Editing Grantham (section)

== Demography ==

=== Ethnicity and religion ===
According to the 2011 census, Grantham's population<ref>Defined as the ONS E35001363 area – the urban area without Great Gonerby</ref> was 96.3% [[White people|white]]; 2.0% [[Asian people|Asian]] or [[British Asian]]; 0.6% [[Black people|Black]], [[Demographics of Africa|African]], [[Caribbean people|Caribbean]] or [[Black British people|Black British]]; and 0.9% [[Mixed ethnicity|mixed]] or multi-ethnic; and 0.2% other. The population is therefore less ethnically diverse than England as a whole, which is 85.4% white; 7.8% Asian or Asian British; 3.5% Black, African, Caribbean or Black British; 2.3% mixed ethnicities; and 1% other. 90.1% of the town's population were born in the United Kingdom, compared with 86.2% nationally; 6.1% were born in European Union countries other than the UK and Ireland, of which almost three quarters (4.3% of the total) were born in [[Enlargement of the European Union|post-2001 accession states]]; for England, the figures were 3.7% and 2.0% respectively. 3.4% of the population was born outside the EU, whereas the total for England was 9.4%.<ref name="nomis-skeg">{{cite web |title=Grantham Built-Up Area Sub Division: Local Area Report |url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/reports/localarea?compare=E35001363 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221219211026/https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/reports/localarea?compare=E35001363 |archive-date=19 December 2022 |access-date=19 December 2022 |website=Nomis: Official Labour Market Statistics |publisher=[[Office for National Statistics]]}}</ref><ref name="nomis-eng">{{cite web |title=England: Country Report |url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/reports/localarea?compare=E92000001 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200622012249/https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/reports/localarea?compare=E92000001 |archive-date=22 June 2020 |access-date=28 June 2020 |website=Nomis: Official Labour Market Statistics |publisher=[[Office for National Statistics]]}}</ref>

In the 2011 census, 69.4% of Grantham's population said they were [[Religion|religious]] and 23.8% said they [[Irreligion|did not follow a religion]], very similar to England as a whole (68.1% and 24.7% respectively). However, compared to England's population, [[Christians]] were a higher proportion of the Grantham population (67.6% compared with 59.4%), and all other groups were present at a lower proportion than the national rates. There were 20 [[Sikhs]] in Grantham, making up a negligible proportion of the population compared with 0.8% nationally; [[Hindus]] composed 0.5% (compared with 1.5% in England), [[Muslims]] 0.5% against 5% nationally, [[Jews|Jewish people]] 0.1% compared with 0.5% for all of England, and [[Buddhism|Buddhists]] 0.3% of the town's population, contrasting with 0.5% nationally.<ref name="nomis-skeg" /><ref name="nomis-eng" />
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
! colspan="14" |Ethnicity, nationality and religious affiliation of residents (2011)<ref name="nomis-skeg" /><ref name="nomis-eng" />
|-
!
!White
!Asian or British Asian
!Black, African, Caribbean or Black British
!Mixed or multi-ethnic
!Other ethnicity
!Born in UK
!Born in EU (except UK and Ireland)
!Born outside EU
!Religious
!Did not follow a religion
!Christian
!Muslim
!Other religions
|-
!Grantham
|96.3%
|2.0%
|0.6%
|0.9%
|0.2%
|90.1%
|6.1%
|3.4%
|69.4%
|23.8%
|67.6%
|0.5%
|0.9%
|-
!England
|85.4%
|7.8%
|3.5%
|2.3%
|1.0%
|86.2%
|3.7%
|9.4%
|68.1%
|24.7%
|59.4%
|5.0%
|2.5%
|}

=== Household composition, age, health and housing ===
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed floatright"
! colspan="3" |Gender, age, health and household characteristics (2011)<ref name="nomis-skeg" /><ref name="nomis-eng" />
|-
!Characteristics
!Grantham
!England
|-
|Male
|48.5%
|49.2%
|-
|Female
|51.5%
|50.8%
|-
|Married{{Refn|Residents aged 16 and over|name=first|group="n"}}
|47.2%
|46.6%
|-
|Single{{Refn|name=first|group="n"}}
|31.1%
|34.6%
|-
|Divorced{{Refn|name=first|group="n"}}
|10.9%
|9.0%
|-
|Widowed{{Refn|name=first|group="n"}}
|7.3%
|6.9%
|-
|One-person households
|28.8%
|30.2%
|-
|One-family households
|65.3%
|61.8%
|-
|Mean age
|39.4
|39.3
|-
|Median age
|39.0
|39.0
|-
|Population under 20
|24.8%
|24.0%
|-
|Population over 60
|22.4%
|22.0%
|-
|Residents in good health
|80.7%
|81.4%
|-
|Owner-occupiers{{Refn|Households|name=first1|group="n"}}
|62.2%
|63.3%
|-
|Private renters{{Refn|name=first1|group="n"}}
|18.8%
|16.8%
|-
|Social renters{{Refn|name=first1|group="n"}}
|17.1%
|17.7%
|-
|Living in a detached house{{Refn|name=first1|group="n"}}
|27.8%
|22.3%
|}
In the 2011 census, 48.5% of the population were male and 51.5% female. Of the population over 16, 47.2% were married, compared to 46.6% in England; 31.1% were single (a smaller proportion than in England where it was 34.6%), 10.9% [[divorce]]d (compared with 9% in England), 7.3% widowed (slightly higher than the 6.9% for all of England), 3.3% separated and 0.2% in same-sex [[Civil partnership in the United Kingdom|civil partnerships]] (2.7% and 0.2% respectively in England). In 2011, there were 17,944 households in the Grantham urban area. It had a slightly lower than average proportion of one-person households (28.8% compared with England's figure of 30.2%); most other households consisted of one family, which was more common in Grantham than England as a whole (65.3% of the total, compared with 61.8% in England). This was because there were slightly higher than average rates of cohabiting couples (12% compared with 9.8%), lone parent households (11.2% against 10.6%) and married couples (34.2% compared with 33.2%), but fewer people in multiple and other household types (5.9% compared with 8%).<ref name="nomis-skeg" /><ref name="nomis-eng" />

The 2011 census showed the average age of Grantham's population to be in line with the national average; the mean age was 39.3 and the median 39 years, compared with 39.3 and 39 for England. 24.8% of the population was under 20, versus 24% of England's, and 22.4% of Grantham's population was aged over 60, compared with 22% of England's population.<ref name="nomis-skeg" /><ref name="nomis-eng" /> In 2011, 80.7% of the population were in good or very good health, compared to 81.4% in England, and 5.4% in very bad or bad health, exactly the same rate as in England. 18% of people (9.3% in 16–64 year-olds) also reported having their day-to-day activities limited, compared with 17.6% in England (8.2% in 16–64 year-olds).<ref name="nomis-skeg" /><ref name="nomis-eng" />

As of 2011, Grantham had similar proportions of people who owned their homes with or without a mortgage (62.2%) than in England (63.3%) and who [[Council house|rented socially]] (17.1% compared with 17.7% nationally); there was a slightly higher rate of [[Private rented sector|private renting]] (18.8% compared with 16.8%) while owner-occupiers were more likely to be mortgaged than in England as a whole (55.7% of them, compared with 51.8%). The proportion of household spaces which are [[Single-family detached home|detached]] or [[semi-detached]] houses is higher than average (27.8% and 33.6%, compared with 22.3% and 30.7%), while the proportion of households living in apartments, flats and maisonettes is much lower (13.1% against 22.1%). The proportion of [[Terraced house|terraced]] household spaces is similar (25.4% compared with 24.5%).<ref name="nomis-skeg" /><ref name="nomis-eng" />

=== Workforce ===
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed floatright"
! colspan="3" |Economic characteristics of residents aged 16 to 74 (2011)<ref name="nomis-skeg" /><ref name="nomis-eng" />
|-
!Characteristic
!Grantham
!England
|-
! colspan="3" |Economic activity
|-
|Economically active
|72.7%
|69.9%
|-
|Employed
|69.9%
|62.1%
|-
|Full-time employed
|42.7%
|38.6%
|-
|Retirees
|13.9%
|13.7%
|-
|Long-term sick or disabled
|3.9%
|4.0%
|-
|Long-term unemployed
|1.6%
|1.7%
|-
! colspan="3" |Industry
|-
|Agriculture
|0.9%
|0.8%
|-
|Manufacturing
|13.9%
|8.8%
|-
|Construction
|7.3%
|7.7%
|-
|Wholesale and retail trade; repair of vehicles
|19.1%
|15.9%
|-
|Transport and storage
|5.0%
|5.0%
|-
|Accommodation and food services
|6.0%
|5.6%
|-
|Information and communication
|2.0%
|4.1%
|-
|Financial and insurance
|2.4%
|4.4%
|-
|Professional, scientific and technical
|3.9%
|6.7%
|-
|Public administration and defence
|6.7%
|5.9%
|-
|Education
|7.7%
|9.9%
|-
|Health and social work
|12.9%
|12.4%
|-
! colspan="3" |Occupation
|-
|Managers and directors
|9.3%
|10.9%
|-
|Professionals; associate professionals
|21.8%
|30.3%
|-
|Administrative and secretarial
|10.8%
|11.5%
|-
|Sales and customer services
|9.4%
|8.4%
|-
|Caring, leisure and other services
|10.5%
|9.3%
|-
|Skilled trades
|12.8%
|11.4%
|-
|Process, plant and machine operatives
|10.9%
|7.2%
|-
|Elementary occupations
|14.4%
|11.1%
|-
! colspan="3" |Qualifications
|-
|No qualifications
|23.7%
|22.5%
|-
|Level 4 or higher
|19.8%
|27.4%
|-
|}
In 2011, 72.7% of Grantham's residents aged between 16 and 74 were [[Economic activity rate|economically active]], compared with 69.9% for all of England. 65.6% were in [[employment]], compared with 62.1% nationally. The proportion in full-time employment is also comparatively high, at 42.7% (against 38.6% for England). The proportion of retirees was in line with the national figure, at 13.9% compared with 13.7% for England, as was the proportion of long-term sick or disabled (3.9%, compared with England's 4%); 1.6% of people were [[Unemployment|long-term unemployed]], compared with 1.7% in all of England. The 2011 census revealed that the most common industry residents worked in were: [[Wholesaling|wholesale]] and retail trade and repair of motor vehicles (19.1%), manufacturing (13.9%), and human health and [[social work]] (12.9%). The latter category was in line with the national average, but retail and manufacturing were overrepresented compared with England (where the proportions were 15.9% and 8.8%, respectively). Most other industries were under-represented comparatively, with [[financial services]] (2.4% versus 4.4% nationally), [[Information and communications technology|information and communication]] (2.0% against 4.1% nationally), and professional, scientific and technical activities (3.9% compared with 6.7%) especially so.<ref name="nomis-skeg" /><ref name="nomis-eng" />

Compared with the whole of England, the workforce had modestly higher proportions of people in [[elementary occupation]]s (14.4% compared with 11.1%), process, plant and machinery operative roles (10.9% against 7.2%), skilled trades (12.8% versus 11.4%), and caring and other service occupations (10.5% against 9.3%). There was a much lower proportion of people in [[professional]], associate professional, technical, administrative and [[Secretary|secretarial]] occupations than in England as a whole (combined 32.6% versus 41.7% of England's population aged 16–74), principally driven by a lower proportion of full professionals (11.1% compared with 17.5%).<ref name="nomis-skeg" /><ref name="nomis-eng" />

The proportion of residents aged 16 to 74 with no qualifications was 23.7%, only slightly higher than the national figure (22.5%); the proportion of residents whose highest qualification is at [[National qualifications frameworks in the United Kingdom|Level 1 or 2]] (equivalent to [[GCSE]]s) is higher than in the national population, but 19.8% of Grantham's population have a qualification at Level 4 or above ([[Certificate of Higher Education]] upwards, including [[Undergraduate education|graduates]]), compared with 27.4% nationally.<ref name="nomis-skeg" /><ref name="nomis-eng" />

=== Deprivation ===
The government's [[Multiple deprivation index|Indices of Multiple Deprivation]] (2019) show that Grantham contains both dense pockets of deprivation and areas of substantial affluence. The county council note that high levels of deprivation in parts of the town contrast with the less deprived rural hinterlands around it.<ref>{{Harvnb|Lincolnshire County Council|2019|p=4}}.</ref> A statistical area covering part of the Earlesfield estate falls within the most deprived 10% of areas in the country; it is the most deprived place in South Kesteven. Other parts of Earlesfield and the Cherry Orchard suburb fall within the most deprived 20% of areas nationally, while much of the central urban area also falls below the national median and the top five most deprived areas in the district are all parts of Grantham. However, the Green Hill and Spinney housing estates and parts of Gonerby Hill Foot and Manthorpe fall within the least deprived decile nationally; one of them is in the least 10 deprived places in South Kesteven.<ref>[http://dclgapps.communities.gov.uk/imd/iod_index.html "Indices of Deprivation 2015 and 2019"], ''[[Department for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities]]''. Retrieved 21 December 2022. See also, the full index (File 1), which can be downloaded at [https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/english-indices-of-deprivation-2019 "English indices of deprivation 2019"], ''[[Government of the United Kingdom|HM Government]]''. Retrieved 21 December 2022.</ref>