Editing Erasmus (section)

=====Turks=====
In his last decade, he involved himself in the [[On War Against the Turk|public policy debate]] on war with the [[Ottoman Empire]], which was then invading [[Ottoman wars in Europe#1526–1566: Conquest of the Kingdom of Hungary|Western Europe]], notably in his book ''On the war against the Turks'' (1530), as the "reckless and extravagant"<ref>{{cite web |last1=Withnell |first1=Stephen |title=A terrible pope but a patron of genius |url=https://catholicherald.co.uk/a-terrible-pope-but-a-patron-of-genius/ |website=Catholic Herald |date=25 April 2019 |access-date=27 April 2024 |archive-date=27 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240427055122/https://catholicherald.co.uk/a-terrible-pope-but-a-patron-of-genius/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Pope Leo X had in previous decades promoted going on the offensive with a new crusade.<ref group=note>"...&nbsp;the goal of {{lang|la|De bello Turcico}} was to warn Christians and the Church of moral deterioration and to exhort them to change their ways.&nbsp;... Erasmus' objection to crusades was by no means an overall opposition to fighting the Turks. Rather, Erasmus harshly condemned embezzlement and corrupt fundraising, and the Church's involvement in such nefarious activities, and regarded them as inseparable from waging a crusade." {{cite journal |last1=Ron |first1=Nathan |title=The Non-Cosmopolitan Erasmus: An Examination of his Turkophobic/Islamophobic Rhetoric |journal=Akademik Tarih ve Düşünce Dergisi (Academic Journal of History and Idea) |date=1 January 2020 |url=https://www.academia.edu/67458204}} pp. 97,98</ref> Erasmus reworked Luther's rhetoric that the invading Turks represent God's judgment of decadent Christendom, but without Luther's fatalism: Erasmus not only accused Western leaders of kingdom-threatening hypocrisy, he reworked a remedy already decreed by the [[Fifth Council of the Lateran]]: anti-expansionist moral reforms by Europe's disunited leaders as a necessary unitive political step before any aggressive warfare against the Ottoman threat, reforms which might themselves, if sincere, prevent both the internecine and foreign warfare.<ref name=herwaarden>{{cite journal |last1=van Herwaarden |first1=Jan |title=Erasmus and the Non-Christian World |journal=Erasmus of Rotterdam Society Yearbook |date=2012 |volume=32 |issue=1 |pages=69–83 |doi=10.1163/18749275-00000006}}</ref>{{refn|group=note|The idea that European peace and order was a precondition for successful crusades has a longer history: Pope Urban II at the Council of Clermont in 1095 called for the re-enacting of the [[Peace and Truce of God#Peace of God and Truce of God and chivalry and crusades|Truce of God]] for domestic peace.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bainton |first=Roland H. |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/963644630 |title=Christian attitudes towards war and peace: a historical survey and critical re-evaluation |publisher=Abingdon Press |year=1979 |orig-year=1st ed. 1960 |isbn=0-687-07027-9 |location=New York |oclc=963644630}}</ref>{{rp|111–112}} }}