Editing Detroit (section)

===Music===
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{{Main|Music of Detroit|Performing arts in Detroit}}

[[File:Berry Gordy House Boston Edison Detroit.JPG|thumb|"Motown Mansion" in [[Boston-Edison Historic District]]; former home of [[Berry Gordy]], founder of [[Motown Records]]]]
[[File:Detroit Electronic Music Festival 2002 main stage and crowd after dark.jpg|thumb|[[Detroit Electronic Music Festival]]]]
[[File:DIME building exterior.jpg|thumb|[[Detroit Institute of Music Education]]]]

Live music has been a prominent feature of Detroit's nightlife since the late 1940s, bringing the city recognition under the nickname "Motown".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.discogs.com/search/?q=Motown&type=label |title=Searching for "Motown" within on Discogs |website=Discogs.com |access-date=July 23, 2017}}</ref> The metropolitan area has many nationally prominent live music venues. Concerts hosted by [[Live Nation Entertainment|Live Nation]] perform throughout the Detroit area. The theater venue circuit is the United States' second largest and hosts [[Broadway theatre|Broadway performances]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theworldiscoming.com/getinfo_coolstuff.html |title=Firsts and facts |access-date=July 25, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080501085821/http://www.theworldiscoming.com/getinfo_coolstuff.html |archive-date=May 1, 2008 }} ''Detroit Tourism Economic Development Council''. Retrieved on July 24, 2008.</ref><ref>[http://www.°C.org/arts-culture.aspx Arts & Culture] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050411002813/http://www/ |date=April 11, 2005 }} ''Detroit Economic Growth Corporation''. Retrieved on July 24, 2008. "Detroit is home to the second largest theatre district in the United States."</ref>

The city has a rich musical heritage and has contributed to many genres over the decades.<ref name=Almanac2/> Important music events include the [[Detroit International Jazz Festival]], the [[Detroit Electronic Music Festival]], the Motor City Music Conference (MC2), the Urban Organic Music Conference, the Concert of Colors, and the hip-hop Summer Jamz festival.<ref name=Almanac2/>

In the 1940s, [[Detroit blues]] artist [[John Lee Hooker]] became a long-term resident in the [[Delray, Detroit|Delray]] neighborhood. Hooker, among other important blues musicians, migrated from his home in Mississippi, bringing the [[Delta blues]] to Detroit. Hooker recorded for [[Fortune Records]], the biggest pre-Motown blues/soul label. During the 1950s, the city became a center for jazz, with stars performing in the Black Bottom neighborhood.<ref name=Woodford/> Prominent emerging jazz musicians included trumpeter [[Donald Byrd]] (who attended Cass Tech and performed with [[Art Blakey]] and [[the Jazz Messengers]] early in his career) and saxophonist [[Pepper Adams]] (who enjoyed a solo career and accompanied Byrd on several albums). The Graystone International Jazz Museum documents jazz in Detroit.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Graystone Online |url=http://www.ipl.org.ar/exhibit/detjazz/Graystone.html |publisher=Internet Public Library of the University of Michigan |access-date=May 5, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090911002339/http://www.ipl.org.ar/exhibit/detjazz/Graystone.html |archive-date=September 11, 2009 }}</ref>

Other prominent Motor City R&B stars in the 1950s and early 1960s were [[Nolan Strong]], [[Andre Williams (musician)|Andre Williams]], and [[Nathaniel Mayer]]—who all scored local and national hits on the [[Fortune Records]] label. According to [[Smokey Robinson]], Strong was a primary influence on his voice as a teenager. The Fortune label, a family-operated label on Third Avenue, was owned by the husband-and-wife team of Jack Brown and Devora Brown. Fortune—which also released country, gospel and rockabilly LPs and 45s—laid the groundwork for Motown, which became Detroit's most legendary record label.<ref name=Carson>{{Cite book |first= David A. |last= Carson |title= Noise, and Revolution: The Birth of Detroit Rock 'n' Roll |publisher= University of Michigan Press |year= 2005 |isbn= 0-472-11503-0 }}</ref>

[[Berry Gordy, Jr.]] founded [[Motown Records]], which rose to prominence during the 1960s and early 1970s with acts such as [[Stevie Wonder]], [[the Temptations]], [[the Four Tops]], [[Smokey Robinson & the Miracles]], [[Diana Ross & the Supremes]], [[the Jackson 5]], [[Martha and the Vandellas]], [[The Spinners (American group)|the Spinners]], [[Gladys Knight & the Pips]], [[the Marvelettes]], [[the Elgins]], [[The Monitors (American band)|the Monitors]], [[the Velvelettes]], and [[Marvin Gaye]]. Artists were backed by in-house vocalists<ref>''Girl Groups – Fabulous Females Who Rocked The World'', by John Clemente</ref> [[the Andantes]] and [[the Funk Brothers]].

"The Motown sound" played an important role in the crossover appeal with popular music, since it was the first African American–owned record label to primarily feature African-American artists. Gordy moved Motown to Los Angeles in 1972 to pursue film production, but the company has since returned to Detroit. [[Aretha Franklin]], another Detroit R&B star, carried the Motown sound; however, she did not record with Berry's Motown label.<ref name=Almanac2/>

Local artists and bands rose to prominence in the 1960s and 70s, including the [[MC5]], [[Glenn Frey]], [[the Stooges]], [[Bob Seger]], [[The Amboy Dukes (band)|Amboy Dukes]] featuring [[Ted Nugent]], [[Mitch Ryder]] and The Detroit Wheels, [[Rare Earth (band)|Rare Earth]], [[Alice Cooper]], and [[Suzi Quatro]]. The group [[Kiss (band)|Kiss]] emphasized the city's connection with rock in the song "[[Detroit Rock City]]" and the movie produced in 1999. In the 1980s, Detroit was an important center of the [[hardcore punk rock]] underground with many nationally known bands coming out of the city and its suburbs, such as [[the Necros]], [[the Meatmen]], and [[Negative Approach]].<ref name="Carson"/>

In the 1990s and 2000s, the city produced many influential [[hip hop music|hip hop]] artists, including [[Eminem]], the hip-hop artist with the highest cumulative sales, his rap group [[D12]], hip-hop rapper and producer [[Royce da 5'9"]], hip-hop producer [[Denaun Porter]], hip-hop producer [[J Dilla]], rapper and musician [[Kid Rock]] and rappers [[Big Sean]] and [[Danny Brown (rapper)|Danny Brown]]. The band [[Sponge (band)|Sponge]] toured and produced music.<ref name="Almanac2" /><ref name="Carson" /> The city also has an active [[garage rock]] scene that has generated national attention with acts such as [[the White Stripes]], [[the Von Bondies]], [[the Detroit Cobras]], [[the Dirtbombs]], [[Electric Six]], and [[the Hard Lessons]].<ref name="Almanac2" /> Detroit is cited as the birthplace of [[techno]] music in the early 1980s.<ref name="Plexifilm">{{cite web|author=Jessica Edwards |url=http://www.plexifilm.com/title.php?id=27 |title=High Tech Soul |publisher=Plexifilm |access-date=July 1, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131206170131/http://www.plexifilm.com/title.php?id=27 |archive-date=December 6, 2013 }}</ref> The city also lends its name to an early and pioneering genre of [[electronic dance music]], "[[Detroit techno]]". Featuring science fiction imagery and robotic themes, its futuristic style was greatly influenced by the geography of Detroit's urban decline and its industrial past.<ref name="Woodford">{{Cite book| author=Woodford, Arthur M.|title=This is Detroit 1701–2001|publisher=Wayne State University Press| year=2001|isbn=0-8143-2914-4}}</ref> Prominent Detroit techno artists include [[Juan Atkins]], [[Derrick May (musician)|Derrick May]], [[Kevin Saunderson]], and [[Jeff Mills]]. The [[Detroit Electronic Music Festival]], now known as Movement, occurs annually in late May on Memorial Day Weekend, and takes place in [[Hart Plaza]].