Editing Concrete (section)

=== Plant fibers ===
Plant fibers and particles can be used in a concrete mix or as a reinforcement.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Onuaguluchi |first1=Obinna |last2=Banthia |first2=Nemkumar |date=2016-04-01 |title=Plant-based natural fibre reinforced cement composites: A review |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0958946516300269 |journal=Cement and Concrete Composites |volume=68 |pages=96–108 |doi=10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2016.02.014 |issn=0958-9465}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Wu |first1=Hansong |last2=Shen |first2=Aiqin |last3=Cheng |first3=Qianqian |last4=Cai |first4=Yanxia |last5=Ren |first5=Guiping |last6=Pan |first6=Hongmei |last7=Deng |first7=Shiyi |date=2023-09-20 |title=A review of recent developments in application of plant fibers as reinforcements in concrete |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S095965262302423X |journal=Journal of Cleaner Production |volume=419 |pages=138265 |doi=10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.138265 |bibcode=2023JCPro.41938265W |issn=0959-6526}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Yan |first1=Libo |last2=Kasal |first2=Bohumil |last3=Huang |first3=Liang |date=2016-05-01 |title=A review of recent research on the use of cellulosic fibres, their fibre fabric reinforced cementitious, geo-polymer and polymer composites in civil engineering |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1359836816001025 |journal=Composites Part B: Engineering |volume=92 |pages=94–132 |doi=10.1016/j.compositesb.2016.02.002 |issn=1359-8368}}</ref> These materials can increase ductility but the lignocellulosic particles hydrolyze during concrete curing as a result of alkaline environment and elevated temperatures<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Li |first1=Juan |last2=Kasal |first2=Bohumil |date=July 2023 |title=Degradation Mechanism of the Wood-Cell Wall Surface in a Cement Environment Measured by Atomic Force Microscopy |url=https://ascelibrary.org/doi/10.1061/JMCEE7.MTENG-14910 |journal=Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering |language=en |volume=35 |issue=7 |doi=10.1061/JMCEE7.MTENG-14910 |issn=0899-1561}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Li |first1=Juan |last2=Kasal |first2=Bohumil |date=2022-08-10 |title=The immediate and short-term degradation of the wood surface in a cement environment measured by AFM |journal=Materials and Structures |language=en |volume=55 |issue=7 |pages=179 |doi=10.1617/s11527-022-01988-8 |issn=1871-6873|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Li |first1=Juan |last2=Kasal |first2=Bohumil |date=2022-04-11 |title=Effects of Thermal Aging on the Adhesion Forces of Biopolymers of Wood Cell Walls |journal=Biomacromolecules |language=en |volume=23 |issue=4 |pages=1601–1609 |doi=10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01397 |issn=1525-7797 |pmc=9006222 |pmid=35303409}}</ref> Such process, that is difficult to measure,<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Li |first1=Juan |last2=Bohumil |first2=Kasal |date=2021-02-05 |title=Repeatability of Adhesion Force Measurement on Wood Longitudinal Cut Cell Wall Using Atomic Force Microscopy |url=https://wfs.swst.org/index.php/wfs/article/view/2971 |journal=Wood and Fiber Science |language=en |volume=53 |issue=1 |pages=3–16 |doi=10.22382/wfs-2021-02 |issn=0735-6161}}</ref> can affect the properties of the resulting concrete.