcode=2011EnPol..39.3720L |issn=0301-4215}}</ref>
[[File:Yellow taxi of Guangzhou - GAC Aion S.jpg|thumb|A GAC Aion S yellow taxi of Guangzhou]]
Effective January 1, 2007, the municipal government banned motorcycles in Guangdong's urban areas. Motorcycles found violating the ban are confiscated.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.lifeofguangzhou.com/node_10/node_37/node_85/2007/01/03/116778797013245.shtml |title=Guangzhou Bans Motorcycles |publisher=Life of Guangzhou |date=January 3, 2007 |access-date=August 28, 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081206010658/http://www.lifeofguangzhou.com/node_10/node_37/node_85/2007/01/03/116778797013245.shtml |archive-date=December 6, 2008}}</ref> The Guangzhou traffic bureau claimed to have reported reduced traffic problems and accidents in the downtown area since the ban.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.lifeofguangzhou.com/node_10/node_37/node_85/2007/01/19/116916856413959.shtml |title=Traffic Jam Improve after Motorcycle Ban |publisher=Life of Guangzhou |date=January 19, 2007 |access-date=August 28, 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081206010704/http://www.lifeofguangzhou.com/node_10/node_37/node_85/2007/01/19/116916856413959.shtml |archive-date=December 6, 2008}}</ref>

=== Airports===
[[File:Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport T2.jpg|thumb|alt=Baiyun International Airport Terminal 2|[[Baiyun International Airport]] Terminal 2]]
Guangzhou's main airport is the [[Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport|Baiyun International Airport]] in [[Baiyun District, Guangzhou|Baiyun District]]; it opened on August 5, 2004.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2004-08-06/01193307040s.shtml |script-title=zh:广州新白云机场正式运营(图) |website=[[Sina Corp|Sina]] News |date=August 6, 2004 |access-date=May 2, 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140502184419/http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2004-08-06/01193307040s.shtml |archive-date=May 2, 2014}}</ref> This airport is the second busiest airport in terms of traffic movements in China. It replaced the [[Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport (former)|old Baiyun International Airport]], which was very close to the city center but failed to meet the city's rapidly growing air traffic demand. The old Baiyun International Airport was in operation for 72 years. Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport now has three runways, with two more planned.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.wcarn.com/news/40/40610.html |title=Guangzhou Airport Set to Open Its 3rd Runway on Feb. 5 |publisher=wcarn.com |date=January 10, 2015 |access-date=January 30, 2016}} {{dead link|date=October 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Terminal 2 opened on April 26, 2018.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://m.xinhuanet.com/gd/2018-04/26/c_1122743199.htm |script-title=zh:确认过眼神，一图带你打开白云机场T2航站楼大门 |publisher=xinhuanet.com |date=April 26, 2018 |access-date=September 2, 2018 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180902043539/http://m.xinhuanet.com/gd/2018-04/26/c_1122743199.htm |archive-date=September 2, 2018}}</ref> Another airport located in Zengcheng District is under planning.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.ifeng.com/a/20171120/53414621_0.shtml |script-title=zh:广州第二机场选址获突破性进展 |publisher=news.ifeng.com |date=November 20, 2017 |access-date=September 2, 2018 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180902044026/http://news.ifeng.com/a/20171120/53414621_0.shtml |archive-date=September 2, 2018}}</ref>

Guangzhou is also served by [[Hong Kong International Airport]]; ticketed passengers can take ferries from the Lianhuashan Ferry Terminal and [[Nansha Ferry Port]] in [[Nansha, Guangzhou|Nansha District]] to the HKIA [[Skypier]].<ref>"[https://www.hongkongairport.com/en/transport/mainland-connection/ferry-transfer.page Ferry Transfer] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180508152345/https://www.hongkongairport.com/en/transport/mainland-connection/ferry-transfer.page |date=2018-05-08 }}." [[Hong Kong International Airport]]. Retrieved on May 8, 2018.</ref> There are also coach bus services connecting Guangzhou with HKIA.<ref>"[https://www.hongkongairport.com/en/transport/mainland-connection/mainland-coaches/index.page Mainland Coaches] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180508154704/https://www.hongkongairport.com/en/transport/mainland-connection/mainland-coaches/index.page |date=2018-05-08 }}." [[Hong Kong International Airport]]. Retrieved on May 8, 2018.</ref>

=== Rail===
{{further|Guangzhou railway station|Guangzhou East railway station|Guangzhou South railway station|Guangzhou North railway station|Guangzhou Baiyun railway station}}

Guangzhou is the terminus of the [[Beijing–Guangzhou railway|Beijing–Guangzhou]], [[Guangzhou–Shenzhen railway|Guangzhou–Shenzhen]], [[Guangzhou–Maoming railway|Guangzhou–Maoming]] and [[Guangzhou–Meizhou–Shantou railway|Guangzhou–Meizhou–Shantou]] conventional speed railways. In late 2009, the [[Wuhan–Guangzhou high-speed railway]] started service, with [[multiple unit]] trains covering {{cvt|980|km|2}} at a top speed of {{cvt|320|km/h|0}}. In December 2014, the [[Guiyang–Guangzhou high-speed railway]] and Nanning-Guangzhou railway began service with trains running at top speeds of {{cvt|250|km/h|0}} and {{cvt|200|km/h|0}}, respectively.<ref name=SMD20141226>{{cite web |language=zh-hans |url=http://news.southcn.com/g/2014-12/26/content_115108037.htm |author=Chen Qingjie (陈清浩) |script-title=zh:贵广高铁正式开通运营 从贵阳到广州4小时可达 |publisher=Southern Post (南方日报) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304095808/http://news.southcn.com/g/2014-12/26/content_115108037.htm |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |date=December 26, 2014}}</ref> The [[Guangzhou–Kowloon through train|Guangdong Through Train]] departs from the [[Guangzhou East railway station]] and arrives at the [[Hung Hom station]] in [[Kowloon]], Hong Kong. The route is approximately {{cvt|182|km}} in length and the ride takes less than two hours. Frequent coach services are also provided with coaches departing every day from different locations (mostly major hotels) around the city. A number of [[regional rail]]ways radiating from Guangzhou started operating such as the [[Guangzhou–Zhuhai intercity railway]] and the [[Guangzhou-Foshan-Zhaoqing intercity railway]].

=== Water transport===
There are daily high-speed [[catamaran]] services between Nansha Ferry Terminal and Lianhua Shan Ferry Terminal in Guangzhou and the [[Hong Kong China Ferry Terminal]], as well as between Nansha Ferry Terminal and [[Hong Kong–Macau Ferry Terminal|Macau Ferry Pier]] in Hong Kong.
<gallery mode="packed" style="text-align:center" caption="Transport in Guangzhou">

File:Panyu Square Station Line 18 & Line 22 Concourse 20210928 Part 1.jpg|[[Panyu Square station]] of the [[Guangzhou Metro]]
File:A1 Train (1x27-28) and B5 Train (07x011-012) at Guangzhou CRRC Base, Guangzhou Metro 20230626.jpg|Trains used by the [[Guangzhou Metro]]
File:GBRT Gangding Station at night 20131025.jpg|[[Guangzhou BRT|GBRT]] station
File:Skystage of Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport Terminal 2.jpg|[[Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport|Baiyun International Airport]] in [[Huadu District]]
File:CRH380A-0259@GZN (20180923094804).jpg|[[CRH380A]] at [[Guangzhou South Railway Station]]
File:Guangzhou Huangpu Tram Line 1 Train 102 20210127.jpg|[[Guangzhou Tram]]
</gallery>